Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to C Kirchner.
Based on the finding that rat uromucoid cross reacts with antihuman uromucoid, rat uromucoid was isolated by means of immune absorption chromatography. Using a monospecific antiserum obtained with the use of this preparation, uromucoid was shown to be present in the distal tublues of the kidney. A quantitative immunological determination was made from the urine of 30 normal rats.
The localization and release of uteroglobin (UGL) were investigated immunohistologically in the oviducts and uteri of female rabbits from oestrus through the 7th day post coitum and the blastocyst on the 7th day post coitum. UGL was detected within Fallopian tube cells even during oestrus. Granules of UGL appeared toward the bases of these cells. Subsequently, the cells became almost entirely filled with UGI. Drop-like protrusions of the apical cytoplasm suggest a mechanism of apocrine extrusion. All stages of filling and extrusion were visible during the entire preimplantation period. During oestrus, synthesis of UGL within uterine cells becomes sufficiently advanced so that extrusion has either already begun or is about to begin. UGL positive material first appears in the supranuclear regions. Later the entire cytoplasm shows a positive reaction. An uneven distribution of UGL cells is observed in the endometrium. Since only the glands adjacent to the myometrium and cells of the cavum epithelium contain UGL, a striking mosaic of UGL positive and negative cells results. The present report is the first detecting UGL in single cells of the blastocyst. Both entodermal and ectodermal cells proved to be UGL positive. The synthesis and section of UGL in the oviduct and uterus and the possible origins of UGL in the blastocyst are discussed.
Rabbit uterine uteroglobin (UGL) was studied by electrophoretic and immunological methods following normal copulation, after ovariectomy and progesterone treatment, 17beta-oestradiol and combined progesterone treatment, 17 beta-oestradiol treatment alone and after HCG-induced pseudopregnancy. Electrophoretic studies show the amount of ULG in uterine secretions, the immunological investigations indicate the intracellular localization of ULG and the distribution of ULG-positive cells in the endometrium. No obvious differences were found between the uteri 7 days after injection with chorion-gonadotropin and those 7 days following normal copulation. No differences could be domonstrated between the uteri of animals 35 days following ovariectomy and subsequent progesterone treatment on Days 31-33 and those of normal 7 d. post coitum (p.c.) animals. Uteri from animals treated with progesterone on Days 2-5 p.c. contained more ULG-positive cells than controls. 17beta-oestradiol treatment with and without subsequent progesterone treatment resulted, in both gravid and ovariectomized animals, in the formation of a tall columnar endometrial epithelium. Treatment with 17 beta-oestradiol on Days 1 and 2 p.c. led to a decrease in the number of UGL-positive cells at 7 days p.c. Even after ovariectomy with 17 beta-oestradiol substitution, UGL-positive cells were still present in the endometrium. However a secretion of any magnitude could not be detected. The importance of differentiation between synthesis and secretion (= release) as distinct phases of the glandular response is especially emphasised by the latter findings.
The results of polyacrylamide disc electrophoretic, gel chromatographic and agar gel immunoelectrophoretic analyses of rabbit seminal plasma were compared to those for uterine secretions and serum. Two of the seminal plasma proteins seemed to be identical with the uterine proteins uteroglobin and prealbumin.
Nationally representative samples of senior physicians, interns and residents, and medical students were interviewed during the spring of 1973. The main focus of the present analysis is senior physicians' responses to national health insurance issues. The level of support among physicians is underestimated by physicians themselves. Despite the fact that 56 per cent of the doctors were in favor of "some form of national health insurance," almost three-fourths of the respondents believed that most doctors they knew personally were opposed. More than four-fifths of the physicians believed that NHI was inevitable, and those who saw NHI as inevitable were more likely to favor it. Doctor's views about NHI were closely related to their general political views. In general, attitudes of AMA members and grass-roots state and local medical society leaders were not greatly divergent. In terms of responses to specific components differentiating NHI alternatives, physicians preferred conservative options on how a program was to be financed and administered as well as whether the development of prepaid groups should be encouraged. Support for the liberal alternative was strongest on the question of peer reviews, with 75 per cet in favor of such reviews under a NHI program. Differentiation in the profession is considerable. Main activity, work setting, specialty, percentage of income in salary, geographical location, and career stage all contribute to differing reactions to NHI among physicians.
Uromucoid excretion was measured in 49 normal subjects and 79 patients with stones. The results showed no significant differences in the uromucoid excretion rate between these 2 groups; there was no simple quantitative relationship between uromucoid excretion rate and the genesis of stones. It is suggested that uromucoid may be concerned in a protective function of tubular epithelium and also in the transport of electrolytes and hydrogen ions.
Uromucoid of the rat shows cross reactions with antihumanuromucoid serum. Localisation of this protein in the kidney of rat in comparison to the kidney of man was carried through by immune histological technique with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated antihumanuromucoid globuline. Results show that in rat and man synthesis site of Uromucoid are the distale tubules.
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