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C Kawanami

Publications and source records attributed to C Kawanami.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Pepsinogen C gene product is a possible growth factor during gastric mucosal healing.

We isolated, by the subtraction cloning method, a pepsinogen C (PGC) gene fragment (the sequence between the 968th and 1179th base pairs) from a rat gastric mucosal cDNA library as a cDNA clone encoding a substance that promotes growth of the normal rat gastric mucosal cell line RGM1. Northern blot analysis revealed that PGC gene expression was enhanced not only in acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers but also in indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions. PGC gene expression was also increased in the Helicobacter felis-infected stomachs. Thus, the PGC gene may play a role in gastric epithelial cell growth during gastric mucosal healing.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Developmental gene expression of gastrin receptor in rat stomach.

Gastrin, which is present in fetal plasma, may have important roles in the development of gastric mucosa, since it is not only a potent stimulator of gastric acid secretion but also a growth promoting factor. Gastrin regulates various cellular functions via its receptors on cell membrane. Therefore, in order to elucidate a role for gastrin in the development of gastrointestinal system during gestation, Northern blot analysis was performed. The results of the study suggested that gastrin receptor is mainly present on parietal cells. Furthermore, proton pump and gastrin receptor gene expressions in parietal cells were strongly stimulated by the administration of exogenous gastrin. In conclusion, gastrin may be involved in the developmental change of parietal cells through its receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Regenerating gene expression in normal gastric mucosa and indomethacin-induced mucosal lesions of the rat.

Regenerating (reg) gene expression was tested in rat gastrointestinal mucosa to investigate the role played by this gene in the healing of mucosal lesions. Expression of reg mRNA was higher in the stomach than in any other region of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastric cells that expressed reg mRNA were located in the deepest mucosal layer and were small in diameter. In an injured state following indomethacin treatment, reg gene expression was markedly augmented, accompanied by an increase of c-fos expression and healing of the mucosal lesions. These results suggest a role of the reg gene in the healing of gastrointestinal mucosal lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Helicobacter pylori induces proinflammatory cytokines and major histocompatibility complex class II antigen in mouse gastric epithelial cells.

Although Helicobacter pylori has been reported to stimulate the release of various cytokines from gastric tissue, it remains unknown whether normal and nontumorous gastric epithelial cells produce these cytokines. Therefore, in this study, we used a normal mouse gastric surface mucous cell line (GSM06) to determine whether gastric epithelial cells produce proinflammatory cytokines in response to H. pylori. The expression of MHC class II antigen was also examined, to investigate whether gastric epithelial cells participate in the immune response to H. pylori. In the study, GSM06 cells were incubated with H. pylori or its lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Proinflammatory cytokines were detected by Northern and Western blot analysis. The expression of MHC class II antigen was examined by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. Genetic expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2beta was enhanced by both intact and sonicated H. pylori, but not by H. pylori LPS. The expression of MHC class II antigen was induced by H. pylori more strongly than by interferon-gamma. We conclude that H. pylori induces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and MHC class II antigen in gastric epithelial cells. Gastric epithelial cells may act as antigen-presenting cells and participate in the immune response to H. pylori infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Distribution of prostaglandin E receptors in the rat gastrointestinal tract.

AIMS: In order to study the role of prostaglandin in the regulation of the gastrointestinal functions, gene expression of prostaglandin receptors along the rat gastrointestinal tracts were investigated. METHODS: Rats were used for the study. The combination of counterflow elutriation separation of mucosal cells and Northern blot analysis was used to detect the gene expression of prostaglandin receptors in gastrointestinal tracts. RESULTS: In small intestine and colon, prostaglandin E2 EP1 and EP3 receptor mRNAs were mainly localized in the deeper intestinal wall containing muscle layers. EP4 receptor gene expression, on the other hand, was detected in the intestinal mucosal layer. In the stomach, EP1 mRNA was detected in gastric muscle layers, whereas EP3 and EP4 receptor gene expression was mainly present in the gastric mucosal layer containing epithelial cells. In gastric epithelial cells, parietal cells were found to have both EP3 and EP4 receptors. At lower concentrations, prostaglandin E2 inhibited gastric acid secretion by parietal cells probably through EP4 receptors. At higher concentrations, however, it stimulated it. On the other hand, mucous cells possessed only EP4 receptor mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, it is suggested that prostaglandin E2 modulates gastrointestinal functions through at least three different prostaglandin receptors (EP1, EP3, and EP4), each of which has a distinct contribution in the gastrointestinal tract.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1997

Intragastric distribution of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related ulcers in patients without collagen diseases.

