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C Kratzik

Publications and source records attributed to C Kratzik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Incidence of testicular microlithiasis.

In adults polytopic intratubular calcifications of the testes are rare. Known as testicular microlithiasis, they manifest themselves in a characteristic echo pattern on sonography with high-frequency transducers (5 to 10 MHz). This consists of multiple echogenic specks in an otherwise normal testicular parenchyma. In a retrospective analysis of 1,710 testicular sonograms of adults, bilateral intratesticular microliths were found in 11 cases (0.6%). In 5 of them, the microliths were associated with a testicular tumor. One patient with a tumor in the contralateral testis had undergone radiotherapy and another one presented with hypogonadism. Four patients with noncontributory histories presented with varicocele or epididymal cyst. Sonographic findings were confirmed histologically in 6 patients. Multiple intratubular calcifications were found in all of them. The pathogenesis of testicular microliths is still poorly understood. Their clinical relevance is unclear, but their incidence in adults appears to be higher than reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

High resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of simple intratesticular cysts.

Simple intratesticular cysts are a rare condition. High resolution sonography permits unequivocal sonographic differentiation between intratesticular cysts and neoplastic lesions with a cystic appearance, so that conservative treatment seems justified. Seventeen patients with sonographically diagnosed intraparenchymal testicular cysts were followed up for an average of 29 months. No increase in size or change in echo pattern was found and surgical therefore not indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Risk factors for bilateral testicular germ cell tumors. Does heredity play a role?

Twenty-three bilateral testicular germ cell tumors (four synchronous and 19 sequential tumors) were investigated for potential risk factors. The incidence of maldescensus testis was not found to be higher than in patients with unilateral disease. The histologic findings of the first tumor did not have any effect on the incidence of the second tumor. In 21 patients (four synchronous and 17 sequential tumors), histocompatibility antigens (HLA) were determined; HLA-B14 was increased significantly in the sequential tumor group. Tendencies toward an increase of HLA-DR5 and HLA-DR7 also were found. The HLA-DR1, HLA-DR3, and HLA-DR4 showed a tendency toward a decreased frequency. Therefore genetic factors might be important in the development of sequential bilateral testicular cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Therapeutic transrenal occlusion of the ureter: solution of plug migration problem.

Vesicovaginal fistulas in three patients and a vesicocutaneous fistula in one patient were treated by percutaneous transrenal occlusion of the ureter with a commercially available silicone occluder (Angiomed, Karlsruhe, Germany) which was secured by means of histoacryl placed on top. Urinary flow was diverted by a permanent nephrostomy tube. We observed no complications (e.g., urinary tract infection, occluder migration, or recurrence of urine discharge) at an average follow-up period of 9.1 months.

Enbucrilate↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of renal artery occlusion by duplex sonography and successful lysis therapy.

A case of partial renal artery occlusion in a 44-year-old man is reported. Diagnosis was established by Duplex sonography and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Subsequently performed local lysis therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator achieved partial revascularization. Doppler evaluation of renal blood flow is useful to detect renal infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Percutaneous sclerosing of kidney cysts with alcohol].

Symptomatic benign renal cysts in 23 patients were obliterated by ultrasound-guided puncture and instillation of sterile 95% ethanol. In no case did complications occur. In 5 cases the cysts recurred after an average of 3 months; the primary size (diameter) was more than 10 cm in all of these. This simple technique seems to be a suitable treatment option for smaller cysts up to 10 cm because of its low complication rate and because no hospital admission is required.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chemical castration using a depot LHRH-agonist as a palliative therapy concept in prostatic carcinoma--clinical, endocrinological and experimental studies].

