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C J Yeh

Publications and source records attributed to C J Yeh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Normal epithelial antigens recognized by GB3 and GB5 are diminished in intraductal and lost in infiltrating human breast carcinomas.

GB3 and GB5 are mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against human amnion. GB3 detects the epidermal basement membrane, and GB5 reacts with the junctional substances between the epithelial cells. These two antibodies were studied on breast tissues by indirect immunofluorescence. All (n = 8) of the normal mammary glandular basement membranes and epithelia reacted strongly with GB3 and GB5. In the intraductal carcinomas (n = 10), although nine out of ten tissues were reactive, their reactivities were greatly reduced. More strikingly, in the infiltrating carcinomas (n = 15), none of the tumor specimens were recognized by GB3 and only one out of fifteen biopsies was moderately reactive with GB5, indicating that the syntheses of the antigens of GB3 and GB5 were discontinued in the metastatic breast adenocarcinomas. These data suggest that these antigens may contribute to the interaction of the epithelium with the extracellular matrix and the intercellular binding between the epithelial cells; the loss of these antigens may facilitate the wide dissemination of tumor cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibodies to human amnion.

Mouse hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies to human amnion were established. The reactivities of eight of these monoclonal antibodies (GB1, GB3, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB9, GB10 and GB11) on human skin and term extra-embryonic tissues, which included reflected amniochorions, basal plates, placentae, chorionic plates and umbilical cords, are reported. GB1, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB9 and GB11 showed various reactivity patterns on the epithelial cells of amnion, chorion and skin at different stages of differentiation. In addition, GB9 and GB11 showed extracellular reactivities; GB9 detected chorionic villi which were usually surrounded by fibrinoid and GB11 reacted with fibrinoid structures in the placentae and chorion laeve. GB10 recognized connective tissues in fetal mesenchyme and adult dermis. This study demonstrates the expression of many shared antigens between tissues derived from the extra-embryonic ectoderm and adult skin. These monoclonal antibodies will provide useful tools for further investigations of epithelial differentiation and transformation.

Amnion↗
PubMed1986

Identification of a 37 kilodalton protein at the epidermal basement membrane by an antiserum to human amnion.

A protein which is recognized by an antibody to human amniotic epithelial basement membrane was identified at the basal lamina of human epidermis by immunohistology. This protein was localized at the lamina lucida of human epidermal basement membrane by immunoelectron microscopy. Studies of normal human keratinocyte cultures and epidermal wound healing suggested that the protein was probably produced by keratinocytes. By immunoblotting, a basic apparent isoelectric pH (pHiapp = 7.3) protein band of 37 kD was seen. These data indicate that this 37 kD protein, clearly different from other known basement membrane components, is present in simple and stratified epithelia of ectodermal origin, and is associated with hemidesmosomes.

Amnion↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibody GB25 recognizes human villous trophoblasts.

A monoclonal antibody GB25 which was raised against placental syncytiotrophoblast reacted specifically with villous trophoblasts. It recognized syncytiotrophoblast, villous cytotrophoblasts of the first-trimester placentae, and a majority of the cytotrophoblasts in the chorion laeve, but not the residual cells of cytotrophoblastic shell in the basal plates and the cells in the cytotrophoblastic columns. This antibody will be useful for isolating and differentiating villous from extravillous cytotrophoblasts in the first-trimester placentae.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of Trop 3 and 4 antigens as defined by monoclonal antibodies raised against a human choriocarcinoma cell line.

The reactivities of Trop 3 and 4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were studied on human term and 7-week extraembryonic membranes, adult tissues, and cell lines. Trop 3 MAb reacted with cells of chorionic villi, decidua, amniotic epithelium, and basal plate trophoblast. Trop 4 MAb reacted only with syncytiotrophoblast. On epithelium, Trop 3 MAb bound to stratified and glandular epithelium, but Trop 4 MAb reactivity was limited to basal keratinocytes. On peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Trop 3 MAb reacted with the majority of cells and Trop 4 MAb with the totality. Most cell lines were positive with both MAbs. However, one chemically induced MHC mutant was negative and another decreased its expression of Trop 3 antigen. Our results suggest Trop 3 MAb might recognize a monomorphic determinant of TLX antigens and Trop 4 is involved in cell proliferation or in cell-to-cell interaction.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Expression of the antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies to human amnion (GB4, GB9, GB11) on the rabbit eye during embryonic development.

