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Biomedical subjects

C Höhne

Publications and source records attributed to C Höhne.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis and therapy of chronic canaliculitis].

The chronic lacrimal canaliculitis is often overlooked and unsatisfactory treated. The purpose of this long-term study (1978-1991) is to call attention to special bacteriological signs and to give recommendations for proper treatment. 54 patients (39 females and 15 males) in age from 29 to 85 years (average age of 60 years) with a chronic lacrimal canaliculitis were evaluated. "Sulfur granules" were obtained from 32 patients and 54 specimens were collected from 44 patients and processed immediately for aerobic and anaerobic cultivation as well as microscopic investigation. Altogether 100 bacteria could be isolated: 56 anaerobes, 38 aerobes as well as 6 microaerophilic and capnophilic strains, respectively. Members of the genus Actinomyces were the most often isolated anaerobes. They could be detected in specimens of 15 patients by culture and in materials of 4 patients only by microscopic study. 42 from 50 patients were permanently cured by immediate treatment according to our operative procedure despite the splitted canaliculus. The most common cause of chronic lacrimal canaliculitis is a mixed infection. Despite the characteristic clinical symptoms the laboratory evaluation should be done to provide the diagnosis. The surgical procedure leads to a permanent functional healing in a high degree.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Resistance of intestinal strains of Bacteroides to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents].

Antibacterial therapy of anaerobic infections usually involves chemotherapy. The basis of therapy is assessment of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotic or chemotherapeutic agents needed to eliminate the suspected causal agents of infection. The authors assessed MIC of 9 selected antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents (metronidazole, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, cephoxitin, oxytetracycline, lincomycin, erythromycin) by the dilution method in blood agar in 157 strains of the most important types of the genus Bacteroides which were isolated in 1985-1989 from different clinical materials in Bratislava and in Halle (GDR). All tested strains were sensitive to metronidazole and chloramphenicol. Resistance to clindamycin was very rare. Strains resistant to azlocillin, mezlocillin and cephotoxin were more frequent. A high resistance to lincomycin, oxytetracycline and erythromycin was found. Difference in sensitivity of strains from the CSSR and GDR were slight. Similarly results of the present work differed little from those of previous work.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1990

[The direct detection of volatile fatty acids by gas chromatography in microbiological diagnosis].

The gas chromatographic analysis of volatile fatty acids (VFA) is of great significance in the diagnosis of anaerobes and anaerobic infections, respectively. The ether extraction commonly used for this purpose is relatively consuming in time and material. In this relation, the presented method of detection of VFA in the aqueous phase directly shows essential simplifications but has a lower sensitivity. Therefore, this method cannot replace the ether extraction to investigate broth cultures of anaerobes for taxonomical purposes. But it enables the determination of VFA with sufficient sensitivity in clinical materials of patients. Herewith, the detection of acetic acid only indicates an infection without anaerobes if the concentration is higher than 20 mg/100 ml. On the contrary, a high correlation exists between the detection of n-butyric acid as well as isovaleric acid and the cultural isolation of anaerobic microorganisms.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1989

Rapid diagnosis of intestinal Bacteroides species by means of the immunofluorescence.

Rapid methods serving the detection of intestinal Bacteroides species in clinical specimens are of great significance. For this purpose, an identification of the species is possible at present only by means of immunofluorescence (IF). Using preparations of antigens of different intestinal Bacteroides species (B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. uniformis, B. ovatus, and B. distasonis) as well as immune sera prepared against them, the presented results have shown the possibility of specific identification of the species involved by means of direct and indirect IF, respectively. However, it could be demonstrated that the direct IF results in a more brilliant appearance of the bacteria than the indirect procedure. Convincing results could be obtained also in the investigation of clinical specimens by means of the direct IF using a pool of conjugated immunoglobulin fractions (sensitivity 88%, specificity 100%). Therefore, the direct method to detect intestinal Bacteroides species by IF should be preferred.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative microbiological, macro- and microscopic and x-ray findings in iatrogenic perforation of the maxillary sinus depending on the time of its lancing].

