Lung preservation study by canine sequential bilateral single lung transplantation model.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
C K Park
Publications and source records attributed to C K Park.
Apoptosis induced by preservation and reperfusion in canine lung transplantation.
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Animals↗
Postoperative chemoradiotherapy for gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND: We report the results of postoperative chemoradiotherapy after curative resection in gastric cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with gastric cancer staged IB to IV(M0) were treated with chemoradiotherapy after curative resection with extensive (D2) lymph node dissection. Nodal metastases were observed in 261 (90%) patients. The chemotherapy consisted of fluorouracil 400 mg/m(2) plus leucovorin 20 mg/m(2) for 5 days, followed by 4500 cGy of radiotherapy for 5 weeks with fluorouracil and leucovorin on the first 4 days and the last 3 days of radiotherapy. Two 5-day cycles of chemotherapy were given 4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy. RESULTS: Of 290 patients accrued, 229 (79%) patients completed chemoradiotherapy as planned. With a median follow-up of 49 months, 114 (34%) patients have relapsed: 33 (29%) locoregional relapses, 76 (67%) peritoneal relapses and 41 (36%) distant metastases. The 5-year overall and relapse-free survivals were 60% and 57%, respectively. Tolerance was acceptable, the main toxicity being neutropenia. CONCLUSIONS: This postoperative chemoradiotherapy after curative resection of gastric cancer was feasible, with acceptable toxicities. Whether this adjuvant therapy in gastric cancer patients that have undergone a D2 lymph node dissection impacts on survival or reduces the incidence of relapses remains to be studied.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Effect of a fertilization-promoting peptide on the fertilizing ability and glycosidase activity in vitro of frozen-thawed spermatozoa in the pig.
This study has evaluated the effect of fertilization-promoting peptide (FPP) on the fertilizing ability and glycosidase activity in vitro of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa. Use of chlortetracycline (CTC) fluorescence analysis, as well as various glycosidase analyses and the oocyte penetration test showed that FPP can promote the fertilizing ability and glycosidase activity of frozen-thawed spermatozoa in vitro. There were significantly (P < 0.05) more acrosome-reacted and penetrated in medium with 100 nM FPP than with 0, 50, 200 or 400 nM. The beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (beta-GlcNAcase) activity was at least two-fold higher than other glycosidase regardless of FPP concentrations. In the same glycosidase, there were no differences in medium with different concentrations of FPP. The percentages of spermatozoa that reached acrosome reaction were affected by different periods (0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 h) of spermatozoa preincubation and were higher in medium with than without FPP. Penetration rates were decreased with preincubation periods of spermatozoa when oocytes were inseminated with spermatozoa preincubated in medium with and without FPP for the different periods. These rates were higher in spermatozoa preincubated with that than without FPP and had a tendency to increase as time of culture periods when the sperm-oocyte were cultured for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 or 24 h. The activities of alpha-fucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-galactosidase and beta-GlcNAcase were higher in medium with that than without FPP regardless of periods of sperm preincubation and sperm-oocyte culture. These results suggest that FPP may have a positive role in promoting sperm function and glycosidase activity in the pig.
Acrosome↗
Significance of temperature difference between cerebral cortex and axilla in patients under hypothermia management.
It is believed that the brain temperature is about 1 degree C higher than the other peripheral temperature. But the result has been mostly obtained in normothermia patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the brain temperature is still higher than the axillary one in the hypothermia patients. Sixty-three patients who underwent craniotomy with implantation of the thermal diffusion thermometer were included in this study. Fifty-four patients were in normothermia and nine patients were managed with mild to moderate hypothermia (about 32 degrees C). The temperature of the cerebral cortex and axilla was measured simultaneously every 2 hours. 1900 paired sample data were collected and analyzed. The temperature difference between the cerebral cortex and the axilla was 1.04 +/- 0.67 degrees C in normothermia patients and 0.91 +/- 0.84 degree C in hypothermic patients. The temperature difference has no statistical significance between the two groups (unpaired t-test, P > 0.05). Our results demonstrate that the brain temperature in the patients under hypothermia management appears to be still about 1 degree C higher than the axilla throughout the study period almost in the same fashion as in normothermia patients.
