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Biomedical subjects

C King

Publications and source records attributed to C King.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

An outbreak of melioidosis in imported primates in Britain.

An outbreak of melioidosis, a bacterial infection caused by Pseudomonas pseudomallei, was identified in a batch of feral cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) imported to Britain from the Philippines. Thirteen confirmed or possible cases occurred among a batch of 50 animals. Subsequent investigations revealed that the infection was uncommon among imported primates from a variety of sources, although three other cases were identified in monkeys imported from Indonesia. The majority of the affected monkeys had splenic abscesses, and hepatic abscesses and infections of the soft tissues and skin were also frequently observed. Most of the infected animals had no clinical signs despite extensive abscesses, and the presence of infection was only suspected when they were shown to have serum antibodies to P pseudomallei by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although there was no evidence of cross infection of other animals or human handlers, this outbreak is a reminder of the dangers of working with wild-caught primates and the potential for the establishment of environmental foci of melioidosis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

Interfacing with police in the pediatric emergency department.

In summary, ED staff and local police departments should make a concerted effort to work together. The ED director should develop management protocols in conjunction with local police chiefs to plan strategies in advance. It is helpful to provide "orientation sessions," so that each group of professionals knows what to expect of the other. It may also be helpful to arrange tours of the ED so that police know where to go when they are called to the ED. All of these efforts should foster better care of children in the ED and will reduce tensions between the dedicated groups who work with such children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Understanding of Weil's disease among canoeists.

Although the risks of contracting Weil's disease in the UK are small, it can be a serious illness. Recently the disease has attracted public interest. This interest has prompted confusion and anxiety among recreational water user groups such as canoeists who had not previously seen themselves as being particularly at risk. In this paper, the experience of symptoms associated with Weil's disease among canoeists, their understanding and perceptions of the disease, and their compliance with preventive advice on the British Canoe Union (BCU) warning card, have been studied. Gaps in understanding and of adherence to preventive advice were identified. Accordingly, it was concluded that health education for canoeists could be improved. Consideration is being given by the BCU to the value of preparing a canoeist instructors' training pack.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of pregnancy rates for 131 donor oocyte transfers using either a sequential or fixed regime of steroid replacement therapy.

This study describes the overall results of 131 donor oocyte transfers between 1982 and 1989 when 30 pregnancies resulted (23% pregnancy rate/transfer). A retrospective comparison of results between an earlier sequential hormone replacement regime and a more recent low dosage, variable length oestrogen replacement shows that the latter offers greater flexibility and a promising trend towards higher pregnancy rates.

Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1990

Developmental change in unilateral olfactory habituation is mediated by anterior commissure maturation.

Habituation of an orienting response in rat pups was used to study the development of the anterior commissure (AC) and its role in olfactory memory. Six- and 12-day-old pups received odor presentations to one side of their olfactory system and were tested later for habituation to additional presentations made to either the trained or untrained side. Six-day-old pups remembered only on the trained side. Twelve-day-old pups remembered when tested on either side. Transection of the AC in 12-day-old pups before, but not after, training prevented the transfer of memory. Thus, between 6 and 12 days of age, olfactory cross-projections carried in the AC mature and provide a functional substrate for transfer, at the time of training, of a form of olfactory learning.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of vaginal ultrasonic-guided and laparoscopic retrieval of oocytes for in vitro fertilization.

A retrospective analysis was undertaken to compare the less invasive technique of vaginal ultrasonic-guided oocyte retrieval with the standard laparoscopic technique. We have shown that the outcome of the transvaginal technique with respect to oocytes harvested, fertilization rate, and pregnancy rate is comparable with the laparoscopy technique. We have also shown that 9 clinicians with little previous expertise in ultrasound have been able to incorporate this technique into a busy and successful in vitro fertilization unit.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Cranial gunshot wounds.

Cranial gunshot wounds frequently produce devastating injuries to central nervous system structures. This article reviews pertinent principles of ballistics to explain several mechanisms of injury to the brain. A series of 21 consecutive cases of cranial gunshot wounds is presented outlining a protocol for management and identifying factors of prognostic significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Human amniotic fluid for fertilization and culture of human embryos: results of clinical trials in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs.

We report the outcome of clinical trials carried out in two IVF programs, comparing the use of human amniotic fluid (HAF) as a complete medium to Whittingham's T6 medium containing human serum (T6 + 10% HS) for egg incubation, insemination, embryo culture, and embryo transfer. There were no significant differences in the clinical trials between HAF used alone as a complete medium and T6 + 10% HS in fertilization rates of eggs, cleavage rates of embryos up to 48 hours in culture, pregnancy success rates after embryo replacement or the outcome of pregnancies. There was no advantage in using T6 + 10% HS for fertilization of eggs and HAF as a complete medium for embryo culture and transfer in any of the parameters examined. We conclude that HAF does not meet the complete requirements of human eggs and embryos in vitro and further developments of culture media are required to obtain embryo development equivalent to that in vivo.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1989

A prospective study of prognostic factors in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Multiple factors influence the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). This prospective study was designed to assess their relative importance, in order to improve prognostic ability and treatment success. Prior to IVF-ET, couples were divided into "good" (GP) and "poor" (PP) prognosis groups according to female age, semen quality, previous response to stimulation, and embryo quality. The data obtained from 716 consecutive treatment cycles then were evaluated using univariate statistics and logistic regression, a technique designed to assess the relative contribution of significant factors. The pregnancy rate per GP cycle was 14.7%, compared with 5.4% per PP cycle (chi 1(2) = 12.7, P less than 0.001). The most important prognostic factors were female age, the pregnancy rate showing a linear decline after the age of 25, and previous failed fertilization due to abnormal sperm. The rate of pregnancy also declined after 14 or more follicles were aspirated and/or nine oocytes were retrieved. A formula for the probability of pregnancy, derived from the logistic regression, provides patients with a more accurate prognosis before treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cytodiagnostic urinalysis. Three years experience with a new laboratory test.

Cytodiagnostic urinalysis is performed by examining Papanicolaou-stained cytocentrifuge preparations of urine sediment. Nonrenal transplant patient results (N = 1,602) were reviewed. Renal hematuria was found in 37.7% of specimens, white blood cell casts in 11%, and renal tubule cell injury in 53%. The technique demonstrates significantly improved sensitivity to detect urine sediment abnormalities indicative of renal parenchymal disease. The technical requirements are readily available and easy to implement in the laboratory. Skills required for identification and quantitation can be acquired in a few weeks.

Cytodiagnosis↗
PubMed1989

Infection following caesarean section: a study of the literature and cases with emphasis on prevention.

Many factors influence the incidence of sepsis following caesarean section. In Zimbabwe all caesars probably warrant prophylactic antibiotics. These should be given parenterally in high doses, starting peri-operatively. Single doses have been found effective. An overall 26 percent incidence of infection was found in 46 consecutive caesars at Hwange. Ruptured membranes for 6 hours or more, duration of operation 60 minutes or more, and post-operative haemoglobin less than 9.5 g percent were significantly associated with infection. A prolonged post-operative course of benzylpenicillin plus streptomycin appeared to have no advantage over three perioperative doses of chloramphenicol. The results support the contention that antibiotic prophylaxis for caesarean section should be perioperative, ensuring a high plasma concentration of antibiotic during the operation. Further study is needed to determine the best drug of combination and the optimum number of doses. Prophylaxis needed may vary with the degree of risk, but at present this cannot be reliably assessed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