To determine whether the inflammation afflicting the sinus mucosa shortly after oroantral communication is due to an injury or an infection, microbiological studies of two biopsy preparations each were performed simultaneously in 20 patients with the diagnosis: radix in antro. As a rule, notwithstanding the time of oroantral communication aerobe micro-organisms corresponding to the local conditions of oral and nasal flora. Primary asepsis of the sinus mucosa being assumed, an infection of the sinus maxillary has to be taken into account only one hour after the dislocation of a root of the tooth into the sinus maxillary. After six hours the infection will be followed by an inflammatory reaction.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Direct gas chromatography analysis of volatile fatty acids and lactic acids in microbiological diagnosis].

The gas chromatographic analysis of short-chain fatty acids is of great significance in the rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infections and bacterial meningitis. A new analytical method is presented detecting lactic acid without prior derivatisation in addition to volatile fatty acids in the aqueous phase directly. Lactic acid levels greater than 30 mg/dl are measured in cerebrospinal fluids of patients with acute bacterial meningitis. The sole detection of acetic acid in concentrations higher than 20 mg/dl indicates aerobes in clinical materials. A high correlation exists between the determination of n-butyric acid as well as iso-valeric acid and the occurrence of anaerobic bacteria.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1989

[Rapid diagnosis of Bacteroides using immunofluorescence].

Intestinal Bacteroides species belong to the most common causative agents of human anaerobic infections. Because their cultural diagnosis is complicated by the presence of a so-called "empty interval of diagnosis" lasting for several days, rapid diagnostic methods are of great significance. Due to the possibility of specific antigen detection the fluorescence antibody technique (FAT) is especially qualified for this purpose. The presented investigations demonstrate that the direct FAT should be preferred to the indirect method in the diagnosis of infections caused by intestinal Bacteroides species.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1987

[Supplementary methods for the determination of the Gram reaction of anaerobic pathogens].

Anaerobic microorganisms (364 gram-negatives and 154 gram-positives) were investigated with respect to their behaviour against aqueous solutions of potassium hydroxide as well as their sensitivity to polymyxin and vancomycin by means of the disk diffusion test. Whereas the gram-negative anaerobes showed a good correlation (97.5%) with a positive KOH test, only 88.3% of the gram-positive microorganisms exhibited a negative KOH reaction. Therefore, in cases of ambiguous gram-negative staining results, the KOH test alone cannot give sufficient informations about the exact gram reaction. It was shown, however, that together with the determination of resistance to polymyxin and vancomycin, this uncertainty remains only for microorganisms showing a positive KOH reaction, polymyxin resistance, and vancomycin sensitivity. Therefore, in combination with the polymyxin and vancomycin disk diffusion test, the KOH test is recommended as an additional means to determine the gram reaction of anaerobes.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1987

[Methodologic problems in the detection of indole formation by anaerobic pathogens].

The demonstration of indole formation is of great value for the identification of pathogenic anaerobes. A reduction of the pH to values below the critical range of 5.1-5.3 in complex media 5.5 in simple testing substrates, respectively, which is caused by the presence of fermentable carbohydrates and will result in false-negative reactions. For this reason, the indol test should be performed with an adequate buffer capacity and an addition of fermentable carbohydrates should be avoided. Strains showing a false-negative reaction in the spot indole test can be reliably accounted for by means of the rapid test in buffered tryptophan solution described here without having to use additional anaerobic culture methods.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

[In vitro effect of acylureido penicillins and mezlocillin on anaerobic sporeless gram-negative rods of genus Bacteroides].