Adolescent↗
Relationship between sonographic and pathologic findings in epidermal inclusion cysts.
PURPOSE: We evaluated the sonographic findings in epidermal inclusion cysts and related them to the pathologic findings. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the sonograms and pathology specimens of 24 patients with pathologically proven epidermal inclusion cysts. We evaluated the lesions for shape, size, internal echogenicity, posterior sound enhancement, and presence of color Doppler signals. We classified the masses into 5 sonographic types according to their internal echogenicity. The relationship between the sonographic types and the pathologic findings was examined. RESULTS: The masses were ovoid or spherical in 17 cases (71%), lobulated in 5 (21%), and tubular in 2 (8%). The longest diameter ranged from 1 to 6 cm (mean, 3.1 cm). Twenty-three cases (96%) were associated with posterior sound enhancement. Color Doppler signals were absent in 20 cases, but some vascularity was noted in 4 ruptured epidermal cysts, in areas of granulation tissue. The most common sonographic type was a hypoechoic lesion with scattered echogenic reflectors (10 cases). Sonographic findings were related to the lamellation of keratin debris and the granulation tissue secondary to rupture. Most cases with a lobulated configuration (4 of 5) or color Doppler signals (4 of 4) were ruptured cysts. CONCLUSIONS: Epidermal inclusion cysts most often appeared sonographically as a hypoechoic mass containing variable echogenic foci without color Doppler signals. Ruptured epidermal cysts, however, may have lobulated contours and show color Doppler signals, mimicking a solid mass.
Adolescent↗
Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of gastric cancer in the Korean population: prospective case-controlled study.
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is still the most common malignant tumor in Koreans. Although many reports have supported the association of Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer, few studies have been adjusted by variable factors such as age. sex, education, and economic status. Furthermore, most results from areas with a high incidence of gastric cancer, such as China and Korea, have failed to document any relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective case-controlled study, with controls matched for and adjusted by age, sex, education, and economic status, to evaluate the causal relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer in Korean people. METHODS: From March 1997 to October 1998, 136 consecutive patients with gastric cancer, diagnosed by endoscopic histology, and 136 age- and sex-matched control subjects, confirmed to be free of gastric cancer by endoscopy during the same period, were enrolled in the study. The presence of H. pylori infection was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) serology test. RESULTS: Seventy-two of the 136 gastric cancer patients (53%) were positive for H. pylori infection and 54 of the 136 control subjects (40%) were positive for H. pylori infection. The odds ratio (OR), adjusted by variable risk factors, such as age, sex, education, and economic status, for gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected patients was 1.82 (95% confidence internal [CI], 1.10-3.00; P = 0.019). The age- and sex-matched OR by conditional logistic regression was 1.6 (95% CI., 1.01-2.53; P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection may be one of the important risk factors for the development of gastric cancer in Korea, an area of high prevalence of H. pylori infection and a high incidence of gastric cancer.
Adult↗
Hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor level and degree of enhancement by multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a histopathological factor influencing contrast enhancement of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Twenty-two nodular HCCs underwent multiphase helical CT and surgery. Tumor size, histological grading of differentiation, and type of hepatitis were evaluated. Tumor attenuation was graded as hyperattenuated, isoattenuated, and hypoattenuated. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-VEGF antibody was performed and scored as weak, intermediate, or strong. Spearman's rank correlation test was used. RESULTS: Tumors ranged from 1.0 to 12.0 cm (mean 5.1 cm). The degree of enhancement during the hepatic arterial phase was significantly correlated with VEGF expression. Size was negatively correlated with VEGF expression and the degree of enhancement, but histological grade and type of hepatitis were not correlated with VEGF expression, tumor size, or degree of enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: In HCC, VEGF expression is correlated with the degree of contrast enhancement during arterial-phase CT.
