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Biomedical subjects

C J Reid

Publications and source records attributed to C J Reid.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Identification of chromosomal genes located downstream of dctD that affect the requirement for calcium and the lipopolysaccharide layer of Rhizobium leguminosarum.

In Rhizobium leguminosarum both the C4-dicarboxylate transport system and wild-type lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) are essential for nitrogen fixation. A Tn5 mutant (RU301) of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841, was isolated that is only able to synthesize LPS II, which lacks the O-antigen. Strain RU301 exhibits a rough colony morphology, flocculates in culture and is unable to swarm in TY agar. It also fails to grow on organic acids, sugars or TY unless the concentration of calcium or magnesium is elevated above that normally required for growth. The defects in the LPS and growth in strain RU301 were complemented by a series of cosmids from a strain 3841 cosmid library (pRU3020-pRU3022) and a cosmid from R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli 8002 (pIJ1848). The transposon insertion in strain RU301 was shown to be located in a 3 kb EcoRI fragment by Southern blotting and cloning from the chromosome. Sub-cloning of pIJ1848 demonstrated that the gene disrupted by the transposon in strain RU301 is located on a 2.4 kb EcoRI-PstI fragment (pRU74). R. leguminosarum bv. viciae VF39-C86, which is one of four LPS mutants previously isolated by U. B. Priefer (1989, J Bacteriol 171, 6161-6168), was also complemented by sub-clones of pIJ1848 but not by pRU74, suggesting the mutation is in a gene adjacent to that disrupted in strain RU301. Complementation and Southern analysis indicate that the region contained in pIJ1848 does not correspond to any other cloned Ips genes. Two dctA mutants, RU436 and RU437, were also complemented by pIJ1848 and pRU3020. Mapping of pIJ1848 and Southern blotting of plasmid-deleted strains of R. leguminosarum revealed that dctD and the region mutated in strain RU301 are located approximately 10 kb apart on the chromosome. Analysis of homogenotes demonstrated that there is not a large region important in calcium utilization, organic acid metabolism or LPS biosynthesis located between the gene disrupted in strain RU301 and dctD. Strain VF39C-86 also required an elevated concentration of calcium for growth on succinate, while strains mutated in the alpha-chromosomal or beta-plasmid group of Ips genes grew at the same calcium concentrations as the wild type, demonstrating that the additional calcium requirement is not a property of all LPS rough mutants. Strain RU301 nodulates peas, but does not reduce acetylene, demonstrating that the gene mutated in this strain is essential for nitrogen fixation.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1993

Lower urinary tract dysfunction in cerebral palsy.

The clinical features and management of 27 children with cerebral palsy referred with symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunction were reviewed. The mean age at referral was 9.9 years. Daytime urinary incontinence was the commonest presenting symptom. Videourodynamic studies were abnormal in 23 patients (85%). Only two children had evidence of upper renal tract damage. Treatment was determined by urodynamic findings, and led to improvement in symptoms in all patients for whom there was follow up information. Urinary incontinence may be improved or cured in children with cerebral palsy. These children would therefore benefit from early referral for assessment and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Dipylidium caninum in an infant.

The tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum, occurs worldwide in dogs and cats. It may occur rarely in children, when the infection may be unrecognised or misdiagnosed. We report such a case.

Cestode Infections↗
PubMed1988

Determinants of left ventricular function one year after cardiac transplantation.

Left ventricular systolic function was assessed by radionuclide angiography in 107 consecutive transplant recipients who were alive one year after operation. Mean (SEM) ejection fraction was 62.4 (4.6) at rest and 68.8 (5.4) on exercise. The influence of donor-related factors (donor age and sex, ischaemia time), recipient-related factors (recipient age and sex, frequency of acute rejection), type of immunosuppression (cyclosporin/azathioprine or prednisolone/azathioprine), and frequency of hypertension on left ventricular function one year after operation was examined by univariate and multivariate analysis. There was a close association both at rest and on exercise between a higher ejection fraction and treatment with cyclosporin/azathioprine. There was a trend for lower donor and recipient age, shorter ischaemia time, and fewer rejection episodes to be associated with better left ventricular function, but this was not statistically significant. Left ventricular systolic function was well maintained in most patients a year after cardiac transplantation. The type of immunosuppression used had a strong influence on the left ventricular systolic function of the transplanted heart.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Cardiac transplantation--the London experience.

One hundred and forty-eight patients have undergone cardiac transplantation at Harefield Hospital since February 1980. The first 39 patients received an immunosuppressive regime of Azathioprine and oral steroids, resulting in a high incidence of infection and a survival rate at one year of 50%. Since September 1982, a combination of Azathioprine/Cyclosporine with minimal or no steroids has been employed. There have been 28 deaths in patients on the latter regime, resulting in an 82% survival rate at one year. Infection has been significantly reduced and 97% of rejection episodes have been successfully treated. Three patients have developed lymphoproliferative disease resolving on a reduction of immunosuppression. To date, there has been no evidence of chronic rejection in these patients. The elimination of oral steroids has improved both the survival and quality of life of patients after cardiac transplantation and may enable the scope of patients considered for transplantation to be widened.

Adolescent↗