A few words with Socrates about doctors.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Greece↗
Biomedical subjects
C Hamilton
Publications and source records attributed to C Hamilton.
Maternal and fetal immune responses of cattle inoculated with Neospora caninum at mid-gestation.
The humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of pregnant cattle and their fetuses were examined at intervals after infection with Neospora caninum tachyzoites at mid-gestation (day 140). All cattle seroconverted and interferon gamma was detected in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with specific antigen. At day 14 post-inoculation (pi), specific cell proliferation responses were detected in the lymph node draining the site of inoculation and in the uterine lymph node. The peak response was recorded in the majority of maternal lymph nodes by day 28 pi and cells from the maternal retropharyngeal lymph node, which in part drains the central nervous system, showed no specific activity to N. caninum until day 42 pi. This changing pattern of immune responsiveness may reflect parasite invasion and development within different host tissues. Fetal lymph node cells showed mitogen responsiveness from day 14 pi (day 154 of gestation) and also showed N. caninum-specific cell proliferation and interferon-gamma responses by day 28 pi (day 168 of gestation). At day 42 pi, specific cell-mediated immune responses were not apparent; however, N. caninum-specific fetal IgG and IgM antibodies were detected.
Animals↗
The anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament: biomechanical properties from tensile testing in the position of apprehension.
The shoulder is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body. The primary restraint to anterior instability is the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament, where lesions are found after dislocation. The amount of surgical plication required to eliminate instability and maintain full range of shoulder motion remains unclear. We performed tensile testing with the shoulder in abduction and external rotation in 11 human, fresh-frozen, cadaveric glenohumeral joints to improve understanding of the glenoid origin of the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament and to quantify midsubstance irrecoverable elongation. After measuring the length, width, and thickness of the anterior bands with digital micrometry, biomechanical properties were obtained on bone-ligament-labrum-bone (b-l-l-b) complexes. The complexes were aligned for tensile testing with the humerus abducted 60 degrees and externally rotated. The b-l-l-b complexes were then loaded to failure at a strain rate of 100%/sec. Seven of the complexes failed at the glenoid insertion site (representing the Bankart lesion), 2 at the humeral insertion site, and 2 at the anterior band midsubstance. The ultimate load for the b-l-l-b complexes was 353+/-32 N (mean+/-SE), and tensile stress at failure of the glenoid insertion site averaged 9.6+/-2.1 MPa. When the complex failed at the glenoid insertion site, total elongation of the b-l-l-b complex was 9.1+/-0.5 mm, and the ligament midsubstance strain was 13.0%+/-1.8%. Irrecoverable elongation was only 0.8 mm when failure occurred at the glenoid insertion site. Our results indicate patients with initial anterior glenohumeral instability have small irrecoverable capsuloligamentous elongation so that meaningful plication in addition to repair of the Bankart lesion may be unnecessary.
Cadaver↗
Review of leadership and management literature.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
Immunosuppression by human seminal plasma fractionated by DEAE Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography.
We fractionated the whole human seminal plasma on DEAE Sephadex A-50 ion exchange columns. Complete separation was achieved in seven peaks using different salt concentrations in phosphate buffer pH 6. The seminal plasma proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Human seminal plasma (SP) and its fractions were used in mixed lymphocyte reaction in vitro. Fractions 3, 4, and 7 were found to suppress the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to phytohemagglutinin and pokweed mitogen at a concentration of 10 micrograms ml-1 while stimulatory effect was observed at lower concentrations (1 microgram and 2.5 micrograms ml-1). Whole human SP and other fractions failed to suppress the proliferation of lymphocytes in vitro. Furthermore, the effect of human SP and its fractions was also investigated on phagocytic function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) using luminol dependent chemiluminescence assay stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and opsonized yeast. Fractionated SP was found to have a suppressive effect on the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of PMNs in the whole blood.
Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
The use of single-case experimental designs to evaluate nursing interventions for individual clients.
Nurses are increasingly called upon to devise interventions for individual clients. These interventions must be effective for the purpose for which they are designed if they are to be considered appropriate for the client for whom they were devised. Single-case research methodology offers the practising nurse an easy to use strategy for assessing the efficacy of individualised interventions, with the controls of an experimental design and the flexibility required for use in applied settings. This paper describes the basic principles underlying the use of these designs and illustrates their application in assessing the efficacy of interventions with individual clients.
Data Collection↗