Adult↗
Lipiodol accumulation in focal peliosis hepatis with sinusoidal dilatation.
Peliosis hepatis is a rare benign condition that is histologically characterized by multiple cystic blood-filled spaces in the liver. Although the cause is unknown, the condition occurs in association with several diseases or medications. We report a patient who was found to have a lesion with lipiodol accumulation in the liver 2 months after its intraarterial injection. The lesion was diagnosed and treated as a small hepatocellular carcinoma. However, subsequent right hepatic lobectomy and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of focal peliosis hepatis.
Adult↗
Exploring extra-binomial variation in teratology data using continuous mixtures.
Discrete data from animal teratology experiments are known to exhibit extra-binomial variation. For example, we discuss a dominant lethal assay experiment in which male mice are exposed to various levels of radiation and are then mated to females. The response of interest is the number of resorptions out of the number of implantations. Most statistical work on analyzing such data has focused on modeling response rates as a function of dose of a suspected teratogen (radiation in this case) while accounting for the extra-binomial variability when calculating standard errors of the regression coefficients. Sometimes, however, when an unobserved genetic or exposure variable is suspected, the shape of the mixing distribution is of interest. We propose a mixture of beta-binomials (MBB) family of distributions that includes the non-parametric mixture of binomials model of Laird (1978) as a special case. The MBB family can accommodate a mixing distribution with one or more modes, and we develop a bootstrap test for multimodality. We apply the method to data from a dominant lethal teratology experiment.
Animals↗
DNA sequence copy number aberrations associated with histological subtypes and DNA ploidy in gastric carcinoma.
We have analyzed DNA sequence copy number aberrations (DSCNAs) and DNA ploidy by using comparative genomic hybridization and laser scanning cytometer in gastric carcinomas (GCs) to elucidate the genomic aberrations in relation to clinicopathological parameters. Thirty-two out of 33 cases showed one or more DSCNAs with a mean number of 11.7 per tumor. High-level gains were detected at 2p, 3q, 6p, 7p, 7q, 8q, 12p, 13q, 19q, and 20q. Frequency of gross genomic abnormalities and chromosome regions that have genomic aberrations were similar in both intestinal- and diffuse-type GCs, except aberrations at 8p, 9p, 12q, and 20q. The overall number of DSCNAs was significantly greater in DNA aneuploid tumors than that in DNA diploid tumors. We detected genomic aberrations characterized by histological subtype, tumor location, and DNA ploidy status: gain of 20q and losses of 8p and 9p in intestinal-type GCs, gains of 8p and 12q in diffuse-type GCs, gain of 20q in the lower third GCs, and loss of 5q, 9p, 10q, 16q, and 18q in DNA aneuploid GCs. Furthermore, 5q loss is associated with DNA aneuploidy (P = 0.0001) or the total number of losses (P = 0.001), gain + losses (P = 0.004), and high-level gains (P = 0.001) in GCs. Among these loci, chromosome 8p was unique. Gain of 8p was more common in diffuse-type GC, whereas loss of 8p was more frequently detected in intestinal-type GC. In conclusion, we describe chromosomal regions of 5q, 8p, and 20q, which are of interest for further investigation of GCs.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Conspicuity of hepatocellular nodular lesions in cirrhotic livers at ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging: importance of Kupffer cell number.
PURPOSE: To correlate the conspicuity of hepatocellular carcinomas and dysplastic nodules on ferumoxides-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images with the number of Kupffer cells in the hepatic lesions, as compared with that in background liver in histopathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine histopathologically proved moderately or poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas, 10 well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas, and 19 dysplastic nodules were retrospectively studied in 68 patients with cirrhosis who underwent ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging. The contrast-to-noise ratio between the nodules and surrounding parenchyma was calculated at T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging, and the difference in the number of Kupffer cells between the nodules and surrounding hepatic tissue was calculated histopathologically. The results of MR imaging and histopathologic examination were correlated. RESULTS: All 69 moderately or poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas had high contrast-to-noise ratios at MR imaging and large differences in the number of Kupffer cells. Six of the 10 well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas had contrast-to-noise ratios of zero or nearly zero, and five of these had little difference in the number of Kupffer cells. All 19 dysplastic nodules had contrast-to-noise ratios of zero or nearly zero, and there were virtually no differences in the number of Kupffer cells. CONCLUSION: Hepatocellular nodule conspicuity at ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging depends on differences in the number of Kupffer cells within a nodule and the surrounding cirrhotic liver; moderately or poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas can be distinguished from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas and dysplastic nodules.
