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Biomedical subjects

C Hori

Publications and source records attributed to C Hori.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Bone mineral status in preterm-born children: assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

To elucidate the long-term consequences of osteopenia of prematurity, lumbar spinal bone mass was measured in 21 preterm-born children aged 3-4 years by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Their mineral intake remained low during early life, and all 11 infants previously studied were osteopenic at term postconception. At the age of 3-4 years, however, all 21 children were found to have normal bone mineral content and density with slightly elevated serum osteocalcin levels. Our results show that in preterm-born children spontaneous resolution of lumbar spinal osteopenia occurs during early childhood.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

[Quantitative urine microscopic examination using disposable counting chamber for diagnosis of urinary tract infection].

Routine urinalysis is performed as a screening test for urinary tract infection (UTI) in out-patients or in-patients. We assessed the usefulness of microscopic examination of unspun and unstained urine using a disposable slide with counting chambers (Kova Slide 10 grid, Miles-Sankyo) for diagnosis of significant bacteriuria. 173 fresh urine samples were obtained from 173 subjects (89 male and 84 (female), including 117 inpatients, aged from 0 to 96 years. Urine samples were examined for bacteriuria by the standard culture method and counting chamber method. Significant bacteriuria was defined as 10(5)/ml or more of bacilli for midstream urine and urine collected by bags and 10(4)/ml or more for urine collected by catheterization and from indwelling catheters. Urine leukocytes were also counted on disposable slide. The rapid dipstick test (N-multistix-SG-10, Miles-Sankyo) of leukocyte esterase activity and nitrite were measured in the urine specimens read by a photometer (Clinitek-10, Miles-Sankyo). Significant bacteriuria was diagnosed by standard culture method in 67 urine samples. Close correlation was obtained between bacterial counts determined by the bacterial culture and counting chamber method (Spearman's correlation coefficient p < 0.001). Sensitivity and negative predictive value for significant bacteriuria were 94.0 and 95.1%, respectively, when bacteriuria or pyuria was present in the counting chamber. Dipstick test had a sensitivity and negative predictive value of 86.6 and 89.9%, respectively, when either leukocyte esterase activity of + or more, or nitrite of + was found. In out-patients, both sensitivity and negative predictive value were as high as 100% in counting chamber method. Thus, we can conclude that urine microscopy on disposable counting chambers is a very sensitive, simple, time-saving and lost-effective method for diagnosis of UTI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Ultrasonic indicators of ureteric reflux in the newborn.

There is controversy over the value of ultrasonic screening for detection of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in babies. We scanned 300 newborn babies and identified 53 with a dilated renal pelvis or other minor abnormalities. Eventually, 9 of these were investigated by voiding cystourethrography and 3 (5 kidneys) proved to have VUR exceeding grade II. In 3 babies the reason for cystourethrography was persistent renal pelvis dilation; in 3 it was urinary tract infection; and in 3 it was a new ultrasonic sign observed early in the series--ballooning of the renal pelvis during voiding. Whereas persistent dilation of the renal pelvis was a non-specific indicator (absent in 2 of the 5 affected kidneys and present in 5 of those unaffected), ballooning was consistently seen in all 5 affected renal pelvises. This sign, easily obtained in a baby who has been sleeping, deserves prospective assessment for its value in screening.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1994

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretion in term and preterm neonates.

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion was measured in term and preterm neonates on days 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 of life. Urinary NAG showed a peak level on day 4 or 7 in these infants. In addition, it tended to be higher with the degree of prematurity. In sick preterms who were depressed at birth and had respiratory failure, the NAG activity was further elevated during the first 2 weeks, suggesting the presence of renal tubular injury in this period. These observations thus suggest that urinary NAG may be a sensitive measure of renal maturation or damage in neonates.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

Rapid dipstick test for diagnosis of urinary tract infection.

