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Biomedical subjects

C Höschl

Publications and source records attributed to C Höschl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Results of a clinical trial of levoprotiline].

The authors submit results of a double blind clinical trial of levoprotiline controlled by maprotiline. In the multicentre study (which is processed and interpreted in stages) participated after written informed consent 58 patients with the diagnosis of a major depressive disorder. During the first three weeks the results of levoprotiline and maprotiline (from 26 patients each) were processed. The trial lasted 42 days. The psychopathology of the patients was evaluated by independent blind raters by means of Montgomery and Asberg's scale (MADRS), Hamilton's scale for depression (HRDS) and general clinical impression (CGI). In all patients also the pharmacological and EEG response was assessed. In comparison to maprotiline, levoprotiline was clinically ineffective. Its plasma levels (40 ng/ml) were one third to one half of the values obtained with maprotiline in the same daily dosage (150 mg). Although levoprotiline has an EEG profile typical for classical thymoleptics, its clinical antidepressive action is negligible.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Possibilities of therapeutic applications of neuronal calcium homeostasis].

The role of calcium as a second messenger which mediates the transmission of the signal and has an impact on cellular regulation of the majority of organs at all stages of development was confirmed during the past decade. In the submitted review the authors summarize mechanisms by which calcium exerts its regulatory function. At the same time the authors discuss the possible ratio of disorders in the above systems in various diseases in particular those of the central nervous system and possible pharmacotherapeutic interferences at different levels of transmission of the signal mediated by calcium. As in the mentioned area at the clinical level so far mainly calcium channel blockers were used, the authors summarize the use of these substances in the treatment of cerebral ischaemia, migraine, epilepsy and manic-depressive disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Verapamil in affective disorders: a controlled, double-blind study.

Eighty-six depressed inpatients were divided into four groups: patients in each of three groups were treated, respectively, with identical capsules of verapamil, amitriptyline, or placebo, whereas the fourth group was treated eclectically by the ward physician with so-called state-adjusted treatment (SAT). Each treatment period lasted 5 weeks. Psychopathology was assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, by the Zung self-rating scale, by the 100-mm analog scale, and by general clinical impression. Results indicated that amitriptyline and SAT were superior to verapamil or placebo. There was no significant difference between verapamil and placebo or between SAT and amitriptyline. This finding was more definitive in the homogeneous subgroup of 55 women with DSM-III diagnosis of Major depression. In addition, 12 manic inpatients (DSM-III) were treated orally with verapamil, 24 with neuroleptics, and 11 with both neuroleptics and lithium carbonate. The decline of their psychopathology, assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and general impression, was fully comparable. Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the statistical difference among courses of psychopathology expressed as total BPRS scores reaches borderline significance in favor of verapamil. In contrast to neuroleptics, verapamil did not induce any sedative, hypnotic, or cataleptic effects, and was well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Neuroendocrinology in psychiatry].

The ideology of neuroendocrinological research in psychiatry as well as the most important findings in psychoneuroendocrinology are briefly reviewed. The paper is intended for postgraduate education in psychiatry and endocrinology.

Hormones↗
PubMed1989

[Ethology and medicine].

In a review paper intended for postgraduate education, the author stresses the role of ethology in contemporary medicine. Ethology is a branch of science using the comparative approach in studying behaviour in its natural context. The method of natural experiment is applied to advantage in psychiatry as well as in other medical specialities.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Chronobiology in medicine].

The main findings in chronobiology are summarized. The aim of the paper is to provide information to the broad medical public yet it is intended also for postgraduate education.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1989

[Sociobiology].

Sociobiology represents a systematic study of the biological basis of social behavior. Suggesting its relations to genetics, psychiatry, the theory of games, and ethology, the author summarizes the main sociobiological postulates. The review is intended for postgraduate education.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Dominance hierarchy, initiation of interaction and estimates of present state in psychiatric inpatients.

In a natural experiment two female observers were masked as inpatients on two psychiatric wards. The task of the observers was to ascertain the source distribution hierarchy structure and to register interaction activities in a predefined area of the ward. It was found that in a group of inpatients there appears a relatively stable dominance hierarchy which is related to the rate of interaction initiations among the members of the group. The dominance hierarchy has a predictive value for the selfestimate of present psychic state.

Hospitals, Psychiatric↗