Adult↗
Suitability of AFLP markers for the study of genetic relationships among Korean native dogs.
To determine the genetic relationships among domestic dog breeds, we performed both a sequence comparison of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and an amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) analysis. Three of four regions of mtDNA, cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase subunit II, and 16S rRNA genes were highly homogeneous among dog breeds, whereas the other region, the control region, showed relatively high polymorphisms with a maximum percentage difference of 3.18%. However, the control region showed extensive polymorphism even within breeds, and the relationship tree derived from the data could not clearly delimit distinct breeds. 19 EcoRI/MseI primer combinations were used to generate AFLP markers among 25 dogs from 11 breeds including three Korean native dogs. These amplification reactions allowed the detection of more than 1900 amplification products of which 408 were identified as polymorphic bands. Unrooted neighbor-joining tree based on dissimilarity values showed that the Korean native dogs were clustered together with the Asian dogs and that the Asian originated dogs were clustered separately from Western originated dogs. A consensus tree using parsimony method also showed Korean native dogs were grouped separately from the other dogs with moderate bootstrap values. Taken together, it is concluded that AFLP analysis is a more informative tool for revealing genetic relationships among dog breeds than mtDNA sequence comparison.
Animals↗
Clinical significance of microvessel density in multiple myeloma patients.
To investigate the role of angiogenesis in multiple myeloma (MM), bone marrow biopsy from 75 adults with newly diagnosed, untreated MM were evaluated. Microvessels were scored in at least 3 areas ( x 200 fields) of the highest microvessel density in representative sections of each bone marrow specimen using immunohistochemistry for CD34. Prognostic variables were also evaluated for the overall survival. Microvessel counts were significantly higher in patients with MM (n=69.42+/-9.67), compared with control (n=26.81+/-2.85). Microvessel density had a weak correlation with percentage of bone marrow plasma cells. By univariate analysis, age, beta2-microglobulin, serum albumin, serum creatinine, serum calcium, hemoglobin, platelet count, and bone marrow plasma cell percentage were correlated with survival. By multivariate analysis, age, serum albumin, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, platelet count and bone marrow plasma cell percentage were correlated with overall survival, whereas microvessel density was not. In summary, microvessel density in bone marrow of MM is significantly increased compared to control, but was not correlated with overall survival. Further studies regarding angiogeneic molecules are needed to determine the functional role of angiogenesis in MM.
Adult↗
Correlation of VEGF with contrast enhancement on dual-phase dynamic helical CT in liver tumors: preliminary study.
The purpose of this preliminary study is to elucidate that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) influences contrast enhancement of hepatic tumors on computed tomography (CT). Fourteen patients with hepatic tumors (11 hepatocellular carcinomas; 3 metastatic cancers) underwent a dual-phase dynamic helical CT or computed tomographic hepatic arteriography. The attenuation of each mass was determined as hyperattenuation, isoattenuation or hypoattenuation with respect to the adjacent nontumorous parenchyma. Gun-needle biopsy was done for each tumor, and paraffin sections were immunostained with anti- VEGF antibody by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The pathologic grade was made by intensity (1 +, 2+, 3+) and area (+/-, 1 +, 2+). The tumor ranged 2.0-14.0 cm in size (mean, 5.8 cm). In arterial phase, the intensity was not correlated with the degree of enhancement (p=0.086). However, the correlation between the attenuation value of hepatic arterial phase and the area of positive tumor cells was statistically significant (p=0.002). VEGF may be the factor that enhances the hepatic mass with water-soluble iodinated contrast agent in CT.
