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C Ide

Publications and source records attributed to C Ide.

126 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Establishment and characterization of four human monocytoid leukemia cell lines (JOSK-I, -S, -M and -K) with capabilities of monocyte-macrophage lineage differentiation and constitutive production of interleukin 1.

Four monocytoid cell lines, JOSK-I, -S, -M, and -K, were newly established successfully from peripheral blood of two cases of acute monocytic leukemia and one case each of acute myelomonocytic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in myelomonocytic blast crisis. In order to establish permanent cell lines, cultures of leukemic blasts were initiated in 96-well microtiter plates. Each cell line grew in a suspension culture with a doubling time of 24-32 h and has been serially maintained for over 20 mo. Each line had immature monocytic properties as judged from the results of cytological, immunochemical, and functional analyses. The cells showed a positive reaction for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase which was completely inhibited by sodium fluoride and exhibited immature monocytic features on electron microscopic observation. They also had surface markers specific for the monocyte-macrophage lineage. Chromosome analyses showed that each line had a variety of marker chromosomes; furthermore, these established lines exhibited high potentialities involving morphological and functional differentiation into more mature monocytic cells when induced by several chemical inducers. We also found that two of the established cell lines produced much interleukin 1 activity without any stimuli. These new lines might be valuable for studying the regulation of monocyte-macrophage differentiation and host defense mechanisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Regulation in the neural plate of Xenopus laevis demonstrated by genetic markers.

To follow the subsequent history of grafted tissue in experiments designed to study regulation and commitment in the amphibian neural plate, previous workers have relied on graft scars, vital dyes applied externally to cells, or xenoplastic grafts. Each of these methods has been criticized on the grounds that they do not indicate unambiguously the origins of individual cells within the operated host. To overcome these difficulties, homoplastic, genetically marked embryonic grafts were taken from the prospective spinal neuroectoderm of triploid and tetraploid Xenopus laevis frogs and transplanted to presumptive eye and prosencephalic regions of the neural plate of diploid X. laevis embryos. Orthotopic presumptive eye grafts also were done. Marked cells were scored in section either by nucleolar number or computerized nuclear size analysis. Of 28 heterotopically grafted embryos that survived to stage 41, when the retina has differentiated, prospective spinal cord neuroectoderm in eight animals gave rise to cell types unique to the eye. The remaining 20 survivors appeared to be mosaic. These results substantiate claims of regulation in the neural plate and extend these observations to the level of individual cell types, a level of resolution not previously obtained in other studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Freeze-fracture study of the mechanoreceptive digital corpuscles of mice.

The freeze-fracture replication technique was used to study the mechanoreceptive digital corpuscles in toe pads of mice. The axon terminal plasmalemma had intramembranous particles (IMPs) at a density of 2367 +/- 517 microns-2 (mean +/- S.E.M.) in the P-face and 84 +/- 4 microns-2 in the E-face. Particles were 10 +/- 1.8 nm in diameter in the P-face and 10 +/- 1.5 nm (mean +/- S.D.) in the E-face. Particle-rich and particle-free areas were noted in the P-face. The lamellar cell plasmalemma had IMPs at a density of 3359 +/- 224 microns-2 in the P-face and 265 +/- 95 microns-2 in the E-face. Particles were 10 +/- 1.4 nm in diameter in the P-face and 10 +/- 1.6 nm in the E-face. Non-terminal unmyelinated fibres in the connective tissue compartment of toe pads were also examined: the P-faces of the axolemma and Schwann cell plasmalemma had IMPs at a density of 1356 +/- 283 microns-2 and 1514 +/- 514 microns-2, respectively, while the E-face of these membranes had only a few particles. Particles were 9 +/- 1.2 nm and 10 +/- 1.6 nm in diameter in the P-faces of axon and Schwann cell plasmalemmata, respectively. The results show that the IMPs in terminal axolemma and in lamellar cell plasmalemma have a much higher density than those of non-terminal axons or Schwann cells in myelinated and unmyelinated fibres. In addition, IMPs in the terminal axolemma are larger than those in non-terminal axolemma except for the nodal axolemma. It can be said that plasmalemmata of both the axon terminals and lamellar cells of digital corpuscles are specialized in terms of IMPs, suggesting that they have specific physiological properties in mechanoreceptive functions including mechano-electric transduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Macrophages in Pacinian corpuscles.

