Nephrotic syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
C G Taylor
Publications and source records attributed to C G Taylor.
Control of menorrhagia by the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors naproxen sodium and mefenamic acid.
Thirty-five patients with menorrhagia were treated in a double-blind crossover study with naproxen sodium and mefenamic acid after measurement of their blood loss during control menstrual cycles. Treatment with these compounds reduced the excessive bleeding by an average of 46 and 47% respectively. Drugs in the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor group are considered to have an important place in the treatment of menorrhagia.
Adolescent↗
Effects of retinoic acid on lipolytic activity of tumor cells.
Tumor-producing substances that promote lipolysis in vitro may also account for fat mobilization in cachectic cancer patients. Cachexia might improve if this lipolytic action of cancer cells could be halted. This study examined the lipolytic activities of media from four tumor cell lines after treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a cell differentiation inducer. An in vitro adipocyte bioassay measured lipolysis. All four tumor cell lines were intrinsically lipolytic, with elevated baseline lipolytic activities relative to fibroblast-conditioned controls (128% to 287% of control, p less than 0.05). After a 2-week exposure to RA in culture medium followed by 3 days of continued growth in fresh medium, two of four cell lines (both rat prostatic adenocarcinomas) showed significantly reduced lipolytic activities (16% and 61% of corresponding untreated controls, p less than 0.05). These reductions in lipolytic activity after RA treatment were not generalized phenomena; nor were they simply caused by cell differentiation, as the other cell lines (human malignant melanoma and human ovarian teratocarcinoma) showed no reductions despite evidence of cell differentiation. No effect on lipolytic activity was seen after only a 24-hour exposure to RA. We conclude that RA can affect the lipolytic activity of certain tumor cells in vitro, perhaps by influencing tumor-producing lipolytic factor(s).
Adenocarcinoma↗
Demonstration of lipolytic activity from cultured human melanoma cells.
Cancer bearing is often accompanied by debilitating cachexia manifested as body weight loss and derangements of host metabolism. We studied lipolytic (fat-mobilizing) activity and glycerol accumulation in culture media exposed to six different human cell lines. An in vitro adipocyte bioassay measured lipolysis. Media from three of four human melanoma cell lines demonstrated significantly elevated lipolytic activities (279-817% of fibroblast-exposed, control medium), as well as significantly more glycerol accumulation (276-1643% of fibroblast medium) which directly correlated with the increased lipolytic activity. Increased lipolytic activity and glycerol accumulation were not generalized phenomena seen with all growing tumor cells, as two cell lines (a human colon carcinoma and the fourth human melanoma line) demonstrated neither significantly increased lipolytic activity nor increased glycerol accumulation compared to fibroblast control medium. This study suggests that certain tumor cells are capable of transferring a lipolysis-promoting activity to the media which bathe them. This activity is demonstrable both as increased lipolytic activity in a bioassay of lipolysis, and as an accumulation of glycerol (an end product of triglyceride lipolysis), in the medium exposed to the growing cells. The tumor factor(s) responsible for this lipolysis-promoting activity may account for the fat wasting that often accompanies malignancy.
Carcinoma↗
Immunologic testing and immunotherapy in recurrent spontaneous abortion.
One hundred sixty-one couples with clinical histories of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions were analyzed in part for human leukocyte antigens, antibodies to paternal lymphocytes, and mixed lymphocyte culture reactions. All sera with antipaternal antibodies were investigated on a cell panel and absorbed with various tissues and heparin to help define antigenic specificities, and the couples were categorized as primary or secondary aborters. Primary but not secondary aborters were found to share more human leukocyte antigens with their mates than did 103 control fertile couples. Lymphocytotoxins were rarely identified in primary but were commonly present in secondary aborter sera. Results of mixed lymphocyte culture reactions with primary aborting couples showed an intrinsic cellular inability for the wives to recognize their husbands' cells. Secondary aborting couples' mixed lymphocyte culture reactions also were depressed but as a result of an inhibiting substance in the wives' sera. Thirty-three primary aborting women were treated by immunotherapy with leukocyte infusions as a prophylactic source of trophoblast-lymphocyte cross reactive antigen stimulation to immunologically protect their pregnancies. Eighty-nine percent of primary aborting patients delivered successfully. Six secondary aborting women were treated with heparin therapy; two of these delivered normal infants, two are pregnant, and two have aborted. Clinical implications for immunologic testing and immunotherapy in pregnancy failures are discussed.
Abortion, Habitual↗
Prevention of recurrent spontaneous abortions by leukocyte transfusions.
One hundred and thirty-nine couples referred because of recurrent abortions with no obvious cause were assessed for genetic similarity using the HLA major histocompatibility system. Comparison with 103 fertile control couples demonstrated that a much higher proportion of couples in the abortion group shared two or more HLA antigens. Using this criterion, 44 wives out of the 139 couples referred, when compared with a child-bearing group, appeared to share a greater than expected number of histocompatibility antigens and were therefore considered suitable for treatment. Twenty-eight wives have received treatment with white cell infusions from erythrocyte-compatible donors and so far they have delivered 17 babies plus 2 second babies. Another 3 wives are pregnant beyond their previous dates for abortions (1 first and 2 second pregnancies). There have been 5 failures (4 first pregnancy and 1 second pregnancy); one of these was treated a second time and has now successfully delivered. Seven couples are awaiting conception. Of the patients who have become pregnant, 81.5% have had successful deliveries. No adverse transfusion reactions have been observed.
