Nocturnal enuresis caused by psychotropic drugs.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C J Jose.
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Although more and more case reports of self-induced water intoxication are published each year, we do not know yet what induces certain psychiatric patients to drink water in excess, and why only some of them develop water intoxication. This report, based on 13 patients who had 21 episodes of self-induced water intoxication, is an attempt to explore the characteristics of the patient population at risk for this malady. The role of psychosis, psychotropic drugs, electroconvulsive therapy, and the possible predilection of Caucasians, should be tested in a larger patient population before any firm conclusions can be drawn.
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We have reviewed 14 cases of water intoxication in psychiatric patients. In these cases the possibility of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was suspected or diagnosed. The SIADH should be suspected in psychotic patients who drink water excessively, develop seizures, disorientation and deterioration of mental status.
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Thirty-four cases of hyponatremic seizures occurring in psychiatric patients as a result of self-induced water intoxication are reviewed. Clinical and pathophysiological correlates of the condition are outlined.
"Application for Voluntary Hospitalization" signed by 13 manics (33 forms) and 13 paranoid schizophrenics (37 forms) at the time of their admissions were examined to test the validity of the hypothesis that one who writes anything more than his first name, middle name, or initial, and last name is likely to be manic. A physician and a nurse who were blind to the diagnosis were able to differentiate, at a significant level, mania from paranoid schizophrenia, using this criterion.
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