The presence of macrophages in the outer bulb region of mouse, monkey and human Pacinian corpuscles was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. In the normal, nontreated, Pacinian corpuscles, a few particular cells were located in the spaces between lamellae of the outer bulb. These cells contained numerous vesicles and vacuoles, and various cytoplasmic processes. When horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected locally or systemically, many HRP-positive cells, which were considered to be similar to the particular cells described above, were found in the outer bulb region of the corpuscles. Electron microscopy revealed that these cells contained HRP in vesicles and vacuoles, suggesting that they were macrophages vigorously taking up exogenous HRP. Macrophages in the Pacinian corpuscles are considered to work as scavengers to keep the inner environment of the corpuscles clear and constant with regard to its macromolecular content.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Myelin figures in the basal-granulated cells of human Brunner's glands.

Peculiar myelin figures were abundantly found in some basal-granulated cells including S, D1 and I cells in human Brunner's glands. Intense acid phosphatase activity was found in the periphery of the myelin figures, indicating that they were secondary lysosomes or residual bodies. The acid phosphatase activity was also found in some secretory granules. There were some secretory granules which were partly membranous in content, suggesting the initial stage of their degradation into myelin figures. There were also features indicating the fusion of secretory granules with the myelin figures. All these findings suggest that the myelin figures are the products of lysosomal degradation of secretory granules. The rate of occurrence of basal-granulated cells containing myelin figures in Brunner's glands tended to be higher in subjects with duodenal ulcer than in cases of gastric cancer or ulcer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1984

The localization of laminin and fibronectin on the Schwann cell basal lamina.

The localization of laminin and fibronectin was examined on the basal laminae of Schwann cells. Basal laminae from sciatic nerves were isolated by sonication, and the localization of laminin and fibronectin on such isolated basal laminae was studied by immunoferritin histochemistry. Laminin was localized mainly on the cellular side (i.e. the side originally facing the Schwann cell plasma membrane) of the basal laminae. On the other hand, fibronectin was found to be present as aggregates only on the interstitial side (i.e., the side originally facing the endoneurial connective tissue) of the basal laminae. Thus, the locations of laminin and fibronectin were distinctly different. It is presumed that laminin might be involved in the attachment of axons and Schwann cells to the basal laminae, while fibronectin mediates the adhesion of the basal laminae to connective tissue elements, including the collagen fibrils. These findings are discussed from a standpoint of nerve regeneration through the basal laminae scaffolds of Schwann cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Schwann cell basal lamina and nerve regeneration.

Nerve segments approximately 7 mm long were excised from the predegenerated sciatic nerves of mice, and treated 5 times by repetitive freezing and thawing to kill the Schwann cells. Such treated nerve segments were grafted into the original places so as to be in contact with the proximal stumps. The animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after the grafting. The grafts were examined by electron microscopy in the middle part of the graft, i.e. 3-4 mm distal to the proximal end and/or near the proximal and distal ends of the graft. In other instances, the predegenerated nerve segments were minced with a razor blade after repetitive freezing and thawing. Such minced nerves were placed in contact with the proximal stumps of the same nerves. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the grafting. Within 1-2 days after grafting, the dead Schwann cells had disintegrated into fragments. They were then gradually phagocytosed by macrophages. The basal laminae of Schwann cells, which were not attacked by macrophages, remained as empty tubes (basal lamina scaffolds). In the grafts we examined, no Schwann cells survived the freezing and thawing process. The regenerating axons always grew out through such basal lamina scaffolds, being in contact with the inner surface of the basal lamina (i.e. the side originally facing the Schwann cell plasma membrane). No axons were found outside of the scaffolds. One to two days after grafting, the regenerating axons were not associated with Schwann cells, but after 5-7 days they were accompanied by Schwann cells which were presumed to be migrating along axons from the proximal stumps. Ten days after grafting, proliferating Schwann cells observed in the middle part of the grafts had begun to sort out axons. In the grafts of minced nerves, the fragmented basal laminae of the Schwann cells re-arranged themselves into thicker strands or small aggregations of basal laminae. The regenerating axons, without exception, attached to one side of such modified basal laminae. Collagen fibrils were in contact with the other side, indicating that these modified basal laminae had the same polarity in terms of cell attachment as seen in the ordinary basal laminae of the scaffolds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of anionic sites on the basal lamina of Schwann cells.

