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Biomedical subjects

C Hutson

Publications and source records attributed to C Hutson.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The prototypic antidepressant drug, imipramine, but not Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort), reduces HPA-axis function in the rat.

Dysregulation in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis may be involved in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Chronic therapy with standard antidepressant drugs, such as imipramine, can downregulate HPA axis function, indicating that the HPA axis may be an important target for antidepressant action. We tested several doses of a standardized commercial preparation of Hypericum perforatum plant extract (popularly known as St. John's Wort), a medicinal herb used for treating mild depressive symptoms, to determine whether it also modulated HPA axis function. Chronic imipramine treatment (daily injections for 8 weeks) of male Sprague-Dawley rats significantly downregulated circulating plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone compared to animals treated with saline. However, chronic St. John's Wort treatment (daily gavage for 8 weeks) had no effect on plasma ACTH or corticosterone, even at the highest doses tested. Our results confirm previous findings that imipramine may have significant peripheral HPA axis-mediated effects. However, our data does not support any role for H. perforatum in modulation of HPA axis function, suggesting that alternative pathways may be involved in mediating its antidepressant effects.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed2002

Tachycardia and convulsions induced by accidental intravascular ropivacaine injection during sciatic block.

Ropivacaine, a recently introduced local anesthetic of the amide family (1), seems to show less toxicity than bupivacaine (2-4). Nevertheless, both neurologic and cardiovascular toxicities are possible. Six cases of ropivacaine-induced convulsions have previously been reported (5-10), of which three cases also showed cardiovascular toxicity. In three cases, total plasma concentrations were measured (Table 1).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Social work practice with pre- and post-liver transplant patients: a retrospective self study.

This paper describes a retrospective, practice-based research study of social work interventions with liver transplant candidates and recipients. This study is based on a retrospective chart review conducted to examine psychosocial risk factors, interventions and medical outcomes. Psychosocial interventions provided to patients and families before and after transplant will be described as well as their relationship to medical outcomes. Research Findings and practice implications will be discussed.

Counseling↗
PubMed1995

Intralesional sustained-release chemotherapy with therapeutic implants for treatment of canine sun-induced squamous cell carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most frequently reported malignant epithelial tumour in dogs. Canine sun-induced SCC represents a useful animal model to evaluate new therapeutic modalities for possible human applications. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of treating sun-induced SCC in dogs with intralesional sustained-released chemotherapeutic gel implants that contained collagen, epinephrine (epi), and either 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or cisplatin (CDDP). Dogs with large, single SCC or fields of multiple SCC were treated with 5-FU/epi gel for a minimum of three weekly injections. Dogs without a complete response were then treated with CDDP/epi gel for a minimum of three weekly treatments. We treated from one to 11 primary, recurrent, or refractory SCC per dog (tumour size 0.2-92.4 cm2; mean cumulative tumour area of 40.7 cm2 per dog). All dogs had at least 50% reduction in cumulative tumour area after treatment with 5-FU/epi gel. More than half (seven of 13) had complete resolution of SCC after treatment with 5-FU/epi gel or CDDP/epi gel. Minimal local tissue reactions were noted; no systemic toxicity occurred. Sustained-release chemotherapy using intralesional 5-FU/epi gel and CDDP/epi gel therapeutic implants is effective in treating canine sun-induced SCC of the skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Congestive heart failure associated with hyperthyroidism in cats.

Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in 4 cats with congestive heart failure. Dyspnea and anorexia were observed in 3 of the 4 cats. In each cat, a holosystolic left and/or right apical heart murmur was auscultated. In 3 cats, a prominent extra heart sound (gallop rhythm) was auscultated. All cats had a palpably large thyroid lobe(s) and weight loss. The laboratory and ECG changes were similar to those reported for feline hyperthyroidism. Moderate-to-severe pleural effusion and cardiomegaly were detected via radiography in all cats. Some cats had radiographic signs of pulmonary venous engorgement and pulmonary edema. Echocardiography revealed cardiac dilatation and low left ventricular shortening fraction (wall motion) in all cats. Three cats responded initially to cardiac drugs and propylthiouracil or thyroidectomy. One of these died later, presumably from an adverse reaction to propylthiouracil, and the others died from recurrent congestive heart failure (1) or postoperative cardiac arrest (1). One cat did not respond to treatment, and died 2 days after diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Intralymphatic autochthonous tumor cell vaccine in canine lymphoma.

Canine lymphoma is analogous to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and is responsive to similar cytotoxic agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate a tumor cell vaccine delivered via peripheral lymphatics as maintenance therapy after induction of remission with chemotherapy. Thirty dogs with histologically confirmed lymphoma were treated with chemoimmunotherapy, and were induced into remission with combination chemotherapy, followed by intralymphatic (IL) autochthonous tumor cell vaccines as maintenance therapy. All dogs received two cycles of chemotherapy and at least three vaccine infusions. The median survival was 13 months with 11/30 (36%) still alive at 1-3 years follow-up. The median remission duration was 16 weeks while on IL vaccines alone. The survival time and remission duration is longer than previously reported in canine lymphoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Patterns of attendance at Jamaican sickle cell clinics 1952 to 1981.

The development of sickle cell clinics in Jamaica over a 30-year period is reviewed. The clinics are expanding almost exponentially, new cases of SS disease being recruited at approximately 150 per year and new cases of SC disease at approximately 60 per year. In the first 20 years, the median age of clinic attenders increased markedly but has remained stable since 1970. This stable age structure in the presence of an almost exponential rate of clinic expansion implies that the influx of young cases is balanced by the increasing age of existing clinic attenders. The pattern of new referrals has also changed to that of predominantly young patients, suggesting that the bulk of symptomatic older patients in the community have already been recruited into the clinic population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Diagnostic needle muscle biopsy. A practical and reliable alternative to open biopsy.

The technique of needle muscle biopsy using the Bergstr öm needle has been in routine use in our muscle clinic since 1978. In an initial feasibility study 24 children had a needle and an open biopsy performed simultaneously through extension of the same incision and 22 had identical interpretation of the needle and open biopsies. Needle biopsies have subsequently been performed in 674 children and have been satisfactory for diagnostic assessment in 656. The samples have been of adequate size and comparable in quality to our previous open biopsies, with good preservation and orientation. Needle muscle biopsy under local anaesthetic is quicker and less traumatic than open biopsy and leaves only a very small scar. Sufficient muscle can be obtained for routine histological, histochemical, and electronmicroscopic diagnosis, as well as for specialised biochemical and research purposes. There seems little justification for the continued use of open biopsy for routine investigation of neuromuscular disease.

Adolescent↗