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Biomedical subjects

C K Smith

Publications and source records attributed to C K Smith.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Assessment of nonverbal communication in the patient-physician interview.

The interview portion of 34 patient-physician visits at a family medical center was videotaped. Videotapes were screened by two judges in two major nonverbal categories, immediacy and relaxation. Physician and patient were scored separately at 40-second intervals for 11 component parameters of the two major categories. These scores were correlated with patient satisfaction and understanding, ascertained by post-interview questionnaire. For analytical purposes, patients were assigned to low or high satisfaction groups and low or high understanding groups. Statistically significant (P less than or equal to 05) differences between low and high satisfaction groups were demonstrated with respect to overall physician immediacy; five individual physician nonverbal parameters; and two individual patient nonverbal parameters. Similar statistical results were obtained for understanding groups. This preliminary investigation suggests that nonverbal behavior of the physician in the patient-physician interview is important in determining patient satisfaction and understanding.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The influence of the fatty acid composition of Acholeplasma laidlawii membranes on the growth inhibitory activity of narasin, a polyether ionophorous antibiotic.

Narasin, apolyether ionophorous antibiotic capable of acting as a transmembrane carrier of cations, has a growth inhibitory effect on Acholeplasma laidlawii, permitting only 20% survival when present as 0.1 micrograms/ml in an undefined growth nutrient or fatty acid-deficient nutrient supplemented only with palmitic acid. When A. laidlawii is propagated in fatty acid-deficient nutrient supplemented with linoleic acid, however, the organisms become 40 times more sensitive to the growth inhibitory effect of this antibiotic. The actual fatty acid composition of the membranes would indicate that a higher degree of unsaturation enhances ionophore activity.

Acholeplasma laidlawii↗
PubMed1979

Can continuity of medical care be taught?

The health sciences literature indicates that although continuity often has been shown to be associated with a number of favorable outcomes, the concept is as yet poorly conceptualized and difficult to quantify. In this paper the authors describe an approach to teaching continuity developed at the University of Washington. Beginning in 1973--74 second-year students in an elective family medicine preceptorship were placed with practicing family physicians one-half day per week for a complete academic year. The medical care of a few families was closely followed by each student throughout the period. Required written reports of each student's longitudinal-care experiences were analyzed to identify student-perceived benefits of extended patient contact. Three-fourths of the students over a two-year period were judged to have experienced important aspects of continuity. Results suggest that the teaching program described is a viable means for teaching students to recognize, appreciate, and employ approaches to patient care available only in settings characterized by continuity.

Attitude↗
PubMed1978

Family physician pathway and medical student career choice. Ten years after curriculum change at the University of Washington.

In 1968 the University of Washington School of Medicine initiated a new curriculum that included a family physician pathway. Six of these classes have now graduated. Two thirds of the planned strategies for the pathway were actually implemented. Approximately half of the students in each second-year class now choose this pathway. Ninety percent of those graduating have done so in the traditional four years. Seventy-three percent of those in the pathway actually pursued family practice training on graduation. Approximately one third of all University of Washington graduates now enter training for family practice, one third enter internal medicine, 10% enter surgical fields, and 8% enter pediatrics. These rates represent significant increases in the proportion of students entering directly into family practice, internal medicine, and pediatrics training.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1978

Life change and illness onset: importance of concepts for family physicians.

The questions of illness susceptibility and the how and why of the onset of illness are of great concern to family physicians, who are constantly presented with a bewildering array of maladies. This paper presents a model of illness onset as related to life change which is felt to be a highly relevant and useful concept for family physicians. This model has been developed over many years and proposes that illness onset is predictably related to life change, which in turn is a reflection of the amount of coping required. The specific development of these concepts is presented in detail including the development and quantitation of the social readjustment rating scale which quantifies life changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Word recall as a function of bisensory and unisensory split-span task presentation and modality preferences.

This study investigated the effects of visual and auditory modality preferences on work recall in bisensory and unisensory split-span tasks. Subjects tended to perform better in the bisensory rather than unisensory condition. Modality preferences (n = 72 subjects) were generally unrelated to performance in these experimental conditions. These findings suggest that preferences for a modality are better characterized as response biases rather than as increased processing capacity for preferred modality material.

Attention↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of clinical training in the community.

An evaluation approach is presented that is designed to deal with the complex educational problems associated with community-based teaching. Such problems include using instructors with limited training in teaching, ensuring comparability of student experiences, monitoring students' performance in dispersed settings, and maintaining adequate communications among involved parties. The approach is based on a careful delineation of information needs and data sources followed by the design and strategic combination of evaluation instruments in order to promote efficiency in data collection. An application of the approach is described for an undergraduate clerkship in family medicine taught at multiple sites at the University of Washington School of Medicine. Nine instruments are described for eliciting information from four sources to satisfy the needs of five groups associated with the course. Sample results are presented suggesting that the approach is effective and may prove useful to others involved with teaching in dispersed settings.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1977

Early ambulatory experience in the undergraduate education of family physicians.

A number of benefits have been claimed for early ambulatory experience in the training of family physicians, although few practical examples have been reported. This paper describes an approach to the education of first and second year medical students interested in family medicine which places heavy emphasis on community-based ambulatory care. During the first year, an elective introductory preceptorship permits students to participate in the office practice of a family physician in a limited role. Seminars are offered concurrently to provide integrating principles and perspective. In the second year, a nine-month-long continuity clerkship is offered in which students gain intimate contact with a small panel of families and practice the skills of primary care in the offices of family physicians. Clinical experience is accompanied by weekly seminars and integrated with elements of the required curriculum. Selected evaluation data are presented, which attest to the achievement of course objectives and provide support for the claim that this approach is beneficial to students seeking careers in primary care.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1975

Vertical transmission of progressive pneumonia of sheep.

Forty-two lambs were derived by hysterectomy from 27 ewes. Eight ewes had lesions of chronic progressive pneumonia (CPP) and 19 did not. Eleven lambs were derived from ewes with lesions of CPP. These 11 lambs were maintained in isolators under germfree conditions until killed at 2 to 4 months of age. Lungs from each lamb were examined for gross and microscopic lesions of CPP and examined by microbiological cultural technique (blood, eosin methylene blue, and PPLO agar). The lungs of one 4-month-old lamb from a ewe infected with CPP had foci of gray consolidation in the apical and cardiac lobes. The microscopic changes were comparable to those in the dam. The lungs of a 2.5-month-old lamb from a ewe infected with CPP had lymphocytic accumulations in the alveolar walls and around blood vessels and bronchioles. The 9 other lambs were free of lesions. Neither bacteria nor mycoplasmas were isolated from any of the 11 lambs. Lesions of CPP were not found in 31 lambs from the 19 noninfected ewes.

Animals↗