Basal laminae (BL) were separated from Schwann cells of rat sciatic nerves by means of weak sonication, and the anionic sites of the BL were demonstrated by using cationized ferritin (CF) or ruthenium red (RR). CF particles were deposited in clusters at intervals of 100-150 nm on the interstitial side of the BL facing the connective tissue, while the cellular side facing the Schwann cell plasmalemma showed only an occasional deposition of CF particles. RR-positive sites were found only on the interstitial side with a pattern of distribution comparable to that of CF-binding sites. These results indicate that the patterns of anionic site distribution are different between the inner and outer surfaces of the Schwann cell BL.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Nearest-neighbor distance of intermediate filaments in axons and Schwann cells. Distinction between axons and schwann cell processes in the denervated and reinnervated peripheral nerves.

To distinguish axons from Schwann cell processes in the denervated (Büngner's bands) and reinnervated peripheral nerves, the nearest-neighbor distance of intermediate filaments (NND) was measured in axons and Schwann cells from denervated and subsequent regenerating peripheral nerves. It was revealed that the NND was much larger in regenerating axons (41.9 +/- 14.1 nm) than in Schwann cell processes (23.1 +/- 7.1 nm in regeneration and 19.7 +/- 5.8 nm in denervation). In addition, the NND was also measured in the normal adult and developing peripheral nerves, and it became clear that in all cases the NND in axons (29.0-41.9 nm) was larger than in Schwann cells (19.7-23.1 nm). Thus, it can be generally considered that the NND is larger in axons than in Schwann cells. This fact can be used for the distinction between axons and Schwann cell processes, when the latter have a profile similar to that of the former as in Büngner's bands and in the regenerating nerves.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Nerve regeneration and Schwann cell basal lamina: observations of the long-term regeneration.

Nerve segments approximately 6-7 mm long were excised from the predegenerated sciatic nerves of mice, and treated 5 times by repetitive freezing and thawing to kill the Schwann cells. Such treated nerve segments were grafted into the original place, being in contact with the proximal stump of the sciatic nerve. The animals were sacrificed 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days, 2, 3, 5 and 8 weeks after the grafting. The grafts were examined at the middle level, i.e., about 3-4 mm distal to the proximal end of the graft, by light and electron microscopy. Within 2-3 days after the grafting, the dead Schwann cells were disintegrated into fragments and gradually phagocytized by macrophages. However, the basal laminae of the Schwann cells remained as empty tubes (basal lamina scaffolds). The notable finding was that the regenerating axons always grew through these basal lamina scaffolds. New Schwann cells seemed to migrate along these axons from the proximal stumps. The number of axons growing through the basal lamina scaffolds gradually increased with time. These axons were surrounded in a bundle by Schwann cells. About 1 week after the grafting, axons began to be segregated into smaller bundles by Schwann cells. Axons with a relatively large diameter (about 2 microns) tended to be sorted out and surrounded by their own Schwann cells. The myelination began about 2 weeks after the grafting on such large diameter axons. The basal lamina scaffolds, through which the regenerating axons had grown, were gradually disintegrated into fragments by the expansive forces due to the increase in number and volume of the regenerating axons and Schwann cells. Groups of axons, which had been derived from the same basal lamina scaffolds, were enclosed with the cells resembling perineurial epithelial cells. These perineurial epithelial cells proliferated and further separated groups of axons into smaller ones or even into single axons. The number of myelinated axons increased with the advancement of regeneration. These results show that the basal lamina scaffolds of Schwann cells serve as efficient conduits for the elongation, maintenance and maturation of regenerating axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of hemopoietic precursor cells in juvenile-type chronic myelocytic leukemia.

In order to study the pathogenesis of juvenile-type chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), we examined the colony-forming capacity and colony composition in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) of three children with juvenile-type CML. Large numbers of granulocytes and macrophage colonies were formed by BM and PB cells. Whole agar culture staining revealed that especially macrophage colonies increased in comparison with normal controls. After removal of carbonyl iron-laden cells with a magnet or deprivation of cells adherent to glass from BM cells, the number of macrophage colonies markedly reduced in comparison with the number of colonies formed by untreated BM cells, suggesting that some of the macrophage colony-forming cells (M-CFC) may have phagocytic and/or adherent activity. Radiation sensitivity and thymidine suicide rate of these M-CFC were not different from those of granulocyte colony-forming cells (G-CFC). The predominance of M-CFC in juvenile-type CML may be one of the reflections of fetal-type myelopoiesis since M-CFC are predominant in cord blood and PB in the neonatal period. Moreover, considerable numbers of erythroid-colony-forming units (CFU-E) were present in PB of all patients. It may be concluded that juvenile-type CML is a panmyelopathy with the predominance of M-CFC.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1982

Histochemical study of lamellar cell development of Meissner corpuscles.

