Biomedical subjects

C Howie

Publications and source records attributed to C Howie.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Measurement of capillary cholesterol as an aid to the management of hypertensive patients with hyperlipidaemia--an assessment of the Reflotron.

The Reflotron dry chemistry method of capillary cholesterol measurement has been widely adopted as a rapid means of population screening. We attempted to use it to monitor changes in cholesterol in a trial of intensive dietary intervention in hyperlipidaemic hypertensives. Four hundred and eighty-nine capillary cholesterol levels measured by the Reflotron were compared with levels for venous samples obtained simultaneously and assayed by the Biochemistry Department using conventional laboratory methods. The mean difference between them was 0.3 mmol/l +/- 0.8 (SD). Approximately one-third of the variability in the difference between the two methods was explained by the variables, Reflotron machine used and time (R2 = 54%, adjusted R2 = 34%). We conclude that the Reflotron is not suitable for accurate assessment of the modest changes in cholesterol which occur in individual patients during dietary intervention.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗

PubMed1991

Measurement of capillary cholesterol in hyperlipidemia.

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Capillaries↗

PubMed1989

Skeletal muscle beta 2-adrenoreceptors and the effect of adrenergic drugs on plasma potassium in perinephritis hypertension in rabbits.

1. It has been suggested that beta 2-adrenoreceptors in skeletal muscle regulate plasma potassium. The possibility that alterations in the function and/or density of these receptors occurs in perinephritis hypertension in rabbits was studied. 2. Intravenous infusion of adrenaline (0.2 micrograms kg-1 min-1) caused a fall in potassium while intravenous bolus injection of propranolol (0.75 mg kg-1) resulted in an increase in serum potassium which was of similar magnitude in both perinephritis hypertensive and sham-operated normotensive rabbits. 3. Binding studies with the radioligand [125I] cyanopindolol (ICYP) showed that there were no significant differences between the hypertensive and normotensive rabbits in the density (Bmax) or affinity (KD) of the skeletal muscle beta 2-adrenoreceptor. 4. The results suggest that function and density of skeletal muscle beta 2-adrenoreceptors are not altered in rabbits with perinephritis hypertension.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

Sparing the flushes.

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Climacteric↗

PubMed1986

The effects of conjugated equine oestrogens with and without a cyclical progestogen on lipoproteins, and HDL subfractions in postmenopausal women.

Serum lipoprotein levels were followed for 24 weeks in 21 oophorectomised women treated with conjugated equine oestrogens (0.625 mg/day) and 21 women who had had a natural menopause and were treated with a combined preparation consisting of conjugated equine oestrogens (0.625 mg/day) with the addition of dl-norgestrel (0.15 mg/day) for the last 12 days of each treatment cycle. Conjugated equine oestrogens caused a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, especially HDL2 cholesterol, and a significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in LDL cholesterol. Those subjects treated with conjugated equine oestrogens plus cyclical norgestrel showed a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in LDL cholesterol levels only.

Cholesterol↗

PubMed1985

Pharmacodynamics and population pharmacokinetics of enalapril and lisinopril.

The di-acid metabolite of enalapril, enalaprilat, and its lysine analogue lisinopril are potent inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE); they do not contain sulphydryl groups. Both drugs can be assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography and by radioimmunoassay and plasma ACE inhibition remains stable under normal storage conditions. It is therefore possible to study their pharmacokinetics as well as their pharmacodynamic effects in man. Enalaprilat and lisinopril as well as ACE activity have been measured in blood taken during the course of two studies of the effects of these drugs on blood pressure and autonomic responsiveness. A population pharmacokinetic analysis approach applied to a few concentration-time data points in each of a relatively large number of subjects provided average population parameter estimates of the absorption rate constant, volume of distribution and clearance which correspond closely with the limited published data based on conventional pharmacokinetic approaches. It also provided estimates of pharmacodynamic parameters and the concentration of the drug required to produce a 50% ACE inhibition. Population drug concentration data obtained in the course of early clinical evaluations of new drugs may provide a rational basis for dosage regimens with improved efficacy and, in particular, reduced concentration-related toxic effects.

Adult↗

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