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Biomedical subjects

C Janbon

Publications and source records attributed to C Janbon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis by Doppler color echography of dural carotid-cavernous fistula of ophthalmological manifestation].

The case reported here, concerns a spontaneous low-flow fistula between the external carotid arterial network and the cavernous sinus, with ophthalmological symptoms (exophthalmos, red eye) in an old woman with cardiac failure. The shunt was diagnosed by color-Doppler-imaging, which showed a flow reversal with a systolic component in the superior and inferior enlarged ophthalmic veins. This finding led the authors to extend the arterial filling sequence since the shunt was not detectable on standard arterial views. Embolization was performed during angiography which remains necessary to localize the shunt and to treat the fistula. The clinical symptoms progressively returned to normal and the correction of the hemodynamic disturbances could be followed by color-Doppler imaging, a non-invasive technique which can be easily repeated.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Severe ischemic hepatitis after taking cibenzoline].

The authors report the case of a 77 year old man suffering from chronic congestive heart failure, who presented a severe hepatic failure. Since 9 days the patient was treated by cibenzoline for serious ventricular arythmias. Hepatic failure was not due to drug hepatotoxicity but to an indirect effect of cibenzoline diminishing cardiac output. Arguments for ischaemic hepatitis and also two mechanisms of hepatic involvement in cardiac diseases are developed. In most cases association of two mechanisms, vascular stasis and low cardiac output is necessary to create hypoxic hepatitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Micro-osteoclast resorption as a characteristic feature of B-cell malignancies other than multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the presence of lytic bone lesion and frequent hypercalcaemia. These are due to an excessive osteoclastic resorption in association with a low bone formation, as demonstrated by bone histomorphometry. Conversely, B-cell malignancies other than MM are rarely associated with lytic bone lesion and/or hypercalcaemia. In this study we have analysed quantitative bone histology in 65 patients with B-cell malignancies other than MM at diagnosis: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL, n = 20), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n = 25), Waldenström's disease (WD, n = 14), hairy cell leukaemia (HCL, n = 6). Fifty patients presented no clinical evidence of increased bone resorption, including no lytic bone lesions radiologically detectable and/or no hypercalcaemia. 80% of these patients (40/50) had increased bone resorption parameter using quantitative bone histology, including 19/29 (65.5%) patients with CLL or WD and 21/21 (100%) patients with NHL or HCL (P less than 0.01). As a control group, seven patients lacking bone marrow involvement on bone sample presented no excessive bone resorption. However, eight patients presented lytic bone lesions and/or hypercalcaemia. All of these patients had increased resorption parameters with high numbers of osteoclasts per surface trabecular bone (mean = 35.3), as opposed to the patients lacking lytic bone lesions and/or hypercalcaemia (mean = 6.6, n = 28) and to normal individuals (mean +/- SD = 3.8 +/- 1.7 and 6.3 +/- 2.6, respectively before and after 60 years). In all the cases, excessive histologic bone resorption was mediated by mononuclear small osteoclasts (mean osteoclast length +/- SD = 27.3 +/- 4.1 as compared to normal range = 35.0 +/- 1.0, P less than 0.001). In different in vitro models, these small mononuclear osteoclasts are considered as progenitors. These data suggest an abnormal osteoclast differentiation in B-cell malignancies other than MM, probably due to differences in the production of local factors acting on bone remodelling.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[ A comparative lympho-scintigraphic evaluation of manual lymphatic drainage and pressotherapy in edema of the arm following treatment of a breast tumor].

Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and pressure-therapy are part of the therapeutical gears used in physiotherapy for reducing edema. The solution to the problem of the reduction fo lymphedema of the extremities rests with the evacuation of the liquid phase and the resorption of the stagnant proteins in the interstitial compartment not being collected by the lymphatic system. The injection of a 99 Technetium-labelled colloid substance provides a functional approach to the problem of lymphatic stasis.

Arm↗
PubMed1989

[Medical, social, economic value of the rational use of non-invasive studies for diagnosing phlebitis. Experience of the Regional Hospital Center of Nimes from 1984 to 1988].

Continuous wave Doppler, and B-Mode ultrasound allow the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis with a 96% sensitivity, and a 98% specificity versus venography (1). Therefore, these methods can be extensively used for the detection of deep venous thrombosis, following a new diagnostic algorithm: X ray venography is used only for the assessment of topographic extent of iliac and caval thrombosis, and when non invasive methods give equivocal results. As a result, the number of X ray venographies significantly decreased since 1984 (7) in Nîmes University Hospital. About 75% of patients with a deep venous thrombosis (diagnosed by non invasive methods) were treated without necessity of X ray venography.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Phenotypic and functional analysis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor mediated modulation of the human myeloma cell line RPMI 8226.

