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Biomedical subjects

C Gong

Publications and source records attributed to C Gong.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Inhibition of TNFalpha attenuates infarct volume and ICAM-1 expression in ischemic mouse brain.

The purpose of our study was to determine whether inhibiting the action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) attenuates brain injury and reduces inflammatory responses in the mouse during ischemia and reperfusion. Mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h followed by 23 h reperfusion. Monoclonal neutralizing anti-murine TNFalpha antibody (mAb) was administrated intraventricularly in the mouse with temporary MCAO. Infarct volume in the anti-TNFalpha mAb treated mice was significantly smaller than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The number of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-positive vessels in the ischemic area of the anti-TNFalpha mAb-treated group was significantly less than that in the control group. Our study demonstrated that blocking TNFalpha reduced brain injury and attenuated ICAM-1 expression during transient cerebral ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Recent B2 element insertions in the mouse genome.

B2 elements are a family of short interspersed repeats that have amplified within rodent genomes. Recent mobility of only two individual B2 elements has been reported to date. We identified an additional recent B2 insertion occurring within intron 4 of the murine beta-glucuronidase gene (Gus-s) of the BalbC strain of mouse by analyzing orthologous loci of a nonrandomly selected B2 element. The basis of selection for the B2 element was its high level of sequence identity to the B2 consensus. The selected B2 element was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers to the unique flanking sequences from genomic DNA of several species and laboratory strains of mice. Our results demonstrated the presence of the selected B2 element only in the genome of Mus musculus BalbC strain. Cloning and sequencing of a representative sample of the products obtained confirmed the absence of the B2 element within this intron in addition to other variations in the sequence. The detection of the B2 element only in the BalbC strain suggests that the element recently inserted within this mouse population when the initial laboratory colony was formed. Sequence comparison of the two previously identified recent B2 inserts also shows a low divergence in relation to the B2 type II consensus. The data presented confirms that recently inserted B2 elements closely match their consensus sequence, potentially allowing for their identification.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Detection of K-ras mutations in resected primary leiomyosarcoma.

Mutation of the K-ras oncogene occurs frequently in human malignancy. However, there are few reports concerning K-ras mutations in soft-tissue sarcoma, including leiomyosarcoma. We therefore designed a study to determine the prevalence of mutations in the first exon of K-ras in leiomyosarcoma and to evaluate its prognostic potential. Fifty-one leiomyosarcomas were reviewed, and their diagnoses were confirmed on pathological review. Tissue blocks were retrieved, and new sections were prepared for confirmation of diagnosis. Additional tissue sections were used for DNA isolation. PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to detect K-ras mutations in the first exon of genomic DNA isolated from the specimens. Seven (14%) K-ras mutations were detected using DGGE. Subsequent sequencing of the K-ras gene from each of the mutated tumors confirmed the DGGE results in each case. The median survival for patients whose tumors did not contain mutations of K-ras was 42 months (n = 42) versus 25 months (n = 7) for those with mutations (P = 0.06). However, patients with stages I and II tumors had a median survival of 82 months (n = 28) compared to 28 months for those with stages III and IV disease (n = 20, P = 0.02). The results suggest that K-ras codon 12 mutations are uncommon in leiomyosarcoma; however, when such mutations are found, there is a trend toward worse survival. Furthermore, the data confirm that stage is a significant prognostic indicator.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The accuracy of color Doppler flow imaging for the detection of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients.

To evaluate the ability of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) to detect deep venous thrombosis (DVT), which is difficult to diagnose clinically, 67 limbs of 60 patients who presented with clinical signs strongly indicative of DVT during the period between June 1988 and June 1992, were examined. The iliac, common femoral, and superficial femoral veins were assessed with the patient in the supine position, and the popliteal vein was examined with the patient prone. Gentle but firm compression with the transducer probe was used to test for the presence of DVT. Ascending contrast venograms were also obtained within 24 h after the ultrasound procedure, with venography being used as the standard for comparison with CDFI. DVT was identified in 63 limbs by contrast venography and in 62 limbs by CDFI. The sensitivity and specificity of CDFI were 98.4% and 100%, respectively, while the positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 80%, respectively. The thromboses were classified into three patterns: the filling type, the local type, and mural thrombus, detected in 63%, 27%, and 10%, of the limbs respectively, with the filling type being the most common in this series. The results of our study illustrated that CDFI is highly sensitive and specific for detecting symptomatic DVT and that it should be gradually substituted for venography in such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Sixty years of study on Chinese military medicine].

Before Liberation, the study on Chinese military medicine is a virgin land. Since 1949, preliminary investigation has been made in ancient military medicine in China. Unfortunately, the study is rather superficial in the definition, scope and division of historical period of the ancient military medicine. PLA used to pay attention to the investigation and systematization and many reminescences, original articles and monographs have been published. In view of the lack of systematization in this field, the Ministry of Health of General Logistics Department, PLA, organized, in 1988, experts and professors of military medicine, together with administrators, scientific cadres, to compile Chinese History of Military Medicine which was completed in 1994, to be published soon.