The rapid dipstick test of urine leukocyte esterase (LE) activity and nitrite has not been studied fully in pediatric clinical situations. We investigated the usefulness of the dipstick LE and nitrite test in the screening of urinary tract infection (UTI) in pediatric patients. Ninety-two fresh urine samples were obtained from children suspected of having UTI. Leukocyte esterase activity and nitrite were measured in the urine specimens read by a photometer. Leukocytes were also counted on a disposable slide. Urine samples were examined for bacteriuria by the standard culture method. The results of the urine dipstick test of LE showed a close relationship with leukocyte counts on a counting chamber. Leukocyte esterase (-) indicated leukocyte counts of less than 10/uL with a probability of 97% (58/60). Of the 22 urine samples with significant bacteriuria diagnosed by standard urine culture, the nitrite test did not detect bacteriuria in 10. While the sensitivities of the dipstick tests of nitrite (+) and LE +/- or more for the diagnosis of significant bacteriuria were 55% (12/22) and 86% (19/22), respectively, the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the combined test were 100%. These results suggest that use of the dipstick test of LE and nitrite can avoid a large part of the cost incurred by urine culture and is useful for screening UTI in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of female hormone on the temporary threshold shift (TTS) of men].

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of female hormone on the temporary threshold shift (TTS) of men. Female hormone (estrogen or progesterone or progesterone with estrogen) were administrated to eight male subjects. TTS was measured under the administration of female hormone and control (no administration of female hormone). The subjects were exposed to continuous white noise of 100 dB for 8 min after 5 min rest. The audiometry was performed in 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 Hz test tones at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min of recovery process. TTS at 3,000 and 4,000 Hz was smaller under the condition of progesterone with estrogen administration than under the other conditions. TTS under the condition of estrogen administrated was smaller at 4,000 Hz than under the condition of progesterone administrated or under the control condition, but greater at 6,000 Hz than under the other conditions. These results indicate that TTS at 3,000 and 4,000 Hz is affected by progesterone with estrogen, and TTS at 6,000 Hz by estrogen.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ultrasonographic evaluation of bladder volume in children.

Although ultrasound has been recently used to estimate bladder volume, several different formulae are used. We analysed the accuracy of ultrasound evaluation of bladder volume with an ultrasound scanner equipped with a videocassette recorder. We determined three dimensions of the bladder, i.e. depth (D), height (H) and width (W) by reviewing videotapes in 53 children. D x H x W (DHW) showed a good linear relationship with actual bladder volume (r = 0.96). Estimation of bladder volume by the regression equation gave errors of 12.5 +/- 8.6% (mean +/- SD) with errors above 25% in only 6% of children. Estimation of the volume by simply multiplying DHW by a correction factor of 0.80 gave a greater error of 18.9 +/- 14.0% (P < 0.001) with errors above 25% in 24% of children. Thus, the use of the formula volume (ml) = DHW (cm3) x 0.68+4 was sufficiently accurate in the ultrasound estimation of bladder volume in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A study on sex differences in temporary threshold shift (TTS) considering the menstrual cycle of women.

The purpose of the present study was to compare temporary threshold shift (TTS) of women at varying phases of the menstrual cycle, and to compare the TTS of women with TTS of men. The menstrual cycle was divided into three phases: preovulation, postovulation and menstruation. Nine women and seven men were, after 5 min rest, exposed to continuous white noise of 100 dB for 8 min. The audiometry was done with 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 6,000 and 8,000 Hz test tones at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min of recovery. The largest threshold shift was found at 6,000 Hz for women and at 4,000 Hz for men. In the three phases of the female menstrual cycle, TTS at 2,000, 3,000 and 4,000 Hz was smaller in the postovulatory phase than in the other two phases. Men showed a larger TTS at 3,000 and 4,000 Hz and a smaller TTS at 6,000 Hz than women in all phases of the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The effects of the menstrual cycle on temporary threshold shift (TTS) and sex differences in TTS].

The aim of this research was to investigate the influences of the menstrual cycles of women on temporary threshold shift (TTS) and to compare the results with TTS of men. The subjects were, after 5 min rest, exposed to 100dB of continuous white noise for 8 min. The audiometry with a 4000 Hz test tone was done in the 45-min recovery process. In the three phases of the menstrual cycle, TTS tended to be lower in postovulatory phase than in preovulatory phase and during menstruation. The male TTS was higher than that of the female in all phases of menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) with hearing impairment and pupillary membrane remnants.