During the long-term administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), approximately 3% of patients have gastric ulcers develop in each year. Although much is known about the endoscopic characteristics of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is not clear where in the stomach NSAIDs induce ulcers in patients without RA. We looked at that question. During the 1-year study period, 29 patients with gastric ulcer, who had been taking NSAIDs regularly for more than 4 weeks mainly for osteoarthritis, were identified. Seventy-five patients with gastric ulcers who had not taken NSAID also were found. The sites of gastric ulcers of these two groups were quite different. The NSAID-induced ulcers mainly were found in the gastric antrum, whereas the majority of NSAID-unrelated ulcers were in the gastric corpus. We conclude that NSAID-induced ulcers in non-RA patients mainly are formed in the gastric antrum.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Helicobacter pylori independent chronological change in gastric acid secretion in the Japanese.

BACKGROUND: Gastric acid secretion in Japanese subjects decreases with aging. One of the possible causative mechanisms of this attenuated acid secretion is speculated to be a Helicobacter pylori induced chronic gastritis. The infection rate of this microorganism has decreased recently in Japan. AIMS: To investigate whether gastric acid secretion has altered over the past 20 years, and if so, what the influence of H pylori infection might be in the Japanese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin and pepsinogen I and II concentrations, and H pylori infection were determined in 110 Japanese subjects in both the 1970s and 1990s. RESULTS: Basal acid output as well as maximal acid output have greatly increased over the past 20 years, not only in individuals with H pylori infection but also in those without infection. Furthermore, subjects with H pylori infection tended to show decreased gastric acid secretion in comparison with those without infection, particularly in geriatric subjects. There was a positive correlation between gastric acid secretion and serum pepsinogen I concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: In Japan, both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion have increased over the past 20 years; some unknown factors other than the decrease in H pylori infection may play an important role in this phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Reg gene expression is increased in rat gastric enterochromaffin-like cells following water immersion stress.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Reg gene has been isolated from regenerating rat pancreatic islets, and subsequent studies have shown a trophic effect of Reg protein on islet cells. However, little is known about the role of Reg protein in the stomach. The aim of this study was to clarify the localization of Reg messenger RNA (mRNA) and its product in the stomach and to examine changes in the level of their expression during regeneration of gastric mucosal cells. METHODS: Gastric lesions were experimentally induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by water immersion stress. Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization studies were performed to examine changes in mRNA levels. Immunohistochemical studies were performed to identify the cellular localization and to investigate the change in Reg protein level. RESULTS: Reg mRNA and its product were distributed in the basal part of the oxyntic mucosa and were expressed mainly in enterochromaffin-like cells. Levels of both Reg mRNA and its product were markedly increased in the water immersion-induced gastric lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Reg mRNA and its product are expressed in gastric enterochromaffin-like cells, and their levels are increased during the healing process of water immersion-induced gastric lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Erythropoietin stimulates proliferation of rat-cultured gastric mucosal cells.

Most anemic patients with chronic renal failure have gastric mucosal lesions. However, these gastric lesions are often improved after the administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). We have used the rat gastric mucosal cell line RGM-1, to examine the possibility that rHuEPO might directly stimulate the growth of gastric mucosal cells in vitro. Our results show that rHuEPO dose-dependently increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into RGM-1 cells and their expression of c-myc gene. In addition, 125I-rHuEPO specifically bound to RGM-1 cells, and moreover, erythropoietin receptor gene expression was detected by RT-PCR. We conclude that rHuEPO has a direct growth-promoting effect on RGM-1 cells, suggesting possible usefulness of rHuEPO administration for the treatment of gastric mucosal damage in patients with chronic renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

"Mediterranean lymphoma" treated with antibiotics.

