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Biomedical subjects

C Giraud

Publications and source records attributed to C Giraud.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Implantable sites in cancerology. The percutaneous technique. Results of a homogeneous series of 141 cases].

Percutaneous implantation sites were used by the same operator in 141 patients (87 females and 54 males) with usually metastatic cancer. A titanium Districath implantable chamber and a 1.1 mm inner diameter silicone catheter were used. Percutaneous venous access was via the subclavian vein in 139 cases (98.6%). Mandatory safety measures were emphasized. Insertion was complicated by puncture of the subclavian artery in 6 cases (4.2%). There were no case with abscess, disunion, infection or death due to the method. The chamber was removed in 7 cases due to: 3 ruptures of the catheter, 2 septicaemias, 1 rejection reaction and 1 psychological intolerance. In our series, percutaneous implantation via the subclavian vein has been a reliable and rapid technique with little morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Site-specific integration by adeno-associated virus is directed by a cellular DNA sequence.

Different regions of an 8.2-kb cloned DNA segment containing the target for adeno-associated virus (AAV) integration in human chromosome 19q13-3-qter (AAVS1 locus) were subcloned in an Epstein-Barr virus-based shuttle vector and propagated as episomes in a derivative of the 293 human embryonic kidney cell line. Preferential recombination with an infecting AAV genome was assessed by measuring the frequency of recombinants among the shuttle vectors recovered in Escherichia coli. The signals which direct recombination with the AAV genome were localized to a 510-nt region at the 5' end of the 8.2-kb AAVS1 DNA. Hence, the results indicate that site-specific integration of AAV is directed by a specific DNA sequence on human chromosome 19. An unusual degree of DNA heterogeneity in the recovered vector was also associated with the 510 nt at the 5' end of AAVS1 DNA, suggesting that the AAV chromosomal integration locus may be involved in genomic instability.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Competition between baculovirus polyhedrin and p10 gene expression during infection of insect cells.

Polyhedrin and p10 genes are expressed concurrently during the late stage of infection. To determine whether any competition occurs between these two genes at a transcriptional and/or translational level, a series of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis recombinant viruses with deletions of promoter and coding sequences of the p10 or polyhedrin gene was constructed. Two modified baculoviruses with only one of the very late promoters, single late-promoter viruses AcSLP10 and AcSLP33, were made. The polyhedrin gene was used as a reporter gene to allow direct comparison between p10 and polyhedrin-driven expression. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis and [35S]methionine labeling experiments showed that polyhedrin synthesis is enhanced in cells infected with baculoviruses carrying only one very late promoter. However, this enhancement is more significant when the polyhedrin gene is located in its natural site. Dot blot hybridization experiments carried out with total cytoplasmic RNA showed that deletion of the p10 promoter resulted in an increase of mRNAs derived from the polyhedrin promoter. In contrast, no increase of p10-promoted mRNA was detected when the polyhedrin gene promoter was deleted.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Recanalization of occluded superficial femoral arteries using the rotational transluminal angioplasty catheter system (ROTACS).

A total of 85 occluded superficial femoral arteries were treated using the rotational transluminal angioplasty catheter system (ROTACS). The mean length of the occlusions was 7cm; 76% were uncalcified or only slightly calcified whereas 24% were calcified or highly calcified. The mean preoperative ankle:brachial index was 0.51. Primary success was achieved in 62 of 85 cases (73%). The mean length of reperfused occlusions was 6.2 cm: 26% of these lesions were calcified. The mean ankle:brachial index was 0.91. There were 23 primary failures (27%): reperfusion was impossible in 11 cases (including one complicated by perforation) and there were eight dissections, three cases where residual stenosis exceeded 50%, and one other unspecified failure. The mean length of these occlusions was 10.5 cm; 17% were calcified. Two patients developed a distal embolus and one died 10 days after reperfusion. The probability of primary patency of a reperfused artery was 44% at 1 year. Forty-two of the 62 patients who achieved primary success remained symptom free; the mean length of the original occlusion was 4.5 cm. Fifteen patients developed a new area of stenosis whereas five others exhibited new occlusion after a mean interval of 6 months. The mean length of these reperfused arteries was 9 cm. The probability of secondary patency at 1 year was 58%. Arterial calcification did not appear to influence the feasibility of reperfusion using the catheter. The main factor determining successful reperfusion was the length of the occlusal defect (P < 0.05). Reperfusion using the ROTACS did not improve the feasibility of reperfusion by conventional transluminal angioplasty.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The densovirus of Junonia coenia (Jc DNV) as an insect cell expression vector.

