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Biomedical subjects

C Grataloup

Publications and source records attributed to C Grataloup.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Diagnostic approach of pulmonary embolism by spiral angioscanner].

Spiral volumetric computerized tomography (CT) allows the exploration of the whole chest during a single contrast injection and breath-hold. For the diagnosis of central pulmonary embolisms, the sensibility is between 78 and 98% and the specificity between 86 and 94% depending on the direct visualization of the endoluminal defect. Detection of intercurrent parenchymal pathologies or of non-obstructive arterial thrombi explain some false positive or inconclusive results of the ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Sub-segmental thrombi are less easily detected and sensibility for both central and sub-segmental embolisms is only 63%, explaining some rare false negatives of the CT on isolated sub-segmental embolisms. Chronic thrombi are outlying and contiguous with the arterial wall. They are associated with arterial stenosis, cut-off and loops and an oligemic mosaic pattern of the parenchyma. CT allows pre-operative staging before surgical recanalization and the intra-venous injection does not interfere with the arterial pressure. CT is a non-invasive, reliable and easily available technique which clearly plays an important role in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

Angiography↗
PubMed1996

Reproducibility of coronary calcification detection with electron-beam computed tomography.

If coronary calcification scores obtained with electron-beam computed tomography (EBT) were proved to be correlated to coronary atherosclerosis, the reproducibility of the technique had to be assessed before being used for patient follow-up. A total of 150 patients, selected as a result of a cholesterol screening programme, were studied by EBT. Twelve contiguous 3-mm-thick transverse slices beginning on the proximal coronary arteries were obtained through the base of the heart. The amount of calcium was evaluated as the calcified area weighted by a coefficient depending on the density peak level. The value was expressed as a logarithmic scale. Intra-observer, inter-observer and inter-examination reproducibilities were calculated. They were 1.9, 1.3 and 7.2%, respectively. These results were good enough to allow the use of EBT for longitudinal studies. The influence of acquisition and calculation conditions on score computation were also analysed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

[Electron canon computed tomography. Technique and clinical applications in cardiac imaging].

Electron Beam CT (EBCT) was initially devoted to both dynamic and morphological cardiac studies. ECG gated slices acquired in 100 milliseconds produce cardiac images without motion artefacts. Intracavitary tumors and thrombus are clearly detected and EBCT contributes to the stagging and follow-up of masses. Exploration of congenital abnormalities such as pulmonary atresia can be performed even in newborns. EBCT allows the diagnosis of tiny modifications of coronary arteries, endocardium or pericardium. EBCT offers a new modality of cardiac imaging which gives complementary informations to other modalities.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Angioscanner analysis using Imatron C100 in 44 cases of hepatic tumors].

We studied 44 patients with focal benign (n = 13) or malignant (n = 31) liver tumors prouved by histology or follow-up. The flow mode was acquired by electron beam CT (EBCT) after injection (35 cc at 6 ml/sec): 20 slices with a 400 ms exposure time. We looked for abnormal vessels and density curves inside the tumor, liver and aorta. We describe arterial vascularization in most cases (type 1) and particularly in all the hepatocarcinomas (n = 15) associated with abnormal vessels, and also in rare tumors (n = 4). For benign lesions like angiomas (n = 9) we showed surrounding the mass arterial vascularization in add to the typical aspect (type 3); for nodular hyperplasia (n = 3) arterial blush was associated with the last part of the tumoral curve at the same level as liver. Most often metastasis (n = 13) had no central vascularization and a slight peripheral density increased (type 2). Flow mode by EBCT allows a good density curves analysis particularly at arterial time.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The transplanted kidney. Role of imaging in early non-functioning grafts].

Renal failure following transplantation can be classified in two groups: initial non function characterized by the absence of renal function after transplantation and delayed secondary non function after an initial improvement. In the first group, the most frequent etiology is an acute tubular necrosis (30 to 50% of the cases) which usually heals within three weeks. Arterial thrombosis are rare but of very bad prognosis. In the second group, the most frequent cases are acute rejection, urological complications, renal artery stenosis, urinary infections and cyclosporine, intoxication. Diagnostic imaging, and especially the color Doppler flow, is very effective in obtaining diagnosis. Vascular or urological complications are to be confirmed by contrasted opacifications. In the absence of vascular or urological obstruction renal failure must be related to a renal parenchymal disease. This may be acute tubular necrosis, a rejection, a pyelonephritis or a medicinal intoxication depending on clinical symptoms, the time of their apparition and the results of biological examinations.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

[Biliary cystadenocarcinoma. Apropos of a case].

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma is rare biliary ductal neoplasm, usually occurring in middle-aged women, which arises in a healthy liver, with a better prognostic than other malignant tumors of the liver. We report a new case documented by echography, CT scan and MR. Echography showed multiple heterogeneous and septate masses with fluid-fluid level and dilatation of the intra-hepatic biliary ducts. CT showed multilocular cystic masses with internal septa and papillary excrescences showing contrast enhancement and no calcification. MR displayed a rather intense and variable signal in some parts of the masses on T1 weighted images, flasching on T2 weighted images, corresponding to a hemorrhagic fluid, confirmed by surgery. On T1 weighted images after gadolinium administration, the masses were less well visualized.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