79 patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic prostate cancer were treated by means of a biodegradeable depot formulation of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue Goserelin (Zoladex). All patients received 3.6 mg depot Goserelin (Zoladex 3.6 mg implantate) subcutaneously into the anterior abdominal wall at 4 weekly intervals. The average time of observation was 24.2 months. The best objective response rate was found in 62%. Serum testosterone levels initially increased after the first depot injection and then decreased ultimately to castrate range (less than 0.6 ng/ml) between day 15 and day 27 (median 21) in the majority of patients. Castrate testosterone levels were still found 48 months after the start of treatment with depot Goserelin. 6 months after institution of treatment in 66.7% of cases evident signs of histological regression were found in the primary tumour tissue. Adenocarcinoma presented with a highly significantly better response pattern than anaplastic carcinoma. In animal experiments a single dose of 1 mg depot Goserelin was administered to adult male rats and the effect on serum testosterone levels and target organs (testes and ventral prostate) were investigated. Mean testosterone levels (mean = 0.31 ng/ml) decreased to castrate range (less than 0.3 ng/ml). 4 weeks after depot injection weight of the testes and prostate weight were significantly reduced. However 8 weeks after administration of 1 mg depot Goserelin there was no significant between the control group and the treated group. We conclude that the depot formulation of Goserelin (Zoladex) is effective, simple, practicable and safe in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer. Current clinical studies are confirming the importance of reversible medical castration by LHRH agonists before radical prostatectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Surveillance strategy for intratesticular cysts: preliminary report.

We treated 15 patients with all sonographic criteria of a simple testicular cyst. Of the patients 6 were operated on and the diagnosis was confirmed histologically, while 9 did not undergo an operation but are under close observation (mean surveillance 11 months). All patients are without any detectable malignancy. The possibility of a surveillance strategy in simple intratesticular cysts is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

HLA-antigen distribution in seminoma, HCG-positive seminoma and non-seminomatous tumours of the testis.

Histocompatibility antigens play a certain role in the development of testicular tumours. 151 patients with testicular cancer (86 non-seminomatous germ cell tumours--NSGCT--and 65 pure seminoma) were typed for the HLA-antigens of the A, B, C and DR locus. 24 patients of the pure seminoma group and 50 patients of the NSGCT group had an elevated serum HCG level preoperatively. The antigen DR-5 was elevated in the seminoma group whereas the incidence of B-13 was increased in the NSGCT group. In terms of antigen distribution HCG-positive seminoma resembles seminomatous tumours rather than NSGCT.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1989

Has ultrasound influenced the therapy concept of blunt scrotal trauma?

We present the ultrasonic diagnoses and treatment of 44 patients with blunt scrotal trauma (rupture of the testis, hematocele, intratesticular hematoma and hematoma of the scrotal layers). Purely intratesticular hematoma without any other accompanying injury also can be detected sonographically. When massive scrotal swelling is present ultrasound is valuable to determine the status of the underlying testis even if discrete fracture planes of the tunica cannot always be detected. To achieve best long-term results early surgical intervention should be performed in cases of rupture of the testicle and hematocele, while hematoma of the scrotal layers and purely intratesticular hematoma can be treated conservatively.

Hematocele↗
PubMed1989

[Hydatid torsion as a cause of acute scrotum--clinical, sonographic and anatomic aspects].

Out of 82 patients with acute swelling of the scrotum, 25 (30.5%) had hydatid torsion. Hydatid torsion was the second most common cause of acute scrotal swelling in the entire patient group. In the group of patients up to 14 years of age (n = 36), hydatid torsion was found in 47.2% and was the most common cause of acute scrotal swelling, followed by torsion of the spermatic cord. Only 3 patients had torsion of an appendage of the epididymis. All other patients (n = 22) had torsion of the hydatid of Morgagni (appendage of the testicle). A difference in anatomical structure and vascularization during childhood seems to be the most important aspect regarding hydatid torsion and hemorrhagic infarction. Ultrasonographic examination of the scrotum and checking to see if the typical physical signs are present can help in making the exact diagnosis. In 13 patients with hydatid torsion, the scrotum was examined with ultrasound high-frequency transducers (7.5, 10 and 12 MHz). In 4 patients, the diagnosis was hydatid torsion, as determined by ultrasonography. Two patients were treated conservatively with a daily follow-up including a clinical examination and investigation of the scrotum with ultrasound. The patients recovered very quickly and the acute symptoms resolved within a few days in virtually all instances. Thus, in cases where the diagnosis is proven and the course of the disease is reasonably mild and painless, conservative management of intrascrotal hydatid torsion is possible and can be an effective means of treatment in lien of surgical intervention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Response of the seminiferous epithelium to scattered radiation in seminoma patients.

