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Biomedical subjects

C Gamble

Publications and source records attributed to C Gamble.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Presence and expression of Friend erythroleukemia virus-related sequences in normal and leukemic mouse tissues.

The nature and distribution of sequences related to the murine erythroleukemia virus, Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV), have been analyzed by using a radioactive cDNA probe specific for the SFFV genome (cDNA(sff)). From the proportion of high molecular weight viral [(32)P]RNA which hybridized to cDNA(sff), it was estimated that these sequences represent about 50% of the SFFV genome, indicating a genetic complexity of about 3300 nucleotides. cDNA(sff) hybridized extensively (80-95%) to SFFV virion RNA and to cellular RNA from murine and rat cells productively or nonproductively infected with SFFV. Only background homology was detected between cDNA(sff) and viral RNA from a number of murine [Friend murine leukemia virus (MuLV), Moloney-MuLV, and Kirsten sarcoma virus] and nonmurine (Rous sarcoma virus, feline leukemia virus, baboon endogenous virus, and Mason-Pfizer mammary tumor virus) retroviruses. Limited homology was also detected to a number of murine xenotropic and mink cell focus-inducing viruses (20-35%) as well as Rauscher leukemia virus (50%). Nucleotide sequences homologous to cDNA(sff) were also detected in the DNA of normal cells of several mouse strains as single or a few copies per cell. Thermal denaturation analysis indicated that duplexes formed between cDNA(sff) and normal DBA/2J cellular DNA have a reduction in melting temperature of 2 degrees C when compared with the dissociation of hybrids between cDNA(sff) and homologous sequences in SFFV-infected mouse spleen cell DNA. Examination of cellular RNA from uninfected mouse cells indicated that SFFV-related RNA sequences were also expressed in varying degrees in different tissues of adult DBA/2J mice. The highest amounts were observed in cells from bone marrow and spleen, whereas considerably lower amounts were found in cells from the thymus and kidney. No SFFV-related sequences could be detected in RNA extracted from liver, muscle, or fibroblasts. The presence of these SFFV-related sequences in normal, uninfected mouse cell DNA and their differential expression in hematopoietic tissues suggest that these sequences may be an integral part of the program of both normal and leukemic hematopoietic cell differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Drug information services in an oncology institution.

Information requests received over a 14-month period in the drug information service of an oncology hospital were reviewed. Requests were classified as to the nature of the question, category of requestor and geographical distribution of both questions and requestors. Inquiries were tabulated as either oncology-related or nononcology and further divided into one of 12 information categoreis. Those questions concerning investigational chemotherapy and unproven cancer remedies were tabulated. An average of 104 requests monthly were received. Prescribing practitioners accounted for 47.7% of all inquirers. Overall, 39.4% of total requests were oncology-related. The majority (72%) of total requests originated within the institution. The greatest number of requests (17.7%) were of a general review nature. The second greatest number (14.3%) were efficacy-related questions which solicited an opinion as to the appropriateness of drug use. Methods need to be developed for measuring the impact of drug information services on prescribing habits.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMed1975

Relation between lipophilicity and pharmacological behavior of minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, and oxytetracycline in dogs.

Four tetracyclines were studied in dogs to determine the relation between their lipophilicity and various other pharmacological characteristics. Lipid solubility correlated inversely with the mean concentration of drug in arterial plasma and renal uptake and excretion, and directly with the biliary concentration gradient (level in bile/level of free drug in serum). Only the more lipophilic congeners minocycline and doxycycline passed the blood-brain and blood-ocular barriers in detectable concentrations. Mean levels of minocycline in the brain exceeded those of doxycycline by almost threefold; the difference was of borderline statistical significance (P = 0.05 to 0.1). Lipophilicity correlated inversely with the concentration of antibiotic in renal medulla but not in renal cortex or in the liver. When intestinal loops containing saline, milk, or 10% Gelusil were studied, the only combination exhibiting striking intraluminal accumulation was doxycycline in milk. These results indicate that lipophilicity correlates with many, but not all, of the transport characteristics of tetracycline antibiotics.

Animals↗