An infectious genome of the Junonia coenia densovirus (Jc DNV) has been recently cloned and sequenced. We investigated the ability of this cloned genome to be used as expression vector by inserting the lacZ gene of Escherichia coli as fusion gene in the major open reading frame (ORF 1) of the viral sequence. The resulting recombinant plasmid designated pBRJlac Z was transfected into insect SPC-SL 52 cells and the expression of beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) was detected qualitatively or quantitatively by using Xgal or ONPG as chromogenic substrates. Western blot analysis revealed that beta-gal was expressed as chimeric capsid-beta-gal polypeptides. This provided evidence that ORF1 codes for structural polypeptides which share a common C-terminal sequence. Construction of plasmids with alterations or deletions in ORF2, 3 or 4, allowed us to implicate nonstructural (NS) functions in viral DNA replication. Deletions in inverted terminal repeats or in NS functions did not abolish expression of capsid polypeptides but reduced it dramatically. Encapsidation of Jlac Z recombinant genome was achieved by trans-complementation with plasmids bearing intact structural and nonstructural functions. Detection of a beta-gal activity in SPC-SL 52 cells following several subcultures post-transfection suggests that Jlac Z recombinant genome could be maintained in an integrative or episomal state.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Nosocomial legionnaires' disease in a bone marrow transplant unit.

We report the outcome of nosocomial legionnaires' disease in three patients who were isolated in the same sterile unit after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. In all three cases the disease presented with dramatic pulmonary symptoms, and diagnosis was ascertained by direct immunofluorescence on bronchoalveolar fluids. None of the patients underwent seroconversion. This report draws attention to: (1) the fact that bacteriological filters do not ensure absolute security; (2) the need for frequent monitoring of the two factors governing legionella growth, water temperature and chlorination; and (3) the effectiveness of quinolones as a curative and prophylactic treatment of legionnaires' disease in transplanted patients avoiding pharmacological cyclosporin interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nephrotic syndrome associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an immunological and pathological study.

Three patients with B chronic lymphocytic leukemia and the nephrotic syndrome had atypical membranous glomerulonephritis or lobular membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with subepithelial and subendothelial deposits containing IgG1 kappa, IgG1 lambda or IgM and IgG by immunofluorescence, respectively. A monoclonal cryoglobulin was intermittently found in the serum in one case. In two patients, kidney deposits were made of organized microtubular structures. Intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin inclusions in the two patients' lymphocytes showed a very similar electron microscopic pattern. The immunologic phenotype of leukemic lymphocytes was analogous in the three cases (with expression of CD2) and suggestive of a late maturation step. A complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome was observed after therapy with chlorambucil (and prednisone). These observations suggest a direct role of monoclonal immunoglobulins in kidney disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Combined therapy interferon and chemotherapy in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

In view of the results achieved by others with interferons and also with low doses of Cytosine-arabinoside, we have treated 24 patients with IFN alpha 2a and Hydroxyurea for induction, with addition of low dose Ara-C during IFN maintenance therapy when the cytogenetic results were deemed insufficient. Complete hematological responses were obtained in 75% of the cases. Cytogenetic responses were noted in 83% of 12 previously untreated (complete or almost complete response in 3) and in 50% of previously treated patients (complete or almost complete response in 3 patients).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The decrease in thyroid hormones in CAPD is not explained either by iodine saturation or by dialysate loss].

Total T4, total T3 and TSH were measured in blood, urine and dialysate of 13 patients on CAPD. Iodine was measured in blood and urine. Free T4 and T3 were measured in blood only. Serum measurements revealed one true hypothyroidism, normal total T4, T3 and TSH for 12 patients, low free T4 and T3 with normal TSH for 9 patients. Iodine was slightly elevated for 3 patients. Urinary T4 and T3 were low. Dialysate T4 and T3 were low (T4 = 13, 6 nmol/24 H). Low free thyroid hormones are not relevant to iodine excess, nor to dialysate losses. Low free thyroid hormones may be considered as an endocrine dysfunction of chronic illnesses.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta. Review of the literature apropos of 4 cases].

The authors report 4 cases of abdominal aortic hypoplasia and, reviewing the literature, recall the anatomical classifications and the clinical aspects predominated by arterial hypertension and arterial claudication. Pathogenesis does not seem to be univocal and some arguments are in favor of a congenital origin when others plead for an acquired inflammatory disease. But above forty one must consider the possible responsibility of added atheroma. The numerous operative techniques point out the difficulties encountered in the treatment of the aortic lesions and associated arterial, mainly renal lesions. The polymorphism and complexity of these lesions oblige to vary the choice of indications.

Aorta, Abdominal↗