PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C G Baum

Publications and source records attributed to C G Baum.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sociometric status: its stability and validity among neglected, rejected and popular children.

Although important distinctions among sociometrically rejected, neglected, and popular children have been reported in the literature, concerns have been raised about use of negative peer nominations in identifying these children. A revised procedure developed by Asher and Dodge [Developmental Psychology, 22, 444-449 (1986)] eliminates the need to obtain negative peer nominations. In the present study, the construct validity of this revised procedure was explored and its long-term stability examined over 6, 12 and 18 months. Our findings establish significant differences on several indices among rejected, neglected and popular children. However, the differences between rejected and popular children were more robust than those between neglected and popular children, who failed to differ from one another on most of the measures. Moreover, fairly good long-term stability was found for popular and rejected status, whereas the long-term stability for neglected status was quite poor. These findings were addressed in the context of similar research employing negative nomination methods. Implications for the identification of at-risk children were also discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMed1990

Cellular control of IgE induction by a polyphenol-rich compound. Preferential activation of Th2 cells.

The polyphenol group rutin (R) appears to influence isotype expression, because R-BSA conjugates induce anti-BSA responses in mice that show a significant decrease in hemagglutinating antibodies (HA) to BSA, as compared to mice immunized with BSA. However, the level of IgE antibodies to BSA is unaltered. To determine if suppressor cells for isotypes other than IgE are induced by R-BSA, cell transfers were performed. The results were consistent with the view that the decrease in HA titer to BSA in R-BSA immunized mice is not due to the activation of suppressor cells for isotypes other than IgE. Inasmuch as the IgE response in mice is associated with the production of IL-4 by Th2 cells, we analyzed the factors produced by spleen cells cultured with R-BSA. We found that supernatant from spleen cells cultured with R-BSA contained IL-4 as determined by the enhanced expression of Fc epsilon R (CD23) on B cells. This enhancement was inhibited by 11B11, the anti-IL-4 mAb. IL-2, a product of Th1 cells, was not detected in these supernatants. Moreover, IL-4 mRNA, but not IL-2 mRNA, was detected by Northern blot analysis of RNA from spleen cells cultured with R-BSA. Taken together the data suggest that the polyphenol containing compounds preferentially activate Th2 cells, thereby favoring IgE production.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The psychosocial consequences of traumatic injury.

Long-term stress experienced by trauma patients was assessed for a sample of 137 patients treated at a large urban trauma center after suffering traumatic injuries resulting from motor vehicle/motorcycle accidents, falls, pedestrian accidents, and stabbing and gunshot wounds. Levels of psychological distress reported 3 to 39 months after the accident were considerable, but a measure of injury severity commonly used in critical care settings was not a good predictor of psychosocial outcome. The subjective impact of the accident and injury-related financial and employment problems were more important in predicting outcome than medical variables or time since injury. Family environment ratings were significantly worse for subjects with elevated levels of psychiatric symptoms. The results suggest that psychosocial interventions may benefit many of these individuals. Aspects to be considered in planning the intervention include projected functional disability, likely employment and financial problems, subjective perceptions of the accident and its implications, and family and social support.

Adaptation, Psychological↗