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Biomedical subjects

C Howard

Publications and source records attributed to C Howard.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The role of mental concepts in explaining neurotic behaviour.

This paper attempts to define the areas of applicability of behavioural and mentalistic explanations of neurotic behaviour. It is argued that intentional behaviour requires mental concepts for its explanation on the grounds that the statement of reasons which form the basis of intentions cannot be submitted to a stimulus-response analysis. This argument applies to situations in which the therapist uncovers the reasons for purposeful action of which the agent may initially be unaware. It is further argued that behaviour of this kind is rule-conforming and not law-abiding and therefore is not susceptible to explanations of the kind that are available in other areas of science. It is nevertheless argued that causal explanations can be given in terms of reasons for action.

Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epitope mapping of HBsAg using a panel of human anti-HBs antibodies.

Mapping of B cell epitopes on HBsAg was performed using a panel of human anti-HBs antibodies. Synthetic peptides representing different regions of HBsAg failed to inhibit the binding of two antibodies which recognized non-conformational HBsAg determinants in dot-blot ELISA and HBsAg polypeptide bands in immunoblot analysis. Cross-inhibition studies using five of the antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase suggested that at least three different epitopes are recognised by the panel of antibodies, two of which are within the 'a' group determinant.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of the percent of positive Chlamydia trachomatis direct fluorescent antibody detection tests with the adequacy of specimen collection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate, intracellular parasite infecting the columnar and transitional cells lining the endocervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, rectum, urethra, and epididymis. We determined if the percent of specimens positive for C. trachomatis in the Microtrak Direct Specimen Test depended on the quality of specimens obtained. Female genital slides (649) were evaluated by the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test for the presence and numbers of (a) C. trachomatis elementary bodies and (b) columnar, transitional and squamous epithelial cells, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Only 138 (21.3%) of the 649 slides were considered to be adequately taken, that is, containing columnar/transitional cells either alone or in conjunction with squamous cells and/or PMNs. Of the 138 adequate slides, 10 (7.2%) were C. trachomatis positive. However, 511 (78.7%) of the 649 slides were judged inadequate; 395 contained only squamous cells and/or PMNs, 19 were too thick to determine cell types, 46 contained only cell debris, and 51 contained neither cells nor debris. Only four (0.78%) of 511 were C. trachomatis positive. Thus adequate specimens containing columnar/transitional cells for C. trachomatis detection had a tenfold increase in the percent of positive results compared to inadequately collected specimens. By using the DFA test, one has the advantage of determining the adequacy of the specimens obtained as well as the presence of chlamydiae.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Foreign-body synovitis mimicking septic arthritis of the knee.

Three cases are presented of recurrent synovitis of the knee in children caused by the presence of foreign material. There was no clear history of trauma. Arthroscopy is a useful method providing early diagnosis and simultaneous treatment of this condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Economic and ethical considerations in managed care.

The growth of managed care has had a significant impact on the way hospitals provide medical services, the relationships between hospitals and physicians, and the relationships between providers and patients. This impact arises primarily from the economic constraints that managed care places on the provider. As hospital employees or contractors, and as consumers of health care services, clinical engineering personnel need to understand the effects of managed care on the hospital and the physician. Beyond general information, this knowledge can play a useful role in understanding the impact of managed care on the acquisition and use of medical technology, and the increasing role that clinical engineering can play in guiding investment in, use and maintenance of hospital medical equipment. Ironically, this potential for increased value occurs at a time when clinical engineering services and departments themselves are under increased scrutiny for their more measurable costs and value.

Cost Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fast-track care after cardiac surgery.

This article explains the rationale for fast-track management of low-risk cardiac surgical patients and describes the selection process and care received by these patients at the Royal Brompton Hospital. A review of the fast-track audit is presented and discussed.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Educational programme for staff implementing a new renal replacement therapy.

Haemofiltration is increasingly being considered as an alternative choice of treatment to conventional Haemodialysis for patients with Acute and Chronic Renal Failure. A leading company in renal replacement therapy offered the renal unit the challenge of being one of the first units in the United Kingdom to trial a new on-line Haemofiltration machine.

Competency-Based Education↗