Finance issue brief: women's health: breast & cervical cancer screenings.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C I Plaza.
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To craft health care policy that betters the health conditions of millions of border residents and migrant laborers, both state and federal policymakers must understand the barriers that this population faces when trying to obtain health care services.
Do mandates cost insurers, employers or policyholders more money? If so, who should pay? While many enrollees and some legislators argue that mandating coverage is necessary to ensure adequate benefits, insurers claim that the state laws requiring them to provide coverage for specified procedures, drugs or screenings increase premiums.
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Individual and small group market reforms are intended to increase access to health insurance. The majority of the working uninsured are employed by small businesses, prompting state legislatures to make changes in the small group market. Many states did this on their own; however, to ensure that health insurance was reaching the most people possible, the federal government enacted the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. This act required states without extensive law in the small group and individual insurance market to enact laws to comply with provisions such as guaranteed issue, guaranteed renewal, preexisting conditions, portability and nondiscrimination. It also delved into other areas, including long-term care, inpatient care after childbirth, medical savings accounts and mental health parity.
Individual and small group market reforms are intended to increase access to health insurance. The majority of the working uninsured are employed by small businesses, prompting state legislatures to make changes in the small group market. Many states did this on their own; however to ensure that health insurance was reaching the most people possible, the federal government enacted the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. This act required states without extensive law in the small group and individual insurance market to enact laws to comply with provisions such as guaranteed issue, guaranteed renewal, preexisting conditions, portability and nondiscrimination. It also delved into other areas, including long-term care, inpatient care after childbirth, medical savings accounts and mental health parity.
Under what circumstances is an enrollee in a managed care plan eligible to exercise judgment as a "prudent layperson" in determining that an emergency medical condition exists? Does his or her condition justify immediate attention without prior authorization, even if it means an emergency room visit or dialing 911?
By enacting legislation to mandate a health insurance benefit, legislators require health plans to provide coverage for particular treatments, screenings, prescriptions and providers. During the 1998 state legislative sessions, several new and somewhat controversial mandates emerged at the forefront of discussion, including coverage for contraceptives, general anesthesia for dental procedures and newborn hearing screening. In 1999, all three of these mandates and others have gained speed as some sessions hit their midpoints and many adjourn.