Biomedical subjects

C Hayne

Publications and source records attributed to C Hayne.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Raf-1/MEK/MAPK pathway is necessary for the G2/M transition induced by nocodazole.

The dynamic balance between polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules is critical for cells to enter and exit mitosis, and drugs that disrupt this balance, such as taxol, colchicine, and nocodazole, arrest the cell cycle in mitosis. Although the Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway can be activated by these drugs, its role in mitosis has not been addressed. Here, we characterize activation of Raf/MEK/MAPK by nocodazole when mitosis is induced. We find that at early time points (up to 3 h) in nocodazole induction, Raf/MEK/MAPK is activated, and inhibition of MAPK activation by a MEK inhibitor, PD98059 or U0126, reduces the number of cells entering mitosis by creating a block at G(2). At later time points and in mitosis, activation of MEK/MAPK is severely inhibited, even though Raf-1 activity remains high and can be further increased by growth factor. This inhibition is reversed when cells are released from metaphase and enter G(0)/G(1) phase. In addition, we find that binding of Raf-1 to 14-3-3 is progressively induced by nocodazole, reaching a maximum in mitosis, and that this binding is necessary to maintain mitotic Raf-1 activity. Our present study indicates that activation of the Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway is necessary for the G(2)/M progression.

14-3-3 Proteins↗

PubMed1999

Substantial superiority of semiflexed (MTP) views in knee osteoarthritis: a comparative radiographic study, without fluoroscopy, of standing extended, semiflexed (MTP), and schuss views.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the radiographic assessment of cartilage loss, as measured by joint space width (JSW) in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knees required to detect the effect of structure modifying drugs in OA trials. This was achieved by determining which of 3 nonfluoroscopic radiographic views--standing extended, semiflexed, and schuss--produced the most accurate radioanatomic positioning of the joint and greater reproducibility in joint repositioning and JSW measurement. METHODS: Knees from 74 patients with OA of the knees who had medial tibiofemoral compartment JSW > or =2 mm in all views were studied. For all 3 radiographic views, accuracy in the radioanatomic positioning of the knee was determined for both joint rotation and flexion. Reproducibility in joint repositioning and JSW measurement were determined from the difference between repeat examinations taken within 2 h. RESULTS: About 86% of knees in the 3 views had accurate rotational position of the joint at each visit. Radioanatomically, knees in the semiflexed view were significantly more accurately positioned in regard to knee flexion (p<0.0005) than in the schuss view, which in turn was better (p<0.014) than in the extended knee view. Joint repositioning was significantly more reproducible in the semiflexed (p<0.0001) than in the extended knee, which was better (p<0.013) than in the schuss position. JSW measurement was significantly more reproducible in the semiflexed (p<0.014) than both schuss and extended knee positions, which were not significantly different from each other. CONCLUSION: Protocols defining the nonfluoroscopic radiographic procedures for the semiflexed view provide the most accurate radioanatomic joint positioning, and the most reproducible joint repositioning and JSW measurement. Using this method significantly fewer knees would be required to detect significant JSW changes in a structure modifying drug trial compared to the schuss and the extended knee positions.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Replicated factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory.

The factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was examined in an initial sample of 407 patients and replicated in a sample of 370 patients, using principal components analysis and varimax rotation. The entire sample was 98% male, with ages ranging from 22 to 88 years. The incidence of alcoholism was 72%, and the incidence of major mental illnesses was 17%. The stable dominant first factor (cognitive) accounted for 67 to 81% of the common variance, with a correlation of .94 between the factor loadings in the initial and replication analyses. The unstable second factor (vegetative) accounted for 15% to 19% of the common variance, with a correlation of .58 in item loadings. Consequently, the BDI appears to measure the cognitive aspects of depressive severity in a global fashion, as Beck originally intended. Approximately half of the items contribute very little useful predictive information. The fact that BDI total scores are not strongly related to the traditional vegetative symptoms of depression used in psychiatry is an artifact of the original method used to construct the test and is not a statement about the fundamental characteristics of depression.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Clinical manifestations and descriptive epidemiology of Lyme disease in New Jersey, 1978 to 1982.

Clinical manifestations and epidemiologic characteristics of 117 cases (31 children and 86 adults) of Lyme disease in New Jersey from 1978 to 1982 are summarized. The male-female sex ratio was 1.9:1. An endemic focus in Monmouth County has been recognized. Erythema chronicum migrans was present in 93% of cases and was the only clinical manifestation in 25% of patients. Nonspecific febrile syndrome, in addition to erythema chronicum migrans, was present in 45% of cases; 26% had arthritis. The proportion of cases with arthritis in 1982 (7/56) was less than for 1978 to 1981 (24/61) probably because of better recognition of milder cases by physicians and earlier antibiotic treatment, which may have reduced late complications. Meningitis (10%) and cranial nerve palsies (8%) were the most frequent neurological manifestations. As medical personnel and the public become more aware of the disease, Lyme disease is being recognized with increased frequency in central and southern New Jersey.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

A focus of Lyme disease in Monmouth County, New Jersey.

An endemic focus of Lyme disease is present in Colt's Neck, Howell, Freehold, and Wall Townships in Monmouth County, New Jersey. Cases of Lyme disease have occurred in this area from 1978 to 1982. Fifty-seven of the 117 persons (49%) who acquired their infection in New Jersey from 1978 to 1982 live or work in these four townships, whose population of 82,491 is only 1.1% of the population of the entire state. Thirty persons who contracted Lyme disease were exposed to ticks at the Naval Weapons Station, Earle, which is located within Colt's Neck and Howell Townships. The annual incidence rate for persons stationed at or working on this military facility in 1981 and 1982 was about 1%. At Naval Weapons Station, Earle, persons working outdoors in 1981-1982 were at higher risk than those working indoors.

Animals↗

PubMed1982