A Japanese boy aged 13 months was referred to us because thickened ribs had been observed on a chest X-ray taken during a respiratory infection. mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) was diagnosed based on urinary glycosaminoglycan analysis and low activity of arylsulfatase B in peripheral leukocytes. He had mild pupillary membrane remnants, but no corneal opacities. The auditory brainstem response revealed moderate hearing impairment, which may have caused his subnormal DQ score of 85 at the age of 19 months. Although MPS VI is characterized by normal intellectual development with normal hearing in early infancy, it is important to examine for hearing loss, especially when an infant with this disease shows developmental delay.

Hearing Disorders↗
PubMed1980

Vanadate enhances the stimulatory action of insulin on DNA synthesis in cultured mouse mammary gland.

In order to assess the importance of ions in the regulation of mammary epithelial cell proliferation, the effect of various polyvalent ions was examined on insulin- and lithium-ion-dependent DNA synthesis in mouse mammary gland from virgin mice cultured in a serum-free, chemically defined medium. Addition of 2 to 10 microM orthovanadate enhanced the stimulatory effect of insulin on DNA synthesis in cultured tissue. Similar results were obtained with metavanadate. In contrast, vanadate did not augment Li+-stimulated DNA synthesis but rather inhibited this process. Vanadate by itself caused only a slight stimulation of DNA synthesis. These results indicate that vanadate acts as a co-mitogen in insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis in cultured mammary cells and suggest that the mitogenic action of insulin involves an ion-dependent path which may be common to the actions of vanadate and lithium ion.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Putrescine and the regulation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase in cultured mouse mammary gland.

The activity of S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (S-adenosyl-L-methionine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.50) purified from mouse mammary gland can be stimulated by physiological concentrations of putrescine (Ka = 5 x 10(-7) M). In contrast, the elevation of the intracellular concentrations of putrescine in cultured mouse mammary tissue by exogenous addition of putrescine or by cultivation of the tissue in hypotonic medium results in the decrease in both the activity and the amount of the enzyme in tissue. Conversely, the addition of 1 mM alpha-methyl ornithine, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, causes augmentation of the activity and the amount of S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase, despite its inhibitory action on insulin-stimulated increase in the concentration of putrescine. These data suggest that putrescine can act as a 'negative' regulator of the enzyme in this system.

Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase↗
PubMed1979

Induction by lithium ion of multiplication of mouse mammary epithelium in culture.

Lithium ion at concentrations between 2 and 20 mM simulated the stimulatory effects of insulin on the uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, synthesis of RNA and DNA, and cell multiplication in mouse mammary gland explants cultured in a chemically defined synthetic medium. Other monovalent cations were virtually ineffective. In most instances the stimulatory effect of lithium ion was somewhat smaller than and additive to that of insulin. However, lithium ion was incapable of substituting for the action of insulin in augmenting milk protein synthesis in mammary explants cultured with other lactogenic hormones, prolactin, and glucocorticoid. The observed similarities of the responses of mammary cells to lithium and insulin suggest that possible importance of cation(s) in the regulation of mammary cell proliferation, which may be a common basis for the action of the two agents. On the other hand, the observed inability of lithium to mimic the lactogenic effect of insulin indicates a specific function of the hormone in the functional differentiation of mammary cells.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipoma on surface of centroparietal lobes.

A 4-year-old Japanese boy with an intracranial lipoma above the surface of the left centroparietal lobes is reported. Paresthesia occurred in the right lower extremity. This symptom continued for 30 min and recurred several times a day. Three weeks after onset, the paresthesia disappeared spontaneously. Ten months after onset, generalized tonic seizures occurred. Routine cranial computed tomography at onset revealed no remarkable lesion, but subsequently full scans, including the slice at the top of the cerebrum, revealed low-density areas on the surface of the left centroparietal lobes. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hyperintense area in the same regions. The intensity of these areas was decreased by the fat saturation technique; therefore, an intracranial lipoma at a very rare site was diagnosed.

Brain Neoplasms↗