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Biomedical subjects

C Grande

Publications and source records attributed to C Grande.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Levels of insulin in the brains of rats modified by chronic administration of amphetamine, haloperidol and sulpiride.

Rats treated with two classic neuroleptic drugs at therapeutic doses, haloperidol (0.05 mg/kg/day i.p.) and sulpiride (3 mg/kg/day i.p.) showed a marked decline in cerebral levels of insulin (0.085 +/- 0.02 ng/g and 0.120 +/- 0.04 ng/g wet weight respectively) compared to the control group (0.383 +/- 0.05 ng/g wet weight), while rats given D-amphetamine bitartrate chronically (20 mg/kg/day p.o.) showed an increase in cerebral insulin (0.55 +/- 0.04 ng/g wet weight). Combining treatment with each neuroleptic drug and amphetamine, at the same doses, produced a significant decrease in cerebral levels of insulin (P less than 0.001) as in the amphetamine animals. In the groups of rats treated with haloperidol, sulpiride and both of these drugs combined with amphetamine, there was a slight increase in levels of serum insulin, more so in the neuroleptic groups. Serum glucose values did not vary.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1983

[Action of alkaloids from podophyllin on the response of pancreatic beta-cells of the rabbit to tolbutamide].

Some antineoplastic agents alter the microtubular-microfilamentous system involved in insulin release. The authors studied the effect of the podophyllotoxin derivate VM-26 and the epipodophyllotoxin derivative VP-16-213 on the insulin release by the pancreatic beta-cell after tolbutamide stimulation. VP-16-213 produced a slowing and partial inhibition of insulin release, and VM-26 inhibited the late stage of insulin release.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Relation of kidney size to kidney function in early insulin-dependent diabetes.

Renal function and renal size have been studied in ten early insulin-dependent diabetic patients and in ten matched control subjects. Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and radiological kidney size were determined in each subject. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were increased in diabetics (mean +/- SD: 169.6 +/- 16.1 and 690.1 +/- 52.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively) compared with controls (120.6 +/- 9.7 and 605.9 +/- 67.2 ml/min/1.73 m2; p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.01). Calculated kidney weight corrected to 1.73 m2 of body surface area was elevated in diabetics (385.2 +/- 29.0 g) with respect to controls (277.5 +/- 17.5 g; p less than 0.001). No significant differences were found between diabetics and control subjects when glomerular filtration rate was expressed per gram calculated kidney weight, while renal plasma flow was significantly lower in diabetics than control subjects when so expressed (p less than 0.01). A positive correlation was found between glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and kidney size in both controls and diabetics (p less than 0.01 in all cases). These findings support the conclusion that in the early state of diabetes glomerular hyperfunction is related to enlargement of the kidneys and augmented renal plasma flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Renal tubular function and urinary acidification capacity in early juvenile diabetes.

Renal elimination of uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride and magnesium and urinary acidification capacity were determined in ten insulin-dependent diabetics and in ten matched control subjects. The diabetics showed excessive excretion of uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride and ammonia. Sodium, chloride and ammonia excretion fractions was also increased with respect to controls. The enhanced excretion of these substances in diabetics failed to relate to glomerular filtration rate, glycosuria or insulin requirements. These findings might be explained on the basis of glomerular filtration rate elevation, tubular response to this increment, and the underlying metabolic disturbances of diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nasolacrimal polyurethane stent: complications with CT correlation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate initial results in patients with epiphora secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct treated by placement of a polyurethane stent, and to discuss the technical problems and complications arising during the procedure, with visualization of the anatomy of the drainage apparatus using computed tomography (CT). METHODS: We inserted 20 polyurethane Song stents under fluoroscopic guidance after dacryocystography in 19 patients with grade 3-4 epiphora caused by idiopathic obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. CT scans were obtained following stent placement in all patients. RESULTS: We focus on the technical problems and complications that arose during these procedures. During negotiation of the guidewire past the obstruction at the level of the junction of the duct with the lacrimal sac, the guidewire created a false passage in a posterior suborbital direction in two cases and towards the posterior midline in another. In all cases the guidewire was withdrawn and reinserted through the proper anatomic route without further difficulty or complications. In two cases the stent was improperly positioned wholly or partially outside the nasolacrimal system (one medially, one posteriorly). In one case the stent was removed and reinserted; in the other it remains in place and functional. CT was performed in all these cases to ensure proper anatomic alignment and determine what had gone wrong. The epiphora was completely resolved in 13 cases and partially relieved in four; there were three cases of stent obstruction. Epistaxis of short duration (1 hr) occurred in seven patients and headache in one. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of epiphora with polyurethane stents is a technique that is well tolerated by patients and achieves a high success rate, yet problems in placement may be encountered. Though no major consequences for patients are involved, cognizance of such difficulties is important to avoid incorrect positioning of stents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management and outcome of liver recipients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The possibility of development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease by patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy is well known. However, elective treatment and outcome remain controversial. We reviewed the management and outcome of our patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. METHODOLOGY: Records of 457 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from 1986 to 1997 were analyzed. Patients who developed post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease were reviewed retrospectively. Incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors and outcomes were examined with special emphasis on ductopenic rejection and hilum involvement. RESULTS: Eleven patients developed a post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (2.4%). These were B-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus-associated in all cases. Five patients (45.5%) received monoclonal antibodies or antithymocyte globulin. Seven patients (63.6%) developed a lymphoproliferative disease before 9 months post-transplant and 4 recipients (36.4%) after 20 months. No late lymphomas regressed after withdrawal from immunosuppression. Six patients (54.5%) were treated with chemotherapy. Eight patients (72.7%) had a tumoral remission. Five patients (45.5%) developed chronic rejection after immunosuppressant discontinuation. Four of them died as a consequence of ductopenic rejection and retransplantation was required in another; 2 died due to graft hilum infiltration. Five patients (45.5%) are alive after a follow-up of 36.5 +/- 32 months (range: 4-77 months). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease require a close follow-up in order to promptly treat conditions that could lead to death. In our series, these were more closely associated with a failing transplanted organ than with the lymphoma itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparation and characterisation of membranes with entrapped TiO2 and preliminary photocatalytic tests.

The possibility of entrapping polycrystalline TiO2 in a polymeric support, in order to couple the two unit operations, i.e. ultrafiltration and photodegradation of organic pollutants in aqueous solutions, was investigated. To this aim, polymeric membranes for ultrafiltration with entrapped TiO2 were prepared, characterised and tested. The polymeric support chosen was commercial polysulfone (PSf). The membrane preparation was carried out with the technique referred to as phase inversion. A three-component system, with a polymer, a solvent and a non-solvent was used. The best operative conditions were determined in order to obtain the desired membrane morphology. Permeability measurements and photostability tests were also carried out by using a system under pressure. Finally, a preliminary investigation was performed in order to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the membranes with entrapped TiO2 for the oxidation of 4-nitrophenol as a model molecule in aqueous solutions.

Catalysis↗