Abortion, Habitual↗
Transferrin binding by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in human lymphomas, myelomas and leukemias.
Significantly more peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from 39 patients with lymphoma (p less than 0.001), myeloma (p less than 0.001), or leukemia (p less than 0.001-0.025) bind transferrin (Trf) than those of 23 normals. That Trf was bound to a receptor on these cells was shown by the inhibition of these cells bound to 125I-Trf with unlabeled Trf. The paucity of Trf receptors on PBM from normals and their presence on diseased cells prompt a suggestion that Trf receptors may offer a useful approach to the diagnosis and possible treatment of some blood dyscrasias.
Adult↗
Clinical, immunologic, and genetic definitions of primary and secondary recurrent spontaneous abortions.
Fifty couples with repeated pregnancy failures were grouped by clinical history as being primary (no children) or secondary (abortions subsequent to having children or stillbirths) aborters. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sharing between husband and wife and maternal antipaternal immunity were studied in both groups. Analyses showed significantly more HLA-A, B, and DR locus antigens shared in the primary abortion group than in the secondary abortion group (P = 0.01). The number of couples sharing two to five HLA antigens was higher for those couples with primary abortions than for secondary abortions (P = 0.009). Antipaternal immunity as measured by visual complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity (CDCE), by 51Cr release (CDC51Cr), and by complement-independent, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) assays was different between the two groups. CDCE was not present in the primary aborters' sera but was found in 13 of the 15 secondary aborters' sera (P = 0.0001). Similarly, ADCC was not apparent in primary aborters but was present in 14 of the 15 secondary aborters (P = 0.0001). CDC51Cr was detected in 3 of the 11 primary aborters and in 13 of the 15 secondary aborters (P = 0.008). Such differences in HLA sharing and immune reactivities between these two groups strengthen the idea that either inadequate or inappropriately vigorous maternal antipaternal immunity can be related to spontaneous abortions. These results uphold a central role for immunology in human reproduction and provide further support for the use of immunotherapy to prevent pregnancy losses in certain abortion-prone women.
Abortion, Habitual↗
The effect of low density polyethylene containers on some hospital-manufactured eyedrop formulations. II. Inhibition of the sorption of phenylmercuric acetate.
The presence of phosphate ions in solutions of phenylmercuric acetate inhibits the sorption of the preservative by low-density polyethylene eyedrop bottles. The extent to which sorption is inhibited depends upon the concentration of phosphate but does not appear to be temperature dependent. Phenylmercuric preservatives react with chloride ion to produce insoluble phenylmercuric chloride and should therefore not be used to preserve eyedrops containing chloride or hydrochloride salts.
Adsorption↗
The effect of low-dose heparin on blood loss at abdominal hysterectomy.
In a double blind trial, the effect of prophylactic low-dose subcutaneous heparin or saline on peri-operative blood loss was studied in 100 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Mean blood loss was 401 (SEM 75) ml and 246 (SEM 15) ml in the women who received heparin or saline, respectively. Coagulation studies were carried out during the pre- and post-operative phases in order to assess the contribution of any coagulation abnormalities to operative blood loss. In identifying patients at risk, platelet function tests were of some value.
Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
HLA-DR antigen grouping by use of monoclonal antibody probes: expansion of known groups, and mechanism of cytotoxicity blocking.
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Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Hereditary angioneurotic edema: report of case.
A case report in which the management of a patient with hereditary angioneurotic edema requiring oral surgery is presented. A review of the literature with emphasis on the clinical features, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment is also presented.
Adult↗
Ameloblastic fibroma: report of case.
A case of ameloblastic fibroma of the mandible in a 7-year-old girl is presented. The case is of interest because of the unusually large size of the lesion. The lesion was treated with conservative surgical enucleation. There has been no evidence of recurrence of the lesion during the 14-mongh postoperative period. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Air Force or the Department of Defense.
Ameloblastoma↗
Coccidioidomycosis involving the mandible: report of case.
We have presented a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis involving the mandible in a 47-year-old white man. A review of the literature has shown that coccidioidomycosis involving the jaws is an unusual, if not rare, entity. The pathogenicity of the disease and accepted treatment were discussed.
Coccidioidomycosis↗
Enteropathogenic E. coli gastroenterocolitis in neonates treated with fosfomycin.
The effect of calcium salt of fosfomycin in the treatment of 43 neonates suffering from acute gastroenterocolitis produced by enteropathogenic E. coli is evaluated. The minimal inhibitory concentration of these E. coli was, generally, lower than 128 mug/ml. Dosages of 150-200 mg/kg body weight/day were administered orally every 8 h. This treatment lasted for 4 days only. Clinical evolution was favorable in 38 (88%) babies and bacteriological evolution in 30 (70%). In eight cases a different flora to the initial was selected during the treatment with fosfomycin. None of the cases treated showed any toxic alteration attributed to the antibiotic.
Acute Disease↗
A "depth-independent" collimator for use with 99mTc in both conventional and transverse section scanning.
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Brain Diseases↗
A high-sensitivity, high-resolution, diverging collimator for use with low energy isotopes.
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Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
Conservative treatment of cysts of the jaws in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome:report of a case.
An 11-year-old girl had many features of the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Extensive cysts of the maxilla and mandible were treated with marsupialization and secondary enucleation that resulted in a gradual but significant response. Long-term observation will be necessary to detect the possible development of either basal cell carcinomas or the recurrence of odontogenic keratocysts.
Bone Cysts↗