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Biomedical subjects

C J Wright

Publications and source records attributed to C J Wright.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effect of intrapulmonary heparin on plasma diamine oxidase (histaminase) activity in mice.

Heparin releases diamine oxidase (DAO, histaminase) from binding sites in the intestinal vasculature. Histamine is involved in a number of pathological lesions. In this study we have examined the effect of intrapulmonary administration of heparin on plasma DAO activity in mice. For comparative purposes the same parameter was measured following the administration of an intravenous heparin regimen. The time course and dose-response were examined with the two heparin regimens. The doses of heparin were based on appropriate clinical equivalents. Both heparin regimens showed a dose dependent response (correlation coefficient r = 0.9). The dose of intrapulmonary heparin (10 mg/kg) was 12 times greater than the dose injected intravenously but the DAO response lasted 48 times longer that that obtained from the intravenous heparin regimen.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed1981

Reversal of protamine of the prolonged response to intrapulmonary heparin.

A single large dose of heparin (2000 units/kg) was administered to dogs by intratracheal instillation. Whole blood clotting times and plasma heparin concentrations were measured at intervals. At each interval the calculated dose of protamine required to neutralize the circulation heparin was given intravenously and the measurement of plasma heparin concentration repeated. The authors found that the whole blood clotting time was prolonged for 24 to 48 hours and there was a detectable concentration of heparin in the plasma for 96 hours. On each occasion the protamine eliminated the circulation heparin, but more heparin continued to enter the circulation. It is hypothesized that after rapid absorption from the lung, heparin is stored temporarily in a cellular pool throughout the body and then released into the circulation. At any given time the anticoagulant effect can be reversed by intravenously administered protamine sulfate if this should become necessary, but repeated administration would be required. Intrapulmonary heparin may have useful clinical applications but further clinical and laboratory investigations are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Dysrhythmias during oral surgery. A comparison between halothane and enflurane anaesthesia.

Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring was employed in one hundred healthy adult patients during minor oral surgery under either halothane or enflurane anaesthesia. A significantly lower incidence of cardiac dysrhythmia during enflurane anaesthesia was observed and this suggests that enflurane may be the agent of choice, particularly in patients at risk because of cardiac disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Anticoagulant activity and operative blood loss after intrapulmonary heparin.

The safety and efficacy of heparin given by the intrapulmonary route are further assessed in this study. A single dose of heparin (2000 units/kg) was given by intratracheal instillation in dogs and measurements of plasma heparin concentration, whole blood clotting time and partial thromboplastin time made at intervals for 48 h. These values rose progressively and in parallel for 7 h and remained elevated for 48 h. A series of operations was performed on dogs within 3 h of a single dose of intrapulmonary heparin (1500 units/kg). Operations involving minimal dissection (small bowel resection) and extensive dissection (resection of muscle) were performed in two separate groups. Within each group the animals were randomly given heparin or saline. In the limited dissection group there were no differences in operative blood loss, wound healing, or sequential haemoglobin and haematocrit measurements. In the group subjected to muscle resection there was increased postoperative wound drainage and a slightly greater fall in haemoglobin and haematocrit in those given heparin. It is concluded that heparin is absorbed from the lung causing significant changes in coagulation parameters. Even with the relatively high dose of 1500 units/kg, operations were performed with minimal hazard. Intrapulmonary heparin may have important clinical applications after further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Heparin via the lung.

Only recently has it been realized that heparin is absorbed when administered into the lung. Im mice, rats, dogs and humans a large dose of intrapulmonary heparin has been shown to cause a moderate degree of hypocoagulability lasting from 48 hours to 14 days depending on the species. This study is part of an ongoing program investigating the effects of the intrapulmonary administration of heparin. Heparin, 1500 units/kg body weight was instilled into the lung in a group of 12 dogs and an equal volume of saline was given in a control group of 10 dogs. Various hemodynamic and metabolic measurements were made at intervals. As expected there was a prolonged moderate increase in clotting time, but no significant effects from intrapulmonary administration of heparin were demonstrated by any of the other measurements. Much work has yet to be done before intrapulmonary heparin can be used clinically but it has potential importance in the management of thromboembolic disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Prospects of cure in lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease.

This report concerns a particular benign histologic variant of Hodgkin's disease, the lymphocyte-predominant category of the Rye classification. The group of 24 cases, all involving localized disease, was first reported in 1960, and is now reappraised, incorporating subsequent data. The interpretations of the original findings are confirmed and elaborated. A characteristic feature had been the long relapse-free and symptom-free survival period, which gave a false impression of security but was followed in some instances by disseminated disease, usually after 5-15 years. The proportion of such cases is now shown to be greater, and the possible quiescent period extended. Cure was suspected in some instances, and can now be considered likely in about half of the cases. The present results include a substantial number of patients who have survived for very long periods and who must be regarded as cured, though careful confirmatory autopsies are still unavailable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Analgesia following oral surgery for day patients: a clincial comparison of two analgesics.

A single-blind, between-patient study was carried out in 167 patients following oral surgery to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of two combination analgesic preparations; pentazocine (15 mg) plus paracetamol (500 mg) and dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride (32.5 mg) plus paracetamol (325 mg). Assessments of pain and pain relief were made over two periods, initially over the 90 minute period following administration of either preparation and secondly, over the subsequent 3 days following discharge. At the hospital, those patients receiving pentazocine plus paracetamol achieved a greater relief of pain than those receiving dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol, though the differences did not reach statistical significance. At home, pain relief was very similar for both groups of patients, both preparations being effective and well tolerated.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1976

The effects of severe progressive hemodilution on regional blood flow and oxygen consumption.

Electrolyte solutions are effective in the immediate treatment of hemorrhagic shock, but the acceptable limits of hemodilution are not well defined. In this study oxygen consumption was measured in various tissues at rest and in maximally exercising skeletal muscle during progressive hemodilution. Twenty splenectomized, anesthetized dogs were studied (weight 22.6 +/- 2.0 kilograms). Measurements were made of cardiac output, capillary muscle blood flow in the hind limb, and renal and superior mesenteric arterial blood flow. Arteriovenous oxygen differences in the hind limb, kidney, gut, and in the whole body were calculated from the oxygen content of arterial and appropriate venous samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Death from Hodgkin's disease after 18 years' complete remission.

Survival studies on series of patients with Hodgkin's disease have indicated that localized disease and certain histologic types are associated with a favorable prognosis. The permanency of cure in such instances has seldom been proved by long-term followup and autopsy; there is evidence that the disease may remain dormant for considerable periods, with the attendant risk of recurrence. A case is reported wherein a patient was relapse-free for 18 years prior to fatal recurrence, which was confirmed by autopsy.

Adult↗