Biomedical subjects

C Hurley

Publications and source records attributed to C Hurley.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

A multidisciplinary educational program to promote head and neck cancer screening.

An educational program to promote screening through primary health care for the squamous cell cancers of the buccal cavity, pharynx, and larynx as developed and implemented, and its impact on screening was documented. Providers of care for high-risk patients at seven inner-city health care sites in Boston were identified and targeted for training. Of the 327 providers who were targeted for training from December 1986 through June 1989, 261 (80%) attended educational sessions. Screening exams were documented on an average of 14.7 patients per targeted provider through December 1989. The educational program was associated with a large increase in documented screening for these cancers, compared with baseline rates. Several adaptations in the program were required, including a demonstration of efficient screening to address the concerns of these providers about time constraints. Variations in the quantity and quality of documented screening among health care sites were noted.

Boston↗

PubMed1992

Improving social skills and disruptive behavior in children with autism through self-management.

The literature suggests that children with autism typically are unresponsive to verbal initiations from others in community settings, and that such unresponsiveness can lead to problematic social interactions and severely disruptive behavior. The present study assessed whether self-management could be used as a technique to produce extended improvements in responsiveness to verbal initiations from others in community, home, and school settings without the presence of a treatment provider. The results showed that children with autism who displayed severe deficits in social skills could learn to self-manage responsivity to others in multiple community settings, and that such improvements were associated with concomitant reductions in disruptive behavior without the need for special intervention. The results are discussed in terms of their significance for improved development of social skills in children with autism.

Autistic Disorder↗

PubMed1991

An automated patient registration and treatment randomization system for multicenter clinical trials.

This article describes an automated patient registration/treatment randomization system for multicenter clinical trials. Registrations take place centrally using telephone keypads (tone-dial) for data entry and synthesized speech (at the coordinating center) for confirmation. The system permits a wide variety of protocol designs and treatment assignment schemes and presently supports more than 85 protocols of the Pediatric Oncology Group. It is developed in modules to permit easy addition/deletion of studies and treating sites. The system permits uninterrupted, unattended operation at the coordinating center 7 days a week, 24 hours a day.

Clinical Protocols↗

PubMed1990

Arg74 in HLA-DRB1 and DRB3 controls a DR3-related epitope.

TR81 is a specificity closely related to or identical with DR3. In Caucasoids two amino acids, Tyr at position 26 and Arg at position 74 of HLA class II DR beta chains, have been found to be associated with the presence of TR81. Recently, a variant of DRB1*03 identified in American Blacks has been shown to possess Arg at position 74 but Phe at position 26. This codon combination is found to be present in four other cell lines where it still specifies the TR81 determinant. This suggests that the TR81 specificity is uniquely dependent on the presence of Arg at position 74.

Arginine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Soy protein isolate in the presence of cornstarch reduces body fat gain in rats.

The objective of the present study was to determine the combined effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate sources on total body energy and protein and fat gains as well as on plasma insulin and glucose and tissue lipoprotein lipase activity in male Sprague-Dawley rats fed semipurified diets for 28 days. The diets varied in both protein and carbohydrate sources, namely, casein-cornstarch, casein-sucrose, soy protein isolate (SPI)-cornstarch, SPI-sucrose, cod protein-cornstarch, and cod protein-sucrose. When SPI was combined with cornstarch, lower total body energy and fat gains were observed compared with the combination of either casein and sucrose, casein and cornstarch, or SPI and sucrose. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in addition to total and metabolizable energy intake and body weight gain were lower in rats fed the SPI-cornstarch diet than in those fed the casein-sucrose diet. Feeding the SPI-cornstarch diet compared with feeding either the casein-cornstarch or the SPI-sucrose diet also caused lower plasma glucose concentrations and a concomitant trend (p = 0.06) to reduced energy intake and body weight gain. Therefore, the reducing effects of the SPI-cornstarch diet compared with the casein-cornstarch, the casein-sucrose, and the SPI-sucrose diets on body energy and fat gains may result from reductions in energy intake and in plasma glucose concentrations.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Use of health services before diagnosis of head and neck cancer among Boston residents.

One hundred thirty incident cases of head and neck cancer in Boston between September 1, 1985, and March 31, 1988, provided interview or medical record review data on the use of health services in the 24 months preceding the diagnosis of cancer. One hundred twenty-four subjects were able to recall whether and how often they visited health care sites in this period, reporting a median number of 10.5 visits; 94% recalled at least one visit. Eighty-nine medical record reviews indicated a median of seven visits. For the most part, these visits were to providers whom subjects considered their regular source of care--sources that provided care in a broad range of locations. These data support a strategy of integrating screening for head and neck cancers into existing health care services.

Adult↗