Three monoclonal antibodies to human amnion (GB4, GB9 and GB11) which recognized well-defined structures of the adult rabbit eye were used to study the embryonic eye development. The reactivity of GB4 could be identified on the migrating neural crest cells under the corneal epithelium at 2 weeks of gestation. At 3 weeks of gestation, the conjunctival epithelium, corneal epithelium and corneal endothelium reacted with GB4. In the newborn rabbit, the corneal epithelium was reactive with GB9 instead of GB4; corneal endothelium was positive with GB4 at this stage, but gradually became negative in the adult rabbit; the subcapsular epithelium of the lens was recognized by GB4 when it changed from pseudostratified to simple cuboidal epithelium. During early embryonic life, GB11 was positive on the external retinal layer of the optic cup and lens vesicle. In the adult, GB11 reacted only with the pigmented epithelium of the ciliary processes. The results of this study demonstrated that the expression of antigens recognized by GB4, GB9 and GB11 could be mapped according to the epithelial differentiation of the rabbit eye during embryogenesis.

Amnion↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibodies to human amnion recognize different components of the rabbit eye.

The epithelium of the eye originates from embryonic ectoderm, whereas the amnion is an extra-embryonic membrane that bears close relationship with many ectodermal tissues. Shared antigens have been identified between human amnion and cornea using rabbit antisera to human amnion. Three monoclonal antibodies to human amnion, GB4, GB9, and GB11 were studied by immunofluorescence on the anterior segment of the rabbit eye. GB4 recognized the epithelium of the conjunctiva and the subcapsular epithelium of the lens. GB9 reacted only with the central four fifths of the corneal epithelium; the peripheral epithelium near the limbus was not reactive. GB11 detected the pigmented epithelial cells in ciliary processes.

Amnion↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal binding of an anti-amnion antibody to epidermal basement membrane provides a novel diagnostic probe for junctional epidermolysis bullosa.

AA3 is a novel antibody raised against human amnion, which reacts with the basement membrane of various epithelia of ectodermal origin. We used AA3 to examine the epidermal basement membrane zone in normal skin and different genetically determined types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB), by indirect immunofluorescence. AA3 staining was normal in dystrophic and simplex EB, but was markedly reduced in lesional and non-blistered skin in severe forms of junctional EB. In non-lethal junctional EB, the intensity of staining was variable and appeared to be inversely associated with disease severity, but did not correlate with demonstrable abnormalities of hemidesmosomes. AA3 binding was not reduced in pemphigoid lesions or normal suction blisters. It appeared to localize to the lamina lucida, but with different characteristics compared with antibodies to laminin and bullous pemphigoid antigen. These finding suggest that AA3 recognizes an antigen (or antigens) which may be involved in a primary biochemical defect in junctional EB. Moreover, this antibody may act as a new probe for this potentially lethal mechano-bullous disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spiral (uteroplacental) arteries of the human placental bed show the presence of amniotic basement membrane antigens.

The spiral arteries of the placental bed lose clearly recognizable arterial features early in pregnancy because of their invasion by extravillous trophoblast. Extensive structural alterations take place in the walls of invaded arteries, their walls containing an amorphous acidophilic "fibrinoid" matrix in which endovascular trophoblast is embedded. Such spiral arteries examined by immunofluorescence techniques in placental bed biopsy specimens obtained at cesarean section show a characteristic pattern of reaction with antisera to epithelial basement membrane amniotic antigens. These antisera have been previously demonstrated to react with the basement membrane of human amnion and of ectodermally derived epithelium such as breast ducts and skin. Interstitial trophoblast usually does not contain these antigens, and it is postulated that, following vascular invasion, endovascular trophoblast produces amniotic antigens to establish its presence. This may be of importance in maintaining the structural integrity of spiral arteries and thereby adequate maternal blood flow to the fetal-placental unit.

Amnion↗
PubMed1984

Killing of human tumor cells in culture with adriamycin conjugates of human transferrin.

