Biomedical subjects

C G Lazaro

Publications and source records attributed to C G Lazaro.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Residual plots for repeated measures.

Multivariate data are difficult to analyse partly because of difficulty in looking at the data. Repeated measures data have a special structure that makes the parallel plot particularly effective for viewing the data. In this paper we use parallel plots to display not just raw data but also residuals from standard models fit to repeated measures data. The plots are useful for determining how well a particular model fits the data, identifying outlying observations and suggesting terms missing from the linear predictor.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Incomplete data in repeated measures analysis.

Complete (or balanced) repeated measures data arise when all subjects in a study are measured at the same set of time points. Data are often incomplete, because measurements are missed, or the design of the study results in subjects being measured at different sets of time points. This article reviews methods of analysis for incomplete repeated-measures data of this form, from an applied statistician's perspective. Limitations of approaches that (a) ignore between-subject variation, or (b) impute for missing values are discussed. Two methods are advocated that are relatively easy to implement using existing software, namely between-subject analysis of within-subject summary measures, and maximum likelihood based on a model for the data. Methods are applied and compared on four real-data examples with varied analytical objectives.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

The relationship between patients' satisfaction with their physicians and perceptions about interventions they desired and received.

This study was designed to determine the relationship between patients' satisfaction with their physician, the types of interventions that patients reported they received, and the congruence between those interventions and the types of interventions they desired. One hundred eighteen symptomatic adult primary-care patients completed questionnaires before and after their respective medical visits. Patients who indicated they received any one of the three nontechnical interventions: education (P less than 0.001), stress counseling (P less than 0.05), and negotiation (P less than 0.01), were significantly more satisfied than those who had not received these interventions. Patient perceptions about receiving technical interventions, i.e., examination, tests, medications, and nondrug therapy, were not related to patient satisfaction. The congruence between patient-intervention desires and perceptions about interventions received generally were not significantly related to satisfaction except for the interaction between receiving a medication and postvisit-medication desires (P less than 0.001). A series of multiple regression analyses revealed that, in general, perceptions about nontechnical interventions were better predictors of patient satisfaction than perceptions about technical interventions.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Patients' Perceived Involvement in Care Scale: relationship to attitudes about illness and medical care.

This report describes the development of the Perceived Involvement in Care Scale (PICS), a self-report questionnaire for patients, and its relation to primary care patients' attitudes regarding their illnesses and the management of them. The questionnaire was administered to three independent samples of adult primary care patients. Patients' satisfaction and their attitudes regarding their illnesses are evaluated after their medical visits. This instrument is designed to examine three relatively distinct factors: 1) doctor facilitation of patient involvement, 2) level of information exchange, and 3) patient participation in decision making. Of these factors, doctor facilitation and patient decision making were related significantly to patients' satisfaction with care. Doctor facilitation and information exchange related consistently to patients' perceptions of post-visit changes in their understanding, reassurance, perceived control over illness, and expectations for improvement in functioning. The role of physicians in enhancing patient involvement in care and the potential therapeutic benefits of physician facilitative behavior are addressed.

Adult↗