Adult↗
Expression of the G1-S modulators in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodule: association of cyclin D1 and p53 proteins with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Deranged expression of cell cycle modulators has been reported to contribute to the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their expression patterns remain poorly understood in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC, which constitutes about 65-70% of HCC in Korea. The aims of this study were to evaluate the expressions of G1-S modulators in HBV-related HCCs and dysplastic nodules (DNs), and to correlate with the histopathologic features of HCCs. Immunohistochemical expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p53, p27, p21, p16, Rb, and PCNA proteins were investigated in 80 HCCs and 22 DNs. Cyclin D1 overexpression showed positive relationships with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation, larger tumor size, microvascular invasion, intrahepatic meta-stasis, no tumor capsule formation, infiltrative growth, aberrant p53 expression, and high PCNA labeling index (LI) of HCC (p<0.05). Aberrant p53 expression showed positive relationship with poor differentiation of HCC (p<0.01). Expression of cyclin D1 or p53 was not observed in DNs. The p27 LI and p16 LI were lower in HCCs with intrahepatic metastasis (p<0.05). Cyclin D1 overexpression and aberrant p53 expression could be associated with the progression of HBV-related HCC, and might have a less crucial role in the DN-HCC sequence. In addition, elevated expression of p27 and p16 proteins might have inhibitory action to the intrahepatic metastasis of HBV-related HCC.
Adult↗
Detection of malignant cells in pleural fluid or ascites by CD44v8-10/CD44v10 competitive RT-PCR.
BACKGROUND: CD44 is a cell surface adhesion molecule which has been implicated in various biologic functions as lymphocyte homing and activation, cellular migration and extracellular matrix adhesion. Over-expression of CD44v8-10 has been found in several cancers and is considered to be associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, a novel molecular method, CD44v8-10/CD44v10 competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) has been developed for detecting cancer cells over-expressing CD44v8-10. METHODS: We analyzed from benign and malignant pleural effusion and ascites by CD44 competitive RT-PCR and compared to the conventional cytology. RESULTS: The CD44 competitive RT-PCR analysis showed that all the 24 samples associated with benign disease presented a predominant expression of the CD44v10 transcript (v8-10/v10 ratio: 0.126-0.948), whereas 6 of 7 malignant pleural samples associated with cytology positive cancer expressed the CD44v8-10 transcript (v8-10/v10 ratio > 1.00). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that CD44 competitive RT-PCR assay is a useful and adjunct to cytological examination in cancer diagnosis, especially in detecting exfoliated cancer cells in pleural effusion.
Adult↗
Seroepidemiology of HBV infection in South Korea, 1995 through 1999.
BACKGROUND: We analyzed serologic data that were obtained from the Korea Association of Health from 1995 to 1999 to estimate the reliable prevalence of HBV in South Korea. METHODS: 603,375, 639,465, 621,476, 612,705 and 650,398 serum samples were annually tested for HBsAg. Of HBsAg positive persons whose serum samples were available, HBeAg positivity was checked. RESULTS: HBsAg positivities among subjects between 6 and 19 years old were 8.2%, 3.9%, 2.1%, 2.6% and 1.3%. HBsAg positivities among subjects above 20 years old were 8.9%, 6.4%, 5.9%, 5.4% and 5.4%. The positive rates of HBeAg were 39.8 to 62.9% among subjects between 6 and 19 years old, and 18.3 to 37.9% among persons above 20 years old, in each year. In both subgroups, HBsAg positivity in the latter year was significantly lower than that in the former year (p < 0.001). It also showed that HBsAg positivities among subjects between 6 and 19 years old have been significantly lower than those among subjects above 20 years old, but those of HBeAg the exact reverse of HBsAg since 1996 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that prevalence of HBV infection in the late 1990s, especially in the group between 6 and 19 years old, was conspicuously lower than that in the past. The nationwide vaccination programme might be one of the most important contributors to this tendency in Korea.
Adolescent↗