The Department of Surgery: University of Pretoria.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C J Mieny.
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A prospective study was undertaken in patients with perforated peptic ulcer to ascertain which organisms were encountered and to assess what role the duration of peritoneal soiling plays in the flora encountered and whether the degree of peritoneal soiling, as judged by the surgeon, correlates with bacterial contamination. After assessing the degree of soiling, pus swabs were taken and aerobic and anaerobic cultures and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed. The most common organisms encountered were Gram-positive cocci (47%) followed by Gram-negative organisms (33%). There was no statistically significant increased bacterial growth time elapsed up to 48 hours. Severe peritoneal soiling, as judged by the surgeon, did not imply greater contamination.
Twenty dialysis and renal transplant patients with parathyroid hyperplasia underwent a total parathyroidectomy and an autotransplantation in forearm muscle. Twelve patients were available for investigation of the function of the transplanted parathyroid tissue. Differential studies of the two arms revealed functioning of the transplanted tissue in all cases. This was more readily demonstrated by determining the intact hormone in both arms.
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One hundred and eleven stable renal transplant patients were investigated, using sensitive methods, for the effect of hypercalcaemia on renal function and for the presence of nephrocalcinosis. Twenty-five patients (22.5%) were hypercalcaemic but this had no effect on renal function. Nephrocalcinosis was detected in a small percentage of patients using ultrasonography and computed tomography.
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There are at present four different approaches to the management of lobular carcinoma in situ. (i) ipsilateral mastectomy with contralateral biopsy; (ii) ipsilateral segmental excision with block dissection of the axilla; (iii) bilateral mastectomy; and (iv) diagnostic excision biopsy and lifelong follow-up of both breasts with clinical examination and mammography. There are arguments in favour and against all four approaches. Based on the well-established fact that the risk of the patient developing infiltrating lobular carcinoma is equal in both breasts, the most rational approach is excisional diagnostic biopsy of the known lesion and lifelong follow-up of both breasts. Any infiltrating carcinoma will be discovered early with this approach, and the 20-year survival is 95%. If the patient insists that the risk of developing carcinoma must be totally excluded, bilateral mastectomy with breast reconstruction is the only option.
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