The argument for helmets.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Illingworth.
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Large numbers of babies are given gripe water for no valid reason or for only trivial symptoms, write Cynthia Illingworth and John Timmins. When a health visitor survey of Sheffield mothers and babies showed how widespread was the practice of giving gripe water, they decided to seek information about the nature of gripe water, the conditions which it is supposed to treat and its use by a representative number of women.
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A questionnaire was sent to the 98 health visitors who had taken part in the postnatal questionnaire study, asking them for comments on its difficulties and benefits. In their answers they referred to their staffing difficulties, the mothers' language problems, doubt about the truthfulness and accuracy of the mothers' replies to their questionnaire, and to difficulties experienced in liaison with family doctors, hospital psychiatric units, social workers and other social services. Of the 69 health visitors who replied to the questionnaire, 48 (70 per cent) thought that the study had been helpful, 14 had mixed feelings and six replied in the negative. There was little doubt that the postnatal questionnaire study had greatly increased the health visitors' understanding of maternal emotional problems and depression, and the difficulties of helping the mothers. It helped the mothers to understand more of their own feelings, and to discuss them with the health visitors in order to seek advice.
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Two-hundred children with injuries caused by playground equipment were studied. Whereas only about 9% of the total casualty attendances are for fractures, 26-5% (53) of these children had fractures. The climbing frame and the slide seemed to be associated with more severe injuries than the swing or other equipment, but more cases need to be studied to confirm this. The youngest children were at particular risk on equipment such as the wooden rocking horse or roundabout, when the speed of operation could be controlled by older children. Many of the injuries to the very youngest children occurred when they were walking behind a moving swing. Faulty equipment did not seem to be a major factor in causing accidents, but the use by older children of apparatus designed for young ones led to accidents. There was supervision, either at home, in a school playground, or in a park, in 62% of the cases. Many of the accidents were the result of the normal desire of children for experimentation and adventure.
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