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Biomedical subjects

C Gilles

Publications and source records attributed to C Gilles.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Immortalization of human cervical keratinocytes by human papillomavirus type 33.

Ten immortalized cell lines were established by transfection of human cervical keratinocytes (CK) with HPV-33 DNA and some of their characteristics were investigated. The following observations were made: (a) several cell lines have reached over 100 population doublings in vitro; (b) 3 transcripts were observed, 2 being encoded by the E6/E7 open reading frames (ORFs); (c) cytogenetic analyses showed important genetic modifications such as aneuploidy and isochromosome formation of the q arm of chromosome 8; (d) 2 of the 10 cell lines developed colonies in soft agar but none was able to form tumors when injected s.c. into nude mice; (e) Southern analysis suggested that a single copy of HPV-33 is integrated at a single common site within the genome of the 10 cell lines. These immortalized cell lines should be useful for studying mechanisms involved in proliferation, differentiation and neoplastic transformation of CK by HPV-33.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Controlled comparison of RO 11-1163 (moclobemide) and placebo in the treatment of depression.

Moclobemide was compared to placebo in two parallel groups of depressed patients, in a multicenter randomized, double-blind study of six weeks treatment duration. Forty seven patients participated in the study: 23 received moclobemide (flexible dose 300-600 mg/day) and 24 placebo. They were evaluated weekly for efficacy and tolerability. Moclobemide was more efficacious than placebo as judged by analysis on the total score on the Hamilton depression scale (p < 0.05) and by the overall assessment of efficacy (p < 0.01). Moclobemide was also more effective than placebo in the subgroup with neurotic depression (p < 0.05). In addition, the number of patients prematurely terminating treatment for inefficacy, was higher in the placebo than in the moclobemide group (12 versus 2, p < 0.01). The number and the severity of side-effects tended to be slightly greater in the moclobemide than in the placebo group, but this did not reach a level of significance. Cardiovascular tolerability was good in both treatment groups. No hypertensive crisis was reported. Hematology, clinical chemistry and urine analysis were not affected by the treatment in any clinically significant fashion.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between the cardiovascular effects and both plasma and myocardial levels of clentiazem, a new benzothiazepine calcium antagonist, in anesthetized dogs.

We evaluated the relationship between the cardiovascular effects of clentiazem (TA-3090), a new 1,5-benzothiazepine calcium antagonist with high lipophilicity, and both its plasma and myocardial concentrations. Anesthetized, open-chest dogs, instrumented for hemodynamic data recording and blood sampling, were divided into three groups treated with 15, 50, or 200 micrograms/kg of clentiazem, respectively, as an intravenous bolus. At the end of the protocol (240 minutes), myocardial samples were tested for clentiazem. The results indicated that the peripheral and coronary vasodilatory effects of clentiazem were dose dependent and closely related to its plasma concentrations. It was also observed that the minimal effective plasma concentration was in the range of 15-20 ng/ml. Sustained negative chronotropic effects were recorded at the highest dose only and were best related to the amount of clentiazem detectable in the myocardium, suggesting that myocardial clentiazem retention is a major factor governing its depressant cardiac impact.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Specificity of visual evoked potential alterations in Alzheimer's disease].

We have studied visual evoked potentials (VEP) in four groups: healthy young and aged subjects and aged patients suffering from depression or Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the flash modality, peak IV delay in AD patients as compared to aged controls corresponded to lengthened III-IV interlatency (IL). When AD and depressed patients were compared, peak IV delay in the former did not reach significance. Normal aging resulted in delayed peaks II and III, without IL modification. In the pattern reversal modality, no difference was observed between AD patients and aged, healthy or depressed controls. Aging delayed peaks P50 to P180. The abnormality exhibited by AD patients was specific to this group. However, the lack of significant difference between AD and depressed groups argues against the ability of VEP to differentiate those conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Moclobemide versus placebo in the treatment of depression: a multicentre study in Belgium.

Moclobemide was compared with placebo for antidepressant activity, tolerance and safety in 2 parallel groups of 23 and 24 depressed patients. At the end of treatment (4 weeks or longer), 9 patients on moclobemide (41%) showed an improvement greater than or equal to 50% on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, compared with only 4 (17%) of those on placebo. The overall assessment of efficacy was significantly better for moclobemide (good or very good results in 50% of patients) than for placebo (80% poor results). Moclobemide was well or very well tolerated by 85% of patients and placebo by 100%. Moclobemide was thus shown to be clearly more effective than placebo and only slightly less well tolerated.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Respecting the existence of a symptom in child psychiatry by physician].

