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Biomedical subjects

C Hawes

Publications and source records attributed to C Hawes.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Designing the national resident assessment instrument for nursing homes.

In response to the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1987 mandate for the development of a national resident assessment system for nursing facilities, a consortium of professionals developed the first major component of this system, the Minimum Data Set (MDS) for Resident Assessment and Care Screening. A two-state field trial tested the reliability of individual assessment items, the overall performance of the instrument, and the time involved in its application. The trial demonstrated reasonable reliability for 55% of the items and pinpointed redundancy of items and initial design of scales. On the basis of these analyses and clinical input, 40% of the original items were kept, 20% dropped, and 40% altered. The MDS provides a structure and language in which to understand long-term care, design care plans, evaluate quality, and describe the nursing facility population for planning and policy efforts.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1985

A case of partial deficiency of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin.

A 20-year-old woman, admitted to a neurological ward with a diagnosis of benign intracranial hypertension, was found on specific protein electroimmunoassay to have a consistently decreased concentration of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in her plasma. Serum from her father showed the same result. Further investigation of her family demonstrated that this partial deficiency was transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion and was not associated with any obvious specific clinical abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The three-dimensional structure of the Z disc in insect supercontracting muscles.

Two type of Z disc structure have been reported in insect supercontracting muscle fibres: (i) a perforated Z disc where Z material forms a reticulum and (ii) a fragmented Z disc composed of separate, discrete Z bodies. The use of thick (1 micron) sections in conjunction with high voltage electron microscopy can distinguish between these two types while conventional thin sections may lead to misinterpretation of structure. It is shown that in one insect, the crane-fly Tipula, the larval body-wall muscles, for which a fragmented Z disc has been proposed, do in fact have a perforated disc. In the wax moth Galleria, homologous muscle fibres have a similar type of Z disc, a finding which indicates the need for re-examination of other lepidopteran muscles claimed to have fragmented discs. A redefinition of supercontraction is proposed which includes reference to the perforated type of Z disc.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Engendering change: empowering nurse academics to take part in a university research culture.

Any school of nursing, which is building upon a college-based teaching culture to create and maintain a viable research culture within a university, must build from within its own resources. This paper outlines a strategic approach to create a research culture in one such school. We describe the empowerment philosophy based on critical and feminist approaches that underpinned our strategy in transforming what was a teaching based college of advanced education culture to that of a university in which both research and teaching are required of its staff. A climate to facilitate change was created and a research support structure was put in place. The success of the strategies can be assessed by the increased participation in research activities, enhanced productivity and evidence of increasing confidence of staff.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of residence in Alzheimer disease special care units on functional outcomes.

CONTEXT: Alzheimer disease special care units (SCUs) in nursing homes are increasingly prevalent, but little is known about their effects on residents' outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of SCU residence on the rates at which residents decline in functional status. DESIGN: A cohort of nursing home residents assessed at multiple points during about 1 year. Facility staff completed all assessments using the Minimum Data Set for Nursing Home Resident Assessment and Care Screening (MDS). SETTING: Medicare- or Medicaid-certified nursing facilities. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: All nursing home residents in 1993 and early 1994 in Kansas, Maine, Mississippi, and South Dakota. Serial MDS assessments of 77337 residents in more than 800 facilities, including 1228 residents in 48 facilities with SCUs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Decline in locomotion, transferring, toileting, eating, dressing, and a summary activities of daily living index; decline in urinary and bowel continence; and significant weight loss. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed in the speed of decline for residents in SCUs and traditional units in any of the 9 outcomes. Residents were matched on a variety of characteristics, and subgroup analyses were performed. In none did we observe a pattern of better outcomes among SCU residents. CONCLUSIONS: Although SCUs may have provided unmeasured benefits to families and residents, it does not appear that those benefits included any slowing in the rates of functional decline experienced by individuals with dementia.

Activities of Daily Living↗