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Biomedical subjects

C H Gray

Publications and source records attributed to C H Gray.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Elective cancer education: how effective from the public health viewpoint?

An elective cancer education course at a public university attracted twice as many women as men. Course information was disseminated to an average of eight people by each student. The course seemed reasonably effective in stimulating positive behavioral changes. According to self-report, dietary fat was reduced by 47 per cent of women and 49 per cent of men. Fiber intake was increased by 48 per cent of women and 36 per cent of men. Breast self-examination was initiated by 36 per cent of previous nonperformers: and testicular self-examination, by 23 per cent.

Breast↗
PubMed1984

Retardation of brain growth of guinea pigs by hyperthermia: effect of varying intervals between successive exposures.

Guinea pigs were exposed to a temperature of 42.5-43.5 degrees C on three occasions between days 20 and 23 of pregnancy. In the first experiment, groups of mothers were exposed at intervals of 18-30 hr. Each exposure ended when the deep rectal temperature had been over 43 degrees C for 6 min and mean temperatures were 43.2-43.4 degrees C. Micrencephaly was found in 78% of heated newborn offspring, the mean brain weights of all groups being significantly less than controls. In the heated groups, the brain weights were reduced significantly as the interval between exposures decreased. Abnormalities other than micrencephaly were found in 10% of heated offspring and included exomphalos, clubfoot, and hypodactyly. In the second experiment, groups of mothers were exposed for 1 hour at intervals of 6-20 hr. The mean temperatures of heated groups were 42.6-42.9 degrees C. The mean brain weights of all groups of heated newborn were significantly reduced and micrencephaly was found in 61% of newborn. Brain weights were reduced significantly as mean maternal temperature increased. There was a significant interaction between the level of temperature elevation and the interval between exposures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Concerning the structure of photobilirubin II.

Evidence is presented which supports the postulate that the photobilirubins IIA and IIB are diastereoisomers in which the C-3 vinyl group has cyclized intramolecularly. The evidence comes principally from proton n.m.r. spectroscopy at 400 MHz and from chemical considerations. The cyclic structures require the E-configuration at the C-4 double bond in the precursor; this is the first structural evidence for the Z leads to E isomerization in bilirubin and supports the view that the precursor (photobilirubin IA or IB) is (4E, 15Z)-bilirubin. Brief irradiation of photobilirubin II gives bilirubin, a new compound (photobilirubin III) and unchanged starting material. The various photoisomers are discussed in terms of their inter-relationships and biological fates.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1981

High-performance liquid chromatography of bile pigments: separation and characterization of the urobilinoids.

The detailed analysis of faecal bile pigments by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. Non-aqueous reversed-phase systems with acetonitrile-dimethyl sulphoxide or acetonitrile-dimethyl sulphoxide-methanol as the mobile phase on C1, C8 or C18-bonded silica are used for the group separation of verdinoids, violinoids and urobilinoids. A silica column, with acetonitrile-water-tetraethylene-pentamine as mobile phase, separates the laevorotatory stercobilin (C33H46N4O6) and half-stercobilin (C33H44N4O6) from the optically inactive urobilin (C33H42N4O6). The diastereoisomers are resolved by converting the urobilinoids into their dimethyl esters before chromatography on a silica column with n-heptane-methyl acetate-methanol containing 1% of diethylamine as the solvent system.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1977

Automated urinary steroid profiles by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography and a computing integrator.

13 Urinary steroid metabolites have been determined by automated gas-liquid chromatography with a 20-m glass capillary column and a computing integrator. Concentrations up to 2 mg/24 h computed by the integrator compare well with those obtained by peak height measurements. At higher concentrations discrepancies occurred, paticularly for the C21 steroids where falsely low values were calculated using peak heights. Mean excretion by healthy males and females of seven steroid metabolities is presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

The differentiation of the porphyrias by means of high pressure liquid chromatography.

The analysis of faecal and urinary porphyrins by high pressure liquid chromatography (H.P.L.C.) provides characteristic profiles and facilitates rapid diagnosis of variegate (porphyria cutanea tarda hereditaria), symptomatic porphyria (porphyria cutanea tarda symptomatica), hereditary coproporphyria, acute intermittent porphyria, erythro-hepatic protoporphyria and congenital porphyria (erythropoietic porphyria).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1977

The preparation and characterization of bile pigments.

Brief reduction of bilirubin with dilute sodium amalgam was shown to give chromogens containing both vinyl and ethylidene beta-substituents. Acid-catalysed rearrangement of these chromogens with bilirubin or mesobilirubin and subsequent dehydrogenation gave a range of new violins containing unconjugated ethylidene and vinyl substitutents. Rearrangements between mesobilirubinogen, bilirubin and mesobilirubin gave dihydrobiliviolins, mesobiliviolins, biliverdins, dihydrobiliverdins and mesobiliverdins of the IIIalpha, IXalpha and XIIIalpha series. In this way 30 compounds were prepared, purified by t.l.c. as dimethyl esters, and characterized by n.m.r., mass and electronic spectroscopy, and by chemical interconversion and degradation.

Bile Pigments↗
PubMed1975

Ribosome function in livers of porphyric mice.

1. A porphyrinogenic drug, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine, caused a decrease in the proportion of single ("run off") ribosomes, and an increase in the number of polyribosomes, in the livers of treated animals. 2. No change could be detected in the distribution of amino acid incorporation among hepatic polyribosomes.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1974

Implementation of a British computer system for laboratory data handling.

This paper describes the development and implementation of a small real-time British computer system for the handling of patient and test result data in the chemical pathology laboratories of the King's Health District (Teaching). Work destined for subsequent reporting by the computer system is entered by continuous on-line teletype. Test result data from multichannel analyzers are input using an on-line trace reader. Cumulative reports are printed both by line printer at the central laboratory and by on-line teletypes at two peripheral hospital laboratories. In a working day over 4000 new items of data are generated and 300-500 reports printed. The use of a trace reader as an inputing device and the method of employing a high capacity disk to give both speed of operation and limited archive facility are discussed.

Computers↗
PubMed1973

'Erythropoietic' protoporphyria and cirrhosis in sisters.

The clinical and histopathological features of two sisters with erythropoietic protoporphyria and liver disease are described. They had unusually severe photosensitivity with blistering, and both died at the age of 31 from cirrhosis. The association of erythropoietic protoporphyria with several hepatic abnormalities is discussed.

Adolescent↗