We report a case of Mediterranean lymphoma treated with antibiotics. A 74-year-old woman visited the hospital due to abdominal pain. Endoscopic examination showed erosions and ulcerations on duodenal mucosa. Biopsy specimens histologically revealed massive infiltration of small-sized lymphocytes and plasma cells in subepithelial mucosa. Immunoperoxidase staining showed that the infiltrating cells were positively stained with anti-alpha heavy chain. Serum IgA concentration was elevated and immunoelectrophoresis of the serum demonstrated monoclonal protein composed of alpha heavy chain. During the antibiotic treatment her symptoms disappeared and serum IgA concentration was normalized. Endoscopic examination also showed healing of the duodenal ulceration. The similarities between Mediterranean lymphoma and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type lymphoma, both of which may be related to bacterial infection and can be treated with antibiotics, are discussed in this report.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Establishment of primary epithelial cell culture from elutriated rat gastric mucosal cells.

Proliferating cells in the gastric mucosal epithelium were successfully enriched by counterflow elutriation in a medium-sized cell fraction. When inoculated on culture plates coated with E-C-L cell attachment matrix, these cells differentiated into mucus-producing cells after reaching confluence. Northern blot analysis did not detect any transcript of the proton pump, histidine decarboxylase, somatostatin, or pepsinogen I, indicating the absence of parietal, ECL, D, and chief cells in the confluent monolayer. These mucus-producing cell monolayers that respond to various growth factors may be a suitable model with which to investigate the function of gastric mucus cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Gene expression of keratinocyte and hepatocyte growth factors during the healing of rat gastric mucosal lesions.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The factors that stimulate the growth of gastric mucosal cells during gastric mucosal healing are not completely understood. This study was designed to investigate the gene expression of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the healing of gastric mucosal lesions. METHODS: Northern blot analysis and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to show HGF and KGF messenger RNA. RESULTS: Transcripts of HGF and KGF were not shown in rat gastric mucosal epithelium but were found in submucosal and muscular layers under normal conditions. When acute gastric mucosal lesions were induced by indomethacin treatment, expression of HGF messenger RNA was augmented in submucosal, muscular, or serosal layers, whereas the transcript of KGF was not influenced. When rat gastric mucosal epithelial cell line RGM1 and rat gastric mucosal primary culture cells were incubated with HGF or KGF, their proliferation was enhanced. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed increased gene expression of HGF together with constant production of KGF during gastric mucosal healing.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Systemic capillary leak syndrome associated with multiple myeloma of IgG kappa type.

A case of systemic capillary leak syndrome in a 67-year-old woman is reported. The patient suddenly presented with severe edema and hypotension associated with an increased hematocrit and a decreased level of serum albumin, suggesting capillary hyperpermeability. The patient had IgG kappa monoclonal gammopathy in association with not only a slight increase in plasma cells in the bone marrow but also several punched out lesions in the skull, indicating multiple myeloma. Although most of the cases of systemic capillary leak syndrome reported previously were accompanied by monoclonal gammopathy, this appears to be the first case in which capillary leak syndrome developed in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Gastrin receptor gene expression in several human carcinomas.

Gastrin has been shown to enhance the growth of various human tumors. The present study was designed to examine the gastrin receptor gene expression in various human carcinoma cell lines and in surgically resected carcinoma tissues. By Northern blot analysis, gastrin receptor mRNA was detected in 3 out of 7 small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Gastrin receptor mRNA was also expressed in one out of 8 colon carcinoma cell lines and 2 out of 10 colon carcinoma tissues. Moreover, one of two small cell carcinoma cell lines of the stomach clearly expressed gastrin receptor mRNA. However, none of the gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines or surgically resected gastric adenocarcinomas tested had any detectable expression of gastrin receptor gene. These findings may suggest a role of gastrin receptor in the growth and differentiation of certain human carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