313 anaerobic gram-negative rods of the Bacteroides genus isolated from 295 clinical specimens were tested for their sensitivity to azlocillin and mezlocillin using the dilution method with agar plates. 25 mg/l of azlocillin inhibited 80.2% of the strains and the same concentration of mezlocillin inhibited 86.9%. The somewhat higher in vitro activity of mezlocillin is also seen by the lower mean minimal inhibitory concentration, which is approx. 23.6 mg/l for mezlocillin and 27.6 mg/l for azlocillin. The highest resistance for both drugs were found with B. distasonis (14 strains), followed by B. thetaiotaomicron (63 strains), B. fragilis (161 strains) and B. uniformis (7 strains). The good sensitivity of strains belonging to the B. melaninogenicus group corresponds to the well-known sensitivity of these micro-organisms to penicillins. On the basis of a "break point" of 25 mg/l, a decrease in the proportion of sensitive strains was found between 1974 and 1979. 50 mg/l, a concentration which can be maintained over a longer period of time if applied in a suitable manner, will inhibit 97.4% (azlocillin) and 98.4% (mezlocillin) of the strains. Thus in our opinion azlocillin and especially mezlocillin are suitable drugs for the initial therapy of pyogenous infections in which intestinal Bacteroidaceae are of pathogenic significance.

Azlocillin↗
PubMed1981

Hemolysin and K antigens in relation to serotype and hemagglutination type of Escherichia coli isolated from extraintestinal infections.

Escherichia coli isolated from cases of bacteremia and from a variety of urinary tract infections were characterized according to serotype (O:H antigenicity), K type (possession of K1, K2, K3, K12, or K13), hemagglutination (HA) type, and production of beta-hemolysin. Results obtained with the bacteremia and urinary tract infection isolates were similar except for more hemolytic isolated from urine than from blood (42 versus 29%) and more K1+ isolates from blood than from urine (50 versus 29%). A close correlation was found between Ha type VI (production of fimbriae which mediate mannose-resistant HA of human and African green monkey erythrocytes) and the production of hemolysin or K1 capsular antigen or both. Most (95 of 98, or 95%) of the HA type VI+ blood isolates and most (146 of 164, or 89%) of the HA type VI+ urine isolates produced hemolysin or K1 or both, in contrast to 22 and 26%, respectively, of those belonging to HA types other than HA type VI. Also, 76% of all hemolytic and 70% of all K1+ isolates belonged to HA type VI. Remarkably few of the HA type VI+ isolates (13%) and even fewer of the HA type VI- isolates (3%) produced both K1 and hemolysin; these belonged mainly to serotypes O16:H6, O18:H7 and O2:H4. Other major serogroups were usually K1+/hemolysin- (O1, O7) or K1-/hemolysin+ (O2, O4, O6). At least 74% (262 of 351) and possibly as many as 83% (293 of 351) of those isolates which produced mannose-resistant HA of human erythrocytes were classified as HA type VI+; 31 isolates produced mannose-resistant HA with all erythrocytes tested. Taking serogroup and serotype into consideration, we conclude that the E. coli fimbrial hemagglutinin(s) responsible for the HA type VI phenotype will prove to be the same as the virulence-associated mannose-resistant adhesins of uropathogenic E. coli which other investigators have characterized as unique fimbrial antigens detectable by mannose-resistant HA of human erythrocytes.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1981

[Use of Vagimid (Metronidazol) for chemotherapy of bacterial genital infections (author's transl)].

Vagimid (metronidazol) was used for antibacterial therapy in 115 cases of obstetric or gynaecological infections. The infections were brought under control in all cases. No Metronidazol-sensitive organisms were recordable, following treatment. The use of metronidazol on such infectious processes, particularly in cases in which other chemotherapeutic agents have failed or also in combination with less effective medicaments, seems to be justified for its strong action on obligate anaerobes which are aetiologically involved in the majority of these diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Bacteriological aspects of trichomonal vaginitis (author's transl)].

An analysis was made of the vaginal flora of 25 gynaecological patients with acute trichomomal vaginitis, with the view to elucidating the bacteriological situation. Eighty-four isolates, an average of 3.4 per patient, were taken and included a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. - Obligate anaerobic species, such as bacteriodes and peptostreptococci, with susceptibility to metronidazole were among the predominant pathogens. - The differentiated susceptibility of the most common bacteria to antibiotics may yield information useful to therapy in the case of aggravated infection.

Adolescent↗