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Biomedical subjects

C Kemp

Publications and source records attributed to C Kemp.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Community health clinical experiences: the primary care setting.

Applying the nursing process to the health of populations is a challenge in undergraduate community health nursing education. We evaluated a method of applying the process in primary health care settings. Key factors were using case management and other means to assess systems from the client's perspective, assessing population needs, diagnosing community needs-service mismatch, planning in partnership with communities, and implementing and evaluating plans. Because these are difficult, if not impossible, to accomplish in a one-semester undergraduate course, students transferred projects and cases from one semester to another. Case management is the principal interface of students to individual and family clients.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1991

A practical approach to writing successful grant proposals.

Success in the planning and writing of grant proposals for health care services is enhanced by using a methodical approach. First, explore the problem and the resources. Obtaining direct experience is superior to a library-based literature review in understanding the problem. Second, identify funding sources and begin to plan the project, matching community needs to organizational strengths and funding priorities. Third, write the proposal and finish planning. Plans are refined as the proposal is written. This article provides practical information on commonly needed documents, characteristics of successful proposals and sources of information on funding.

Documentation↗
PubMed1989

Effect of aerobic exercise on mouth-to-cecum transit time.

To examine the premise that exercise reduces the gastrointestinal transit time, we evaluated the effect of walking 4.5 km in an hour on mouth-to-cecum transit time. Twenty-three healthy volunteers, 9 men and 14 women, with an age range of 19-28 yr, were studied. After an overnight fast, the subjects ingested 10 g of lactulose in 150 ml of water while breath hydrogen concentrations were analyzed at 15-min intervals. On separate days, in random sequence, subjects either sat in a chair or walked on a treadmill for 60 min. Mean transit time was 55 +/- 8 min when resting and 89 +/- 4 min when exercising (p less than 0.001). In conclusion, light aerobic exercise prolonged the mouth-to-cecum transit time. On the basis of this observation, exercise as a causative factor in runner's diarrhea and its value in the management of chronic constipation may be questioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Vitamin E deficiency and its clinical significance in adults with primary biliary cirrhosis and other forms of chronic liver disease.

The vitamin E status of 146 adults with chronic liver disease was assessed by estimating both their serum vitamin E concentration and the ratio of serum vitamin E to serum cholesterol concentration. Low levels of vitamin E occurred most frequently in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and other forms of chronic cholestatic liver disease. When a serum vitamin E concentration of 12.3 mumol/l (mean-2 SD of a control population) was taken as the lower limit of normal, 44% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and 32% with other chronic cholestatic liver disease had a reduced concentration, indicating a biochemical deficiency of vitamin E. If a vitamin E/total cholesterol ratio of 2.35 mumol/mmol was taken as the lower limit of normal, then 64% and 43% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and other chronic cholestatic liver disease, respectively, had a biochemical deficiency of vitamin E. Of the patients with chronic cholestasis and a serum bilirubin concentration greater than 100 mumol/l, 91% had a reduced vitamin E/cholesterol ratio. Twelve patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and severe vitamin E deficiency (serum vitamin E less than 5.0 mumol/l and a vitamin E/cholesterol ratio less than 1.0 mumol/mmol) underwent extensive neurological investigation. Five had a mild mixed sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, which was not, however, typical of the neurological syndrome associated with vitamin E deficiency. In patients with severe biochemical deficiency of vitamin E (less than 5 mumol/l and less than 1 mumol/mmol total cholesterol), administration of large oral doses of vitamin E only increased serum concentrations to within the normal range in one patient; in the others even weekly parenteral administration over a 3-month period did not correct deficiency. In patients with less severe biochemical deficiency, the serum vitamin E concentration and vitamin E/total cholesterol ratio were restored to normal by oral or intramuscular supplements of the vitamin.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1987

Atrial cannulation for long-term sequential blood collection in gilts.

Polyvinyl chloride tubing (ID, 1.27 mm; OD, 2.29 mm) was placed via the jugular vein into the right atrium of thirty-five 120- to 200-day-old gilts. Catheters remained patent for 14 to 88 days (mean, 41 days). The major cause of loss of function was damage inflicted by the gilt (20 catheters), whereas only 3 catheters lost patency because of blockage. Using a pulley and counterweight system the exteriorized end of the catheter was suspended above the gilt, facilitating blood collection and minimizing disturbance of the gilts.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching strategies for operationalizing nursing's agenda for healthcare reform.

Nursing's Agenda for Healthcare Reform presents a vision and specific suggestions for the future of nursing. Changes proposed by the agenda challenge nursing educators to prepare new practitioners to deliver healthcare in community settings. The authors offer specific means for nursing educators to provide students with clinical experiences that are consistent with the agenda. These experiences include practice in primary-care settings and case management, and more effective health promotion activities.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palliative care for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

This article provides a clinically-oriented overview of palliative care for patients with AIDS. Indicators of decreased survival time are divided into categories of infections/illnesses, clinical signs and symptoms, immunological and serological markers, and psychosocial factors. Primary symptoms in AIDS are discussed according to etiology and treatment. However, treatments of opportunistic infections per se are not directly addressed in this article. Problems discussed include pain, confusion, depression and anxiety, fatigue, fever, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, wasting, and dehydration. The article also briefly addresses clinical and ethical questions and challenges presented by AIDS to hospice or palliative care providers, and the various stages of HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration biopsy in diagnosis and treatment of breast pathology. A review.

Seventy-eight women with breast disease were studied aiming to evaluate the importance of the fine needle aspiration biopsy for its diagnosis and forwarding treatment. Our data showed a high diagnostic accuracy with a low level of false negative results and no false positive. The macroscopic appearance of samples is an important aspect. Clear material prevailed in benign pathology (90%) and the presence of blood was usual in malignant tumors (78.3%).

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dermatologic drill biopsy (punch): diagnostic procedures in advanced carcinoma of the breast].

Thirty-seven patients with breast tumors in stage III and IV were selected, and a new method to remove fragments of tissue for anatomopathologic study was used. The "punch" of Keyes was introduced towards the tumor, under strong pressure, with clockwise and counter-clockwise rotational movements. In thirty-eight biopsies, the anatomopathologic study allowed the authors to make a perfect evaluation of the structure, and the diagnosis made was of infiltrating carcinoma of the breast. This method proved to be a quick, safe and simple procedure, free of complications, and it allows for anatomopathologic diagnosis in 100% of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breast cancer in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle].

From 1978 to 1988, 611 cases of breast cancer were seen by the Mastology Department of the Beneficência Portuguesa Hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Thirteen (2.12%) cases were associated to pregnancy, and nine (2.4%) became pregnant after treatment. The patients were submitted to surgery and the authors waited till the end of pregnancy to perform the Rt and/or Qt. Two cases could not be submitted to any kind of treatment. Whenever tests indicated fetal maturity, the option was to perform a caesarean section, and oophorectomy was performed in the most advanced cases. Among patients who became pregnant after treatment, initial cases were predominant and their pregnancies went to term with no problem. The authors compare their results to data found in literature and draw attention to anticonception in mastectomized patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health services for refugees in countries of second asylum.

As successive groups of refugees reach countries of second asylum, refugee health care must be reinvented for each new group. But how can we bridge the one-to-two-year lag time between resettlement and publication of studies of specific cultures and thus render effective health services for refugees from the time of resettlement? Below, health problems common to refugees in countries of second asylum are identified and a community-based system for addressing their healthcare needs is proposed. The nursing process and principles of community health nursing are key concepts.

Communication Barriers↗