The development of the lamellar cells of mouse digital corpuscles (Meissner corpuscle) was studied by light and electron microscopic histochemistry for cholinesterase (ChE) The materials used were the hind limbs taken from fetuses at 14, 17 and 20 days of gestation, and from young mice at 1, 5, 7, 15 and 20 days after birth. Embryonal Schwann cells had non-specific ChE activity in the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope, suggesting that they had the ability of synthesizing the enzyme. After birth, such ability gradually decreased and by five days of age non-specific ChE activity was no longer demonstrable in Schwann cells at the time when myelin sheath formation began. However, Schwann cells which were associated with the axonal tips penetrating into the epidermis still had an intense non-specific ChE activity. Such Schwann cells surrounded the axons in gradually increasing numbers of cytoplasmic processes, which later became the lamellae around the axon terminals; thus by 20 days after birth they had differentiated into mature lamellar cells of Meissner corpuscles. These lamellar cells had, as in the embryonal Schwann cells, an intense ChE activity in the cytoplasm. These findings indicate that the lamellar cell is a specialized form of Schwann cell which still retains the embryonal characteristics for synthesizing non-specific ChE.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electron microscopic study on early decidualization of the endometrium of pregnant mice, with special reference to gap junctions.

Cytological changes in mouse decidual cells during the early stages from 4.5th to 11th day of pregnancy were examined by electron microscopy with special reference to gap junctions. The most noticeable feature of decidual cells was that there was an abundance of various-shaped gap junctions such as flat, undulated, omega-shaped, and annular-shaped gap junctions. Serial sectioning revealed that annular-shaped gap junctions were separated from the decidual cell plasma membrane. Intramembranous particles (IMPs) of the gap junctions as seen by freeze-fracture displayed a well-packed arrangement and a homogeneous size. Degenerative changes first appeared in decidual cells directly contiguous with trophoblasts on the 7th day, and spread to the deeper area as clearly seen on the 8th day. Along with degeneration of decidual cells, annular-shaped gap junctions were enfolded and gradually degraded by lysosomes. IMPs of such degenerative gap junctions were irregularly arranged and heterogenous in size. The decidual tissue became thin with elongated decidual cells as the placental disc grew on the 10th day. Extremely long undulated gap junctions were present in decidual cells, and a small number of annular-shaped gap junctions were also found in the cytoplasm. The presence of abundant gap junctions as demonstrated in the present study suggests that decidual cells will be able to develop as well as to function synchronously. In addition, it is suggested that redundant gap junctions become annular-shaped to be finally degraded by lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of veno-arterial counterpulsation (VACP) on ischemic-injured myocardium. A hemodynamic, ultrastructural and cytochemical study.

An experimental study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of veno-arterial counterpulsation (VACP) on ischemic-injured myocardium. Following ischemic episodes in 9 dogs, reperfusion by VACP was performed under normal temperature for 45 min, while reperfusion by partial cardiopulmonary bypass (PCPB) was performed in another 9 dogs in order to observe cardiac function, myocardial ultrastructure and cytochemical changes. The results thus obtained can be summarized as follows: Cardiac output recovered to 100% of the pre-ischemic value 60 min after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass in the VACP group; however, only 70% at most could be recovered in the PCPB group. Glycogen granules were favorably maintained during cardiopulmonary bypass or even after the weaning in the VACP group as compared to the PCPB group. Sarcomere length after removal of cardiopulmonary bypass was almost similar to the control value in the VACP group, although this was longer than the control value. Succinate dehydrogenase activity in mitochondria was better maintained in the VACP group than in the PCPB group. From the evidence mentioned above, it was suggested that VACP is useful for the recovery of aerobic metabolism and myocardial contractility in ischemic-injured myocardium.

Acid Phosphatase↗