Semen and blood samples were obtained, at 3-month intervals over 12 to 28 months, from patients who underwent subdiaphragmal radiation after orchidectomy for seminoma testis. Before radiotherapy a mean (+/- SE) semen volume of 4.7 +/- 0.5 ml, a mean sperm count of 44.4 +/- 13.5 x 10(6)/ml, a mean percentage of motile cells of 20.3 +/- 5.2, a mean percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa of 13.4 +/- 5.4, a mean percentage of swollen sperm of 39.6 +/- 7.4, and a mean serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) value of 8.3 +/- 1.2 mIU/ml was found. The mean testicular dose from scatter was 62 +/- 5 cGy (range, 34 to 95 cGy). Sperm counts between 0 and 2.75 x 10(6)/ml were seen at 6.8 +/- 0.6 months and recovery to values greater than 2.25 x 10(6)/ml at 11.8 +/- 0.8 months after the start of radiation. Peak FSH values of 19.2 +/- 1.6 mIU/ml were obtained at 6.7 +/- 0.9 months after the start of irradiation. After recovery mean semen volume was 3.9 +/- 0.4 ml, mean sperm count 34.6 +/- 5.6 x 10(6)/ml, the mean percentage of motile cells 42.5 +/- 6.0, the mean percentage of swollen sperm 58.7 +/- 6.8, and the mean percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology 23.4 +/- 5.1. Only motility was significantly different (P less than 0.01) from pretreatment values. The elevation of FSH values with time after start of radiotherapy reflected the toxicity to spermatogenesis but no correlation was found between peak FSH levels and scattered radiation dose. Also, neither the time from start of radiotherapy to sperm count nadir or recovery nor the time to peak FSH levels was significantly correlated with radiation dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Texture analysis--a new method of differentiating prostatic carcinoma from prostatic hypertrophy.

This study compares the results of a new computer assisted evaluation program of sonographic images of the prostate with the histological examination of the operative specimen. This computer program is based on the fact that the human eye is not capable of distinguishing picture distribution points which differ in higher than second order statistics. The sensitivity of the method was 89%, the specificity 86% and the diagnostic accuracy 88%. The results are discussed by comparing them to results of transrectal sonography and digital palpation as reported in the literature.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Microsomal aromatase in testicular tumour tissue: increased activity in choriocarcinoma compared to embryonal carcinoma.

Microsomal aromatase activity was assayed in testicular tumour tissue from one patient with choriocarcinoma and two patients with embryonal carcinoma. In the microsomal fractions of tumour tissue conversion of 3H-testosterone and 3H-androstenedione to 3H-17 beta-estradiol and 3H-estrone was measured. Aromatase activity was markedly increased (8-fold) in choriocarcinoma compared to embryonal carcinoma. In the choriocarcinoma patient, high HCG-levels measured in serum and the increased aromatase activity in the tumour with resulting elevated estrogen levels in serum seem to be responsible for the decreased production of androgen in this type of tumour.

Androstenedione↗
PubMed1988

Impact of sonography on diagnosis of scrotal diseases: a multicenter study.

Scrotal ultrasound was carried out since 1980 in five centers. 1,971 cases presenting with pathological conditions of scrotal content were reviewed to asses limitations and possibilities of the method. Scrotal sonography was found to be a highly reliable method to distinguish between intra- and extratesticular lesions. The data presented reveal that sonography is not capable of differentiating reliably between benign and malignant lesions. In the decision-making process ultrasound is sometimes of great help to the urologist but surely no substitution for careful examination and history taking.

Austria↗
PubMed1988

Sonographic appearance of benign intratesticular lesions.

58 patients with a purely intratesticular lesion were investigated with scrotal ultrasound. A pathognomonic echo pattern could be found for simple parenchymal cysts and hemangiomas only. The nature of all other lesions (chronic orchitis, hematoma, epidemoid cyst, testicular necrosis, abscess and tuberculosis) could not be defined solely on sonographic grounds.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Complications of preoperative arterial vascular embolization in malignant kidney tumors].

In 66 patients with renal tumours on 30 patients a preoperative transfemoral embolisation of the renal artery of the tumour-bearing kidney was performed. The complications were established and compared with the 36 patients without occlusion. On account of the considerable side effects a preoperative occlusion seems to be reasonable only in selected cases.

Adult↗