The authors explain how they conceive the consultation of a child or an adolescent with psychological difficulties. The consultation must be centred on the relation and existence of the symptom. Indeed, the symptom has a particular significance within the psychological organization and expresses its transient period or permanent maladjustment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion in elderly patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and major depressive disorder.

This study was undertaken to assess the value of growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine as a tool in the differential diagnosis between depression and dementia. This response is known to be blunted in depression, and neurochemical changes observed in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) could lead to an up-regulation of GH secretion. No difference was observed between GH response in depressed and demented patients. Together with studies on GH basal secretion in Alzheimer's disease, this finding suggests that the final consequence of SDAT-related changes in an accentuation of the effects of aging on GH reactivity.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Cyclic AMP as an intraspheroidal differentiation signal in Volvox carteri.

The action of the macromolecular inducer glycoprotein on sexual reproduction in the green alga Volvox carteri can be modified by altering the external (intraspheroidal) cAMP concentration. Direct proof for the presence of cAMP in the spheroids is given. Protein binding assay and HPLC-fluorimetric analysis independently demonstrate the existence of cAMP in the matrix, cells, and culture medium. Its concentration is higher in sexual cultures, pointing to a transmitting function in sex induction. The presence in the matrix of other members of a protein phosphorylation system suggests an induction-specific signal cascade in this plant.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1984

Reduced cholecystokinin immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychiatric disorders.

The close relationship of cholecystokinin peptides with some of the dopamine pathways and the limbic system suggests a putative role for these peptides in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease, manic-depression and schizophrenia. By use of radioimmunoassay, we report a significant decrease in cholecystokinin-immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bipolar manic-depression and untreated schizophrenia in comparison to control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy as a cause of multiple intracerebral hemorrhages.

Clinical and pathologic findings in six autopsies and five biopsies of cerebral amyloid angiopathy associated with cerebromeningeal hemorrhages are presented. One patient had experienced a previous meningeal hemorrhage. Only two had chronic hypertension; the multiple fresh hematomas found in all the autopsied brains always spared the basal ganglia and brainstem, as did vascular lesions, which were mostly cortical and meningeal. Extensive lesions of Alzheimer's disease were found in the autopsied cases with dementia. The most significant feature for clinical diagnosis of hemorrhagic cerebral amyloid angiopathy is the presence of multiple hemorrhages in unusual locations in the absence of hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

CCK nerve terminals in the rat striatal and limbic areas originate partly in the brain stem and partly in telencephalic structures.

After direct injection of colchicine into the rat rostral caudateputamen, levels of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive (CCK-IR) material in this part of the nucleus are significantly lowered, and CCK-IR neuronal cell bodies are not demonstrable in the caudateputamen, although numerous ones are revealed in some adjacent telencephalic regions. Direct injection of kainic acid into the rostral caudate-putamen is not followed by a decrease of CCK-IR material in the lesioned region. Twenty one days after injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the rat ventral mesencephalon, a significant decrease of CCK-IR material is observed in the frontal pole, the pyriform cortex, the nucleus accumbens and the ventral mesencephalon itself, but not in the caudate-putamen. After brain stem hemitransection, no decrease in CCK-IR material is observed in the rostral caudate-putamen.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cholecystokinins in the central nervous system and neurohypophysis.

Research on digestive peptides in brain started in 1975 with the discovery of peptides of the gastrin-cholecystokinin family in the brain of various vertebrates. Cholecystokinin octapeptide is largely distributed in the brain and neurohypophysis and its mapping has recently been reported by various authors. An up to data table summarizing CCK mapping is included. Cholecystokinin coexists with dopamine in some mesencephalic neurones and with oxytocin in some hypothalamic neurones. CCK immunoreactive fibers have been detected in the anterior commissura and in the corpus callosum especially after its surgical sectioning. CCK immunoreactive cell bodies are present in the nucleus septum lateralis, the nucleus of the bed of the stria terminalis and the nucleus preopticus medialis especially after direct colchicine injection into the cerebral hemispheres. Cholecystokinin is of importance in structures related to various physiological functions such as motricity, sensory mechanisms, endocrine and limbic systems. Consequently it should be interesting to study cholecystokinins in neurological disorders and in psychiatric conditions.

Animals↗