Receptors for human transferrin (Trf) in high density are found on reticulocytes and syncytiotrophoblast, but most unstimulated, normal adult cells do not bind Trf. In contrast, leukemia and breast adenocarcinoma cells have been shown to manifest Trf receptors, raising the possibility that these receptors might be employed to bind cytotoxic Trf conjugates. Trf was conjugated with adriamycin (Adr) and it was shown that the conjugates are bound by Trf receptors on plasma membranes of Daudi and HL-60 cells, following which Adr is identified in the nuclei of these cells. The biological effect of Adr is quantitated by the inhibition of tritiated thymidine uptake, and subsequent cell death is measured by trypan blue exclusion. The killing correlates directly with both the time of exposure and the amount of conjugate employed. These results suggest that such cytotoxic Trf conjugates hold promise for selective in vivo killing of some malignant cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Transferrin binding by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in human lymphomas, myelomas and leukemias.

Significantly more peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from 39 patients with lymphoma (p less than 0.001), myeloma (p less than 0.001), or leukemia (p less than 0.001-0.025) bind transferrin (Trf) than those of 23 normals. That Trf was bound to a receptor on these cells was shown by the inhibition of these cells bound to 125I-Trf with unlabeled Trf. The paucity of Trf receptors on PBM from normals and their presence on diseased cells prompt a suggestion that Trf receptors may offer a useful approach to the diagnosis and possible treatment of some blood dyscrasias.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Class I antigens of the major histocompatibility complex on cytotrophoblast of human chorion laeve.

Twenty amniochorions from normal, term pregnancies were studied immunohistologically with the use of well-characterized monoclonal antibodies to beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2M) and to common determinant of HLA-A, -B, -C. In the same study, polyclonal antiserum to trophoblast antigens (TA) were employed with double fluorochrome labels to determine if cytotrophoblast in the chorion laeve expressed TA, HLA or both. The results showed that, in the majority of cases, HLA was not identified on trophoblast, but TA were. However, some cytotrophoblast within the amniochorionic mantle were non-reactive with anti-TA serum and were positive with monoclonal antibodies to HLA and beta 2M antigens. Since these structures were identified as cytotrophoblast by a battery of techniques, in this report they are tentatively designated as metatrophoblast. The role of these cells in the materno-trophoblastic relationship in normal human pregnancy has yet to be determined. This is not envisaged as a simple matter, for metatrophoblast can be recognized by anti-beta 2M and anti-HLA (W6/32), but not by anti-HLA (61D2), suggesting that their expression of class I histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens may be incomplete, or that there may be a contribution of antigens from an extra-embryonic MHC.

Antigens↗
PubMed1983

Human thymus contains amnion epithelial antigens.

Antibodies produced in rabbits to detergent-solubilized human amnion were found to react with Hassall's corpuscles in human thymus. Following nomenclature for placental antigens, the immunogenic group responsible for these antibodies has been tentatively designated as amnion antigens 1 (AA1). The anti-AA1 antisera did not react with other thymic components, nor did they react with any other extra-embryonic tissues than amniotic epithelium. Some adult ectodermally derived tissues, such as breast ductal and corneal epithelium, reacted with anti-AA1, but others such as skin and vagina did not. These findings link an antigenic relationship between amniotic epithelium and certain ectodermal derivatives. Amnion exists long before these tissues are formed, raising the possibility that amniotic epithelium may play an inductive role in their development.

Amnion↗
PubMed1982

Plasminogen binding by human amniochorion. A possible factor in premature rupture of membranes.

Forty-six human fresh amniochorion membranes obtained at cesarean section were found to contain from 0 to 5% dead cells in the amniotic epithelial layer by direct counting and spectrophotometric analysis of trypan blue extracts. With the use of a double marker system it was discovered that many of the dead cells failed to bind the DNA-chelating fluorochrome propidium iodide but reacted with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibodies to human plasminogen. In addition, both fresh and cultured human amniotic epithelial cells that had plasma membranes damaged by either cryogenic shock or cytocentrifugation specifically bound plasminogen from serum, plasma, or amniotic fluid to cytoplasmic structures. Binding did not occur in other control proteins, but plasminogen was bound from very dilute solutions, suggesting specific and tight binding inside the cell. We propose that such plasminogen can be activated to plasmin within the cell by either plasminogen activators or lysosomal proteases and that this sets into motion a progression of events that are potentially damaging for the amniochorion, perhaps being of relevance in the pathophysiology of premature rupture of the membranes in human pregnancy.

Amnion↗