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Biomedical subjects

C Gould

Publications and source records attributed to C Gould.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

How have patients reacted to the implications of the DCCT?

OBJECTIVES: To assess the reactions of people with insulin-treated diabetes (ITD) to the results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A leaflet documenting the purpose and results of the DCCT was circulated to all 771 patients ages 15-60 years with ITD attending our clinic. Patients were invited to complete and return a questionnaire on their responses. RESULTS: Of 550 respondents, 330 felt encouraged to improve glycemic control. Female respondents (P = 0.003) and younger age-groups (15-25 years, P = 0.001) were most likely to want to improve control. Patients with long duration of diabetes (> 20 years, P = 0.00001), hypoglycemia unawareness (P = 0.0001), or previous severe hypoglycemia (P = 0.001) were less likely to want to improve their control. Fear of hypoglycemia concerned all age-groups, whereas female respondents were most likely to be worried about the potential for weight gain (P = 0.00006). CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of the results of the DCCT encourages significant numbers of patients to want to improve glycemic control. Fear of hypoglycemia and, in women, weight gain may prove significant impediments to the clinical implementation of the results of the DCCT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome: clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization.

The microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome (MIM 309801) is a severe developmental disorder observed in XX individuals with distal Xp segmental monosomy. The phenotype of this syndrome overlaps with that of both Aicardi (MIM 304050) and Goltz (MIM 305600) syndromes, two X-linked dominant, male-lethal disorders. Here we report the clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization of 3 patients with this syndrome. Two of these patients are females with a terminal Xpter-p22.2 deletion. One of these 2 patients had an aborted fetus with anencephaly and the same chromosome abnormality. The third patient is an XX male with Xp/Yp exchange spanning the SRY gene which results in distal Xp monosomy. The extensive clinical variability observed in these patients and the results of the molecular analysis suggest that X-inactivation plays an important role in determining the phenotype of the MLS syndrome. We propose that the MLS, Aicardi, and Goltz syndromes are due to the involvement of the same gene(s), and that different patterns of X-inactivation are responsible for the phenotypic differences observed in these 3 disorders. However, we cannot rule out that each component of the MLS phenotype is caused by deletion of a different gene (a contiguous gene syndrome).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Neisseria gonorrhoeae in asymptomatic prepubertal household contacts of children with gonococcal infection.

This report describes the occurrence of gonococcal infection among prepubertal household contacts of children younger than 12 years of age. The records of 14 index cases (12 females and 2 males) reported during the period January 1979 and June 1983 were reviewed. Among 31 asymptomatic contacts of 10 index cases, nine (29%) had positive cultures (5 females and 4 males). Three were siblings of the index cases, and six were other children in the index households. The predominant site of positive cultures was the throat (7/9). This high recovery rate of gonococci among young asymptomatic household contacts makes clear the need for aggressive surveillance of prepubertal household contacts of children with gonococcal infection, and the importance of culturing all three sites, e.g., vagina/urethra, rectum, and throat.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Effect of antihistamines and antiallergic drugs on responses to allergen and histamine provocation tests in asthma.

The inhibition of immediate allergen or histamine induced airflow obstruction by inhaled ketotifen, clemastine, sodium cromoglycate, and placebo was studied in two groups of asthmatic subjects. Single doses of ketotifen (0.5 mg), clemastine (0.5 mg), sodium cromoglycate (20 mg), or placebo were administered by inhalation 45 minutes before bronchial provocation testing at weekly intervals, double blind and in random order. Inhalation of ketotifen and clemastine, but not sodium cromoglycate, caused an increase in the amount of histamine which had to be administered to cause a 20% fall in FEV1 from control levels (PD20-FEV1) compared with placebo. The PD20-FEV1 for allergen increased significantly after inhalation of clemastine and sodium cromoglycate. Clemastine, primarily an H1 receptor antagonist, inhibited airflow obstruction after inhalation of both histamine and allergen. Its inhibitory effect on allergen induced asthma did not differ significantly from that of sodium cromoglycate. Ketotifen, when inhaled in a single dose of 0.5 mg before bronchial provocation testing, showed potent antihistamine activity, but there was no evidence of any additional "antianaphylactic" activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recreational drug use concurrent with abuse or dependence on other psychoactive substances.

In an effort to identify instances of the non-problematic use of a drug concurrent with the problematic use of one or more other drugs, we used structured interviews to obtain comprehensive drug use histories from 48 clients admitted to an intensive outpatient program. We classified clients on the basis of whether they demonstrated evidence of concurrent problematic and non-problematic drug use (Index and Probable Index cases) or only problematic drug use patterns (Non-Index cases). Both Index and Non-Index drug use patterns were about equally common in our sample. Both Index and Probable Index cases used a variety of drugs in a non-problematic manner and were generally congruent in their self-labelling of their drug use relative to their DSM-IV status for each drug used. We discuss several limitations of the study, including our reliance on retrospective, self-report data; potential problems with generalization to other populations; and possible changes in drug use patterns over time.

Adult↗