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C Gallorini

Publications and source records attributed to C Gallorini.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Myocardial protection with and without leukocyte depletion: a comparative study on the oxidative stress.

We tested the hypothesis that controlled reperfusion with leukocyte-depleted blood could improve myocardial protection by reducing the oxidative stress in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Thirty-four patients receiving antegrade/retrograde blood cardioplegia were divided into: group A: 11 patients with ejection fractions (EF) less than 35%, treated with leukocyte-depleted controlled blood reperfusion, group B: 11 patients with EF less than 35% in whom no leukocyte depletion was performed, group C: 6 patients with EF more than 45% treated as group A and group D: 6 patients with EF more than 45% without leukocyte depletion. To asses the oxidative stress, we evaluated total, total oxidized (GSSX), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in coronary sinus plasma, immediately before cross-clamping the aorta (T0), and at 0 (T1), 15 (T2) and 30 (T3) min after unclamping it. In groups A and B a significant shift towards oxidation of redox status of glutathione (GSH/GSSX) at T1 vs T0 was observed. Glutathione redox ratio remained low in group B while in group A it returned to the basal value at T2 with a significant difference from group B at T2 and T3. No differences were observed between groups C and D. In conclusion, our data show that leukocyte-depleted reperfusion can afford a better myocardial protection in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, while it seems unnecessary in patients with normal EF.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Myocardial revascularization with bilateral internal thoracic artery in patients with left main disease: an incremental risk?

Although the long-term patency of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) has been well proved, there is still some concern about its preoperative performance. We considered 80 patients with left main disease (mean age 60.2 years) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in our institute from March 1988 to September 1992. Patients with left main disease were divided into 2 groups: group I-38 patients receiving only ITA grafts on the left coronary system and group II-42 patients having a single ITA graft together with saphenous vein grafts on the left coronary system. No patients in group I received a saphenous graft on the left coronary system and three patients with right coronary artery involvement received total arterial myocardial revascularization with the use of the inferior epigastric artery. Perioperative complications in group I and group II patients were, respectively: myocardial necrosis in 2 (6.9%) and 3 (8.8%), use of intraaortic balloon pump in 2 (6.9%) and 2 (5.9%). No death occurred in either group. In our experience, the use of bilateral ITA grafts in patients with left main stenosis was not related to an incremental risk. We conclude that left main disease should not be considered as counterindication to the extensive use of arterial conduits.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Measurement of cardiac troponin T and myosin to detect perioperative myocardial damage during coronary surgery.

This study evaluated the use of monitoring blood levels of the isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase, troponin T (tnT) and myosin in the detection of perioperative myocardial damage after coronary artery surgery. Serial blood samples were collected in 24 patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. The patients were retrospectively divided into three groups: group A with no changes in their electrocardiogram; group B showing non-specific signs of perioperative myocardial infarction such as deep and permanent T wave inversion; and group C with definite electrocardiographic signs of perioperative myocardial infarction (new persistent Q-waves and loss of R-waves). Group A (n = 17) demonstrated a mean(s.d.) troponin T peak blood level of 0.64(0.35) ng/ml at 12-24 h after surgery, a myosin peak of 1030(670) mu units/l at 3-6 days afterwards, and a creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme peak of 25.8(10.6) units/l. In group B (n = 5), mean(s.d.) troponin T levels were elevated to a peak of 4.8(3.9) ng/ml 24 h after intervention, while myosin rose to 2074(340) mu units/l 3-6 days after surgery and creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme reached 57.8(38) units/l. Group C (n = 2) had a mean(s.d.) troponin T peak of 4.8(2.6) ng/ml, a myosin peak of 2404(392) mu unit/l and a creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme peak of 88.5(20) units/l. Peak values of troponin T and myosin in groups B and C were statistically different from those in group A (P < 0.001). These results suggest that troponin T and myosin are reliable indicators of perioperative myocardial damage. In particular, troponin T may allow the differentiation of reversible from irreversible myocardial injury.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1993

Total arterial myocardial revascularization.

The superiority of the internal thoracic artery (ITA) compared with venous conduits in terms of late graft patency is nowadays well documented. The inferior epigastric artery (IEA) was recently proposed as an alternative conduit for coronary artery surgery with good early clinical and angiographic results. To improve the benefits from myocardial revascularization, we expanded the use of these arterial conduits. From June 1988 to December 1991, 615 patients underwent coronary surgery in our institute. In 138 of them (22.4%) we performed total arterial myocardial revascularization placing 2 or more coronary anastomoses. An average of 2.37 anastomoses per patient were placed with the maximum number of 6 in one case. Only one patient died of cardiac related causes (0.72%). Perioperative morbidity included myocardial infarction and sternal dehiscence in 5 patients each (3.6%). No stroke or reoperation for bleeding occurred. No rectus muscle necrosis was recorded. Accurate preoperative planning of graft placement allows for the performance of as many as 6 distal anastomoses using bilateral ITA and single IEA grafts only, thus completely revascularizing most of the hearts with three-vessel disease. In our series this procedure was not reflected in an increase in the perioperative morbidity. We choose an elective total arterial revascularization in younger (under 65 years) patients who, while showing a lower incidence of complications in our study, are likely to derive the highest benefits from the good durability of ITA and hopefully IEA grafts.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1993

Mitral valve prosthetic endocarditis: development of left ventricular-coronary sinus fistula following replacement.

We report the history and course of a patient in whom a left ventricular-coronary sinus fistula developed following mitral valve replacement due to prosthetic endocarditis. Six months after the intervention the patient suddenly presented with deterioration of her symptoms, holosystolic murmur and signs of congestive heart failure. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a left-to-right shunt but did not show its exact location. At surgery, exploration of the right atrium revealed a left ventricular-coronary sinus communication due to discontinuation of the left ventricular free wall next to the coronary sinus; repair of the defect was successfully performed by direct suture. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient recovered quickly. This case is reported to stress that debridement of the mitral annulus and removal of an old prosthesis must be very carefully performed and to facilitate the diagnosis of this rare but severe complication of repeated mitral valve replacement.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Aortic valve replacement in Cogan's syndrome.

Cogan's syndrome is a systemic vasculitis of autoimmunologic origin. The main disturbances involve the eye, the ear and the heart, but many other structures can also be affected. Nonspecific abnormal laboratory findings are also present. The disease usually involves a cranial nerve, followed by aortitis which can affect the aortic valve and, more rarely, the cusps of the valve. Aortic lesions strongly influence the course of the disease and therefore the prognosis. When choosing the type of valve replacement, long-term corticosteroid therapy and the age and sex of the patient must be taken into account.

Adult↗