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Biomedical subjects

C Harrison

Publications and source records attributed to C Harrison.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Identification of an abundant disulfide-linked complex of glycoproteins in the envelope of guinea pig cytomegalovirus.

Murine monoclonal antibodies were used to identify an immunogenic envelope glycoprotein complex of guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV). The glycoprotein complex consisted of two virion components of estimated masses 60,000 and 90,000 Da. Murine monoclonal antibodies specific for the gp60-90 complex neutralized infectious virus in the presence of complement and detected expression of the envelope complex on the surface of infected cells. Pulse-chase and immunoblot analyses suggested that these virion forms were proteolytic products of an intracellular polyprotein precursor of an estimated molecular weight of 150,000 Da (gp150). In addition, the intracellular forms of this envelope glycoprotein complex existed as a disulfide-linked oligomer. The intracellular polyprotein was synthesized as a 100,000-Da precursor which was likely cotranslationally glycosylated using N-linked linkages to the major intracellular form, gp150. Because of the similarities in size, expression, and processing pathway, these results suggested that the GPCMV gp60-90 complex may represent the HCMV gB homolog of GPCMV.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Endotracheal tube and tracheobronchial obstruction as causes of hypoventilation with high inspiratory pressures.

Two cases of difficult ventilation are presented, the first caused by endotracheal tube obstruction with nasal turbinate, and the second caused by tracheobronchial obstruction with blood clots. The clinical presentation in each case was characterized by extreme difficulty in ventilating and severe hypercapnia despite vigorous ventilatory efforts with either a mechanical ventilator or resuscitator bag. A simple manipulation of the endotracheal tube cuff helped to differentiate between increased impedance caused by endotracheal tube obstruction as opposed to increased respiratory system impedance beyond the tip of tube. In the second patient, in whom even a short interruption of ventilation was poorly tolerated, simultaneous rigid bronchoscopy (for removal of intratracheal masses) and ventilation via endotracheal tube were successfully performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Reporting of cases of non-accidental injury: a survey of parents' responses.

Parental responses to the process of referral to statutory bodies because of their child's suspected non-accidental injury were obtained using the questionnaire method. The results were analysed in terms of their demographic details, subsequent social and emotional adjustment together with an evaluation of parental perception of the service they received. Parents' reported some positive outcomes as a result of the referral, but the majority of responses highlighted the need to develop a model of investigation that offers more emotional support to parents, giving them more and better information and allowing their point of view to be heard and respected.

Australia↗
PubMed1994

Heterogeneity analysis in 40 X-linked retinitis pigmentosa families.

Analysis of genetic heterogeneity in 40 kindreds with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP), with 20 polymorphic markers, showed that significant heterogeneity is present (P = .001) and that 56% of kindreds are of RP3 type and that 26% are of RP2 type. The location of the RP3 locus was found to be 0.4 cM distal to OTC in the Xp21.1 region, and that of the RP2 locus was 6.5 cM proximal to DXS7 in Xp11.2-p11.3. Bayesian probabilities of linkage to RP2, RP3, or to neither locus were calculated. This showed that 20 of 40 kindreds could be assigned to one or the other locus, with a probability > .70 (14 kindreds with RP3 and 6 kindreds with RP2 disease). A further three kindreds were found to be unlinked to either locus, with a probability > .8. The remaining 17 kindreds could not be classified unambiguously. This highlights the difficulty of classifying families in the presence of genetic heterogeneity, where the two loci are separated by an estimated 16 cM.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1992

An outbreak of gastro-intestinal illness caused by eggs containing Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4.

Seven of nine people developed gastro-intestinal symptoms between 18 and 27 h after eating a trifle with a topping containing raw eggs. Salmonella enteritidis Phage Type (PT) 4 was isolated both from the faeces of affected persons and from eggs remaining in the same box as those used to prepare the topping. The findings show that eggs being produced and sold in the U.K. still contain S. enteritidis PT4 and that this is continuing to cause human infection.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Perioperative nursing on the Amazon River. An experience that made a difference.

We held a conference at the end of the team's visit. We concluded that there was a continuum of learning in both directions from both countries. Some of the problems and frustrations in medicine are the same worldwide. Leaving the US medical system to work in a remote area is a fascinating and exciting experience. Clean water, electricity, transportation, and food are not taken for granted in this area of the world. The next decade in an area like this holds many different plans, hopes, and projects. Nothing can be taken for granted. All that has been developed could be lost tomorrow. What we do makes a difference, whether it is in the jungles of Brazil or an OR in the United States. To see the health of the general population so markedly improved from our previous visit emphasized that point. Your skills as an OR nurse can be translated to other countries. An instrument may have a different name, but the use is the same. Operating room nursing on the Amazon River is the same, and it is different. You can and do make a difference to your patients each day. We found that the difference is less subtle in an area that has so little.

Brazil↗
PubMed1991

Extracellular organelles (prostasomes) are immunosuppressive components of human semen.

Numerous reports have ascribed immunosuppressive activity to human seminal plasma and there is growing agreement that much of this activity can be accounted for by the very high levels of E series prostaglandins present (up to 300 microM 19-hydroxy prostaglandin E). However not all suppressive activity is due to prostaglandin since several reports have appeared of high molecular weight active substances and we have found that stripped seminal plasma is still effective in inhibiting the mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocytes. In this study such immunosuppressive activity has been separated by molecular size fractionation and the activity has been found to be particulate and corresponded to the previously reported prostasomes. These are trilaminar to multilaminar vesicles (150 nm diameter) which are secreted by the prostate. Pure preparations of prostasomes inhibited mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation in a dose-dependent manner with a concentration of prostasomes equivalent to 40% of that seen in seminal fluid giving 69% suppression of thymidine incorporation. The suppressive activity survived boiling and therefore was unlikely to be due to enzymatic action associated with these organelles. Interaction with the accessory cells, involved in full development of the lymphoproliferation induced by mitogen, was indicated and this possibility was supported by the demonstration of a direct effect of prostasomes on macrophage function using a mouse macrophage cell line. The prostasomes in semen may play a complementary role to the prostaglandins in neutralizing the immune defences of the female reproductive tract. This combination would allow the alloantigenic spermatozoa the best chance of achieving fertilization, but at the same time leave the recipient open to any infection present in the semen.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Functional studies of bone marrow haemopoietic and stromal cells in the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Long-term bone marrow culture (LTBMC) was used to investigate the proliferative behaviour of marrow cells from a spectrum of cases of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and the results compared with those obtained in the conventional short-term clonal assay. Two broad patterns of growth were revealed in LTBMC. In one group the incidence of haemopoietic progenitor cells steadily declined to abnormally low levels at 4 weeks, while in a second group they were maintained near normal levels for periods of up to 7 weeks. These growth patterns, which were not predictable from clonogenic assays on the marrow cells prior to LTBMC, or from the morphology of the bone marrow, may reflect the stage of evolution of the disease. Further studies of clonality are required to establish whether or not patients exhibiting the second pattern have a potentiality to harbour residual normal haemopoiesis. LTBMC was also used to study the function of MDS marrow stroma in terms of its ability to sustain the growth of normal haemopoietic progenitor cells. Although the phenotype of the cultured adherent cell layer, obtained from some patients, was atypical, no consistent functional defect of MDS stroma could be identified by studying the level of haemopoiesis reached by normal cells seeded into MDS stroma.

Adolescent↗