China↗
PubMed1996

The decompensated detrusor II: evidence for loss of sarcoplasmic reticulum function after bladder outlet obstruction in the rabbit.

PURPOSE: While it may lack the classic morphological pattern in striated muscle systems, there is ample evidence that smooth muscle also contains sarcoplasmic reticulum. These intracellular storage sites release calcium into the cytosol to generate contractile force in response to various stimuli. A major component of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is an adenosine triphosphate dependent ion pump, which serves to drive free calcium out of the cytosol back into this intracellular reservoir. This ion pump serves to maintain the intracellular calcium storage sites, and also as a marker of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Muscle strip studies were performed to stratify the data into 3 major groups (controls, and compensated and decompensated obstructions) based on physiological performance. These were correlated with biochemical and molecular determinations of sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum calcium, magnesium-adenosinetriphosphatase expression. RESULTS: Our results demonstrate a remarkable loss of sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum calcium-adenosinetriphosphatase activity in the decompensated group and a moderate loss in the compensated group. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide molecular support for our previous physiological studies in which we demonstrated an important role for intracellular calcium storage and release with normal bladder smooth muscle function. These data strongly support our contention that contractile dysfunction in bladder smooth muscle following outlet obstruction is partially mediated by changes in the mechanisms of intracellular calcium homeostasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Application of toxic substances in ancient Chinese Army].

Application of toxic substances as a weapon began in the Spring-Autumn Period. In 677 B.C. the people of Sui dropped poisons into water to expel army from Qi State. During the period of cold weapon in addition to toxic fumigation, poisons were also spread on spears, swords and arrows. Recipes for anti-toxic arrows were recorded in Chen Yanzhi's Xiao-pin-fang of the Western Jin Dynasty, Liu Juan-zi's Gui-Yi-fang of the Liu-Song Dynasty, Jin-chuang-mi-chuan-jin-fang of the Yuan Dynasty. As a rule, toxication through natural sources were emphasized as described in Tai-bai-yin-jing of the Tang Dynasty, etc, including selection of camping sites, quality of water supply. It was also mentioned that the general of an army should despatch order for antitoxicity during travelling.

Antidotes↗
PubMed1994

Ontogeny of the ryanodine receptor in rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle.

Bladder smooth muscle contraction is mediated by both direct calcium entry through the cell membrane, and by calcium induced calcium release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) storage sites. Ryanodine is a neutral plant alkaloid which binds to an ion channel located on the SR membrane. Its effects in cardiac skeletal muscle are well characterized where it inhibits the efflux of intracellular calcium stores, and thus it serves as a negative inotrope. It has also been shown that in the developing rabbit myocardium, there is a gradual increase in the expression of this ion channel. Little has been written about the expression and function of the ryanodine sensitive ion channel in smooth muscle. Recently we have shown that neonatal rabbit bladder smooth muscle is not very sensitive to ryanodine, while that from mature rabbits is extremely sensitive. This leads us to quantify the expression of the ryanodine sensitive ion channel. In this paper we demonstrate that the Kd values do not change to any significant degree with normal rabbit bladder development. However the Bmax values for 3 day, 2, 4, 6, and 8 week rabbit bladder smooth muscle are 7, 10, 15, 29, and 44 fmol specifically bound ryanodine/mg protein. The differences between the neonatal groups and the mature groups are significant (P < 0.5). This increase in ryanodine sensitive ion channel expression with normal growth would suggest that with normal maturation, the bladder smooth muscle cell acquires an increased pool of sequestered intracellular calcium. This would follow a similar pattern of development that has already been described in rabbit myocardium.

Aging↗
PubMed1994

Developmental aspects of excitation contraction coupling of rabbit bladder smooth muscle.

There is growing evidence that smooth muscle function changes with normal development. In this study a Scatchard analysis revealed that the binding of 3H-ryanodine changed from 6.6 fmol./mg. protein in 3-day-old rabbits to 44 fmol./mg. protein in 8-week-old rabbits (p < 0.05) with no associated developmental changes in the dissociation constants. The physiological findings using muscle strip techniques correlate well with these findings in that the neonatal bladders are far less sensitive to ryanodine than their mature counterparts. In contrast, nifedipine inhibited contractility in the neonatal group to a much greater degree than the mature group. These biochemical and physiological findings support our contention that the mechanism for excitation contraction coupling changes with normal development. Contraction in neonatal rabbit bladder smooth muscle is more dependent upon the influx of extracellular calcium and with normal maturation mechanisms for intracellular calcium storage and release begin to predominate.

Animals↗