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Biomedical subjects

C Hamann

Publications and source records attributed to C Hamann.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Bone anchored hearing aid. Results of bilateral applications].

In our experience B.A.H.A. (Bone Anchored Hearing Aid) with its direct bone conduction brings a better hearing rehabilitation for patients with draining ear and further more with major aplasia. 23 patients were tested, 12 have got a bilateral hearing aid, 5 unilateral. They reported a better comfort, a more natural sound and a better discrimination in noise. A bilateral application brought them a stereoacousy with a special directivity, we also note improvement of hearing by different hearing tests.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1990

Assessing treatment decision-making capacity in elderly nursing home residents.

Clinicians usually employ indirect measures of cognitive and physical function in order to assess medical decision-making capacity. We tested a reference group of well elderly (Mini-Mental State Exam [MMSE] score = 29.1 +/- 0.8, mean +/- SD), for their understanding of three increasingly complex, hypothetical treatment situations or "vignettes"--use of a hypnotic, need for thoracocentesis, and desire for CPR. From this, we have developed a more direct, Guttman-like assessment of decision-making capacity. Of 51 Veterans Affairs nursing home residents (MMSE score = 22.4 +/- 6.9), only 33.3% demonstrated intact decision-making capacity by this method, whereas 77% were felt by their primary physicians to be capable of giving consent for oral surgery; 37.3% had very impaired decision-making capacity; and 29.4% were intermediate in this ability. Judged against our more direct assessment of decision-making capacity, primary physicians' judgment of capacity for consent was 31% to 39% sensitive in identifying impaired decision-making and the MMSE was 53% to 63% sensitive. These measures were 100% and 82% to 83% specific in identifying intact decision-making capacity, respectively. We conclude that (1) more directly assessed decision-making capacity varies noticeably among elderly nursing home residents and correlates in only limited fashion with frequently used cognitive screening methods; and (2) cognitive screening tests underestimate the prevalence of impaired decision-making capacity in this population. For informed consent and advance directives, our study suggests that decision-making capacity should be directly, rather than indirectly, assessed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

[Titanium osteo-integrated fixtures. Otologic applications].

The osteofixtures developed by P.I. Branemark are pure titanium screws implanted percutaneously and intraosseously in the mastoid region. The mechanical properties and biocompatibility towards bone and soft tissues of these titanium fixtures were studied after 80,000 cases of human application, essentially in the field of dentistry. The authors present their preliminary results in the otological field: firstly, the auditory prosthesis with a mean gain of 20 dB over classical prostheses via air and bone transmission and, secondly, the epiprosthesis of the external ear in cases of aplasia with scarred skin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Maxillofacial abnormalities of syndromes of the 1st branchial arch].

Hemifacial microsomia and Treacher Collins syndrome are the most frequent among the first and second branchial arch syndromes to include anomalies of the facial skeleton. Hemifacial microsomia is almost always unilateral and is characterised by hypoplasia or agenesis of the mandibular ramus. Treacher Collins syndrome is always bilateral and involves specifically the zygomatic bones. The treatment of skeletal anomalies is seldom started before 10-12 years of age, except in severe form with major aesthetic impairment. Such cases are treated at the beginning of school age, on and after 6-8 years. Several operations, including osteotomies of the jaws and bone grafts, are usually necessary to achieve an acceptable result.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

[Plastic surgery of aplasia of the external ear. Apropos of 65 cases].

Principles underlying reconstructive surgery of external ear for major aplasia are described and results presented for 65 patients treated using a cartilaginous framework of a costal autograft as described by B. Brent. Possibilities are discussed of combining this technic with auditory function surgery and the wearing of an auditory prosthesis within the framework of general care of major aplasias.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1980

A program for non-linear regression analysis to be used on desk-top computers.

A simple program for non-linear regression analysis, based upon the strategy of evolution, is described. It should run on any minicomputer (even on "personal computers') if a BASIC interpreter is available. It can easily be modified for the both the type of function and the "best fitting' condition.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Patients' understanding of prescribed drugs.

Patients must understand their physicians' recommendations if they are to follow medical advice. This study assesses the degree to which patients and physicians share basic information about medications. Patients who regularly attended the medical clinics of a large, urban teaching hospital were asked to recall the identity, purpose, and dose schedule of medications that were prescribed for them. Patients' responses were compared to the medications actually prescribed by their physicians. Patients identified 90% of medications prescribed during the visits, knew the purpose 83%, and the correct dose schedule for 80%. Only 58% of patients knew the dosage schedule of all their medications correctly. Patients' knowledge of prescribed drugs was inversely related to the number of their medical problems and the number of medications prescribed. Lack of effective communication between physicians and patients about medications may be an important reason why patients do not follow medical advice.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Emergency room management of patients with sore throats in a teaching hospital: influence of non-physician factors.

The care of 169 patients with sore throats was evaluated retrospectively to determine if the quality of medical care received in a teaching hospital's emergency room is associated with the degree of control managing physicians have over the medical care process. Diagnostic evaluation (temperature, throat and cervical node examination, and throat culture) was controlled by physicians and was judged adequate in 78% to 98% of the patients. Therapy, defined as appropriate antibiotics prescribed only for patients with positive throat cultures for group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, was dependent on hospital support services, and the patients, as well, and was judged adequate for 62% of the patients; however, in only one of the 67 patients treated with antibiotics was the culture result known before treatment. The bacteriology laboratory processed the cultures slowly; no administrative mechanism existed to follow up patients. Thus, when medical care involved factors outside physicians' direct control, lower qualtiy care was given.

Adult↗