Several recent studies have demonstrated the presence of specific receptors for the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) in activated normal lymphocytes. By DNA cellulose chromatography, we show evidence of such specific receptors in the human myeloma cell line RPMI 8226. Nanomolar concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduce the proliferation of RPMI 8226 cells significantly and simultaneously induce the appearance of both new properties and phenotype expression, such as butyrate esterase, enhanced expression of CD20 (B1), CD15 (Leu-M1) antigens and lambda chains, and decreased expression of the PC1 antigen using microfluorometric analysis. But such an increased expression of membrane lambda chains was not associated with an enhanced secretion of lambda chains. Furthermore, the bone resorbing activity produced normally by RPMI 8226 cells was reduced significantly after 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment. The possible mechanisms and significance of these new functional and phenotypic properties are discussed with respect to the B-cell lineage.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1988

Interleukin 2 production in bone marrow of normal individuals and patients associated with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

T-cells from patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) have abnormal T4/T8 ratios and functions. Previously, we demonstrated that peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells from B-CLL patients secrete significant amounts of interleukin 2 (IL2) with an apparent dysregulation of accessory cells controlling this production. In this study, IL2 production was investigated in PB and in bone marrow (BM) from patients with previously untreated B-CLL, mostly in early stages of the disease, and compared to normal donors. A significant secretion was observed in both PB and BM from B-CLL patients after stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), with lower amounts in patients with nodular involvement of BM, as compared to interstitial or diffuse involvements. To explore the role of accessory cells in controlling IL2 production, we added phorbol ester or indomethacin to the culture system or irradiated the cells before culture. Phorbol ester significantly increased the IL2 secretion in both the PB and the BM of B-CLL patients. The irradiation or the addition of indomethacin did not enhance the IL2 production in PB from B-CLL patients. However, IL2 secretion increased in the BM cells from B-CLL patients after addition of indomethacin or prior irradiation, in a similar way to that observed in PB and BM of normal controls, suggesting an apparent normal control of the IL2 production in BM from B-CLL patients. In normal controls, we demonstrated that IL2 secretion per T-cell from BM was 5.4-fold greater than that from normal PB, suggesting a very efficient role of accessory cells controlling IL2 production in normal BM.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Non-invasive methods for vascular studies in the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis].

The sonographic diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis must be made up of a functional continuous wave Doppler study of the whole deep venous system of the limbs, including leg veins, as well as saphenous veins. Then, high resolution B-mode real time sonography is used for the detection of direct (echogenic thrombus) or indirect (incompressible vein) signs of thrombosis. This noninvasive approach offers a good sensitivity (about 96%) and a high level of specificity (about 98%). Moreover, B-mode sonography can ensure the differential diagnosis (hematoma, extrinsic compression...) in most cases. So, X-Ray venography is required only when an interventional therapy is planned (thrombectomy, fibrinolysis, inferior vena cava interruption...), or when the noninvasive techniques are not able to show the upper limit of the thrombosis (especially for iliac veins or inferior vena cava), or when there is still a doubt about deep venous thrombosis. Therefore, the number of X Ray venographies can be consistently reduced, thus decreasing both cost and risks.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

B cell malignancies presenting with unusual bone involvement and mimicking multiple myeloma. Study of nine cases.

Nine unusual cases of B cell malignancies presenting with lytic bone lesions on radiography and/or hypercalcemia, and mimicking multiple myeloma are reported in this study. These cases included acute lymphoblastic leukemia (one patient), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (five patients), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (two patients), and Waldenström's disease (one patient). Quantitative bone biopsy performed in two patients (one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and one with Waldenström's disease) demonstrated a dramatic increase in osteoclastic resorption close to tumor cells in both cases, similar to or even more marked than that observed in multiple myeloma. Finally, significant production of bone resorbing activity was found in short-term liquid culture specimens of tumor cells in eight of the nine cases. These observations clearly indicate that in B cell disorders other than multiple myeloma, the malignant B cells can produce significant bone resorbing activity in vitro and result in excessive osteoclastic resorption and lytic bone lesions, frequent hypercalcemia, and an overall disease picture clinically mimicking multiple myeloma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the efficacy of cefotaxime alone and the combination cefazolin-tobramycin in the treatment of enterobacterial septicemia].

In a prospective, randomized study we compared cefotaxime (C) with tobramycin plus cefazolin (C + T) in the treatment of Enterobacterial septicemia. Twenty-five patients received C and twenty two C + T. There are 8 treatment failures, in C + T group, 3 in C group. We observed 5 adverse effects, 2 in the C group (1 reversible collapse and 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa superinfection) and 3 in the C + T group (acute renal failures). We conclude that C may be more effective and less toxic than cefazolin plus tobramycin for patients with Enterobacterial septicemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Real-time B-mode ultrasonography for better specificity in the noninvasive diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.

In order to evaluate the usefulness of B-mode ultrasonography in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, a prospective study was performed on 145 patients. Each patient was examined with occlusive venous plethysmography, continuous wave Doppler, real-time B-mode ultrasonography, and radiographic contrast phlebography. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity versus phlebography were 91 and 82.1 per cent, respectively, for plethysmography, 92 and 86.6 per cent for Doppler, and 94 and 100 per cent for B-mode sonographic scanning. The combined noninvasive approach reached a 96 per cent sensitivity. B-mode ultrasonography demonstrated a mass in eight cases, and showed a superficial venous thrombosis in four cases, among the 45 patients without deep vein thrombosis. B-mode ultrasonography, therefore, appears to be very useful in obtaining a better specificity and differential diagnosis.

Adolescent↗