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Biomedical subjects

C J Griffin

Publications and source records attributed to C J Griffin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of fluoridated sucrose on rat caries.

The present study was designed to test the effect of frequent pulses of low fluoride levels on rat caries when supplied in a standardized cariogenic rat diet containing 67% sucrose (MIT-200). The test diets were variants of Diet MIT-200 in which the sucrose component had been fluoridated with NaF solution resulting in total concentrations of 0 (control), 2, 3, 5, 10, or 20 ppm fluoride in the final diets. Rats received one of the test lots 17 times daily in a programmed feeding machine beginning at age 22 days, and were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans at age 23, 24, and 25 days. After 5 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and their mandibular molars scored for number and severity of sulcal, buccolingual, and proximal caries. Frequent daily pulses of as little as 2 ppm fluoride in dietary sucrose were effective in significantly (p less than 0.01) reducing buccolingual rat caries.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

An electron microscopic study on the aetiopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous ulcers of the oral mucosa. The fine structure of mucosal lymphocytes, reticular or reticuloid cells, macrophages and basal epithelial cells.

The present report is concerned with the immunopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). Lymphocytes in various stages of sensitization are described and their interaction with macrophages, each other and epithelial cells. Typical macrophages were seen in the lamina propria but not in affected epithelium. The phagocytic cells seen between epithelial cells and in the juxtabasal part of the lamina propria was identified as a reticuloid cell because of close connections with each other, numerous microvesicles and electron-lucent (euchromatic) nuclei. It is thought that it replaces the macrophage seen in Behçet's syndrome and oral lichen planus and is responsible for the localized nature of RAU.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1981

The ultrastructure of T and B lymphocytes in recurrent apthous ulceration of the buccal mucosa.

The purpose of the present study was to classify lymphocytes in the buccal mucosa of patients affected with recurrent apthous ulceration. Two lymphocytes were identified. The B lymphocyte was characterized by an extensive Golgi complex, an extensive tubular rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, and an extensive canalicular system. Usually the nucleus was electron lucent except for perinuclear condensation of chromatin. The T lymphocyte had a moderately developed Golgi complex, absent or poorly developed rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and considerably more heterochromatin (perinuclear) than the B lymphocyte. Uropods were associated with the T lymphocyte and exerted cytotoxic effects on basal and suprabasal cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The treatment of some disorders of the maxillo-mandibular apparatus. III. the maxillo-septal facies, ipsilateral deficiency of facial mesenchyme (mesectoderm) and condylar displacement.

The results of treatment of 67 patients with septo-maxillary syndrome and associated temporomandibular joint dysfunction are reported. Five case histories are described in detail. The features of the syndrome emphasized are the maxillo-septal facies, ipsilateral deficiency of facial mesenchyme (mesectoderm) and condylar displacement. Associated with condylar displacement was early osteo-arthritis of the temporomandibular joint complex. It is suggested that Costen's syndrome needs restatement.

Facial Asymmetry↗
PubMed1980

The fine structure of epithelial cells in normal and pathological buccal mucosa. II. Colloid body formation.

Seven cases of the erosive type of lichen planus, as well as normal tissue, were studied with the optical and electron microscope. The study was concerned with the distribution and formation of colloid bodies. These bodies were located at the epithelial-proprial junctions and occasionally inter-epithelially. They were seldom larger than basal epithelial cells and were macrophages which contained fragments of phagocytosed epithelial cells. They probably correspond to cytoid bodies which have a similar size and a similar distribution.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The fine structure of epithelial cells in normal and pathological buccal mucosa. III. Pathological changes in spinous, transitional and superficial cells in the erosive type of lichen planus.

Superficial, transitional and polygonal buccal epithelial cells from patients with the erosive type of lichen planus were compared with similar cells from non-keratinizing human buccal mucosa. Transitional cells from non-keratinizing buccal mucosa had glycogen lakes and membrane-coating granules with electron dense cores. Surface cells were not keratinized and pathological cells were less granular. In lichen planus membrane-coating granules were numerous, markedly electron dense, and some showed an internal lamellar structure. Surface cells were keratotic or parakeratotic. Processes of macrophages were associated with the pathological membrane-coating granules.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMed1980

The fine structure of epithelial cells in normal and pathological buccal mucosa. IV. Interactions between epithelial cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages.

In oral lichen planus two types of lymphocytes were found in the lamina propria in the basal and suprabasal layers. The T-cell is identified by the absence of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in contrast to its extensive development in the B-cell of which various types were identified including plasma cells. Interaction was noted between macrophages, lymphocytes, and epithelial cells. The variability noted in T-cells may arise from sensitization related to phagocytosis of degenerate epithelial cells by macrophages which transfer the immunological information to lymphocytes.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1979

The maxillo-septal syndrome and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

The results of twenty patients treated for the maxillo-septal syndrome and associated temporomandibular joint dysfunction are reported as well as the method of treatment. The treatment plan included rapid maxillary expansion with either a fixed or removable appliance, retention of the increased maxillary width with a Hawley retainer, simultaneous increase in mandibular width with a Crozat appliance. Finally the occlusion was equilibrated. Certain cases are discussed in detail and maxillary expansion was usually restricted to between 1 . 0 and 2 . 0 mm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The incidence of osteo-arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in various cultures.

Three hundred and forty-eight cranial remains from Bronze and Iron Age British, Romano-British, Anglo-Saxon, Eastern Coast Australian aborigines, Medieval Christian Norse, Medieval Scarborough, 17--20th century British and German cultures, were examined for the presence of osteoarthritis in the temporomandibular joints. Cultures exposed to more stringent living conditions and with well-worn teeth had about twice the incidence of osteo-arthritis as the more sophisticated cultures. In general, loss of either molar support or occlusal imbalance were potent aetiological factors in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Analysis of the effects of treatment on some reflexes of human jaw elevator muscles.

Electromyographic analysis was carried out prior to occlusal equilibration for patients who had some form of TMJ dysfunction and again after treatment. The results were compared with similar analyses for patients without any symptoms of dysfunction (controls) and for patients who had been wearing some kind of occlusal appliance as treatment for dysfunction. The parameters measured were the period of minimal activity (inactive phase of jaw elevators sometimes referred to as the inactive phase), the duration of muscle contraction before tooth contact (DMC), the period of muscle activity after tooth contact (latency), the inhibitory response, and the duration of the clench phase of the temporal and masseter muscles. In general the pathological series had longer cycles, longer DMC, longer clench phases and less significant correlation coefficients than the controls. The results indicated a dominance of the closing muscles in the pathological groups over the other parameters of the cycle during metronome monitoring. Also, the controls and the POST equilibration group yielded readily to cortical command. The parameters of the cycle in the POST-equilibration group were facilitated as compared to the other groups.

Adult↗