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Biomedical subjects

C Krause

Publications and source records attributed to C Krause.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Mercury concentration in blood and urine--before and after the placement of dental amalgam fillings].

70 patients of dentist's surgery were given MOD amalgam fillings (non-gamma-2 amalgam) for molars. They were allocated for comparison to four groups defined by their treatment, i.e. the number of old and new restorations and whether a rubber dam was used. Blood and urine samples were collected at regular intervals before and during a 14-day period after treatment and tested for mercury concentration (Hg). Over the observation period the groups with the highest exposure (1-2 old restorations replaced by new ones) showed a tendency, in contrast to the less exposed groups (1 new filling with or without dam), towards increases (p less than 0.10) in group average Hg values of approx. 0.2 microgram/L (blood) and 0.3 microgram/g creatinine (urine) as acute treatment effects. The highest values recorded before and after the treatment, 3.3 micrograms/L (blood) and 16.5 micrograms/L (urine) are higher than normal but do not indicate any increase in the risk to health especially if they are not persistent.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1989

Direct determination of cadmium in urine using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman-effect background correction.

A procedure is described for the direct determination of cadmium in human urine using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman-effect background correction. Except for a straightforward 1 + 1 V/V dilution of samples with 1.5% nitric acid, no matrix modifier or sample pre-treatment was necessary, thus reducing the risk of contamination. The concentration of cadmium in urine was evaluated directly from a calibration graph prepared using a metal-spiked human urine pool. In this way the time-consuming method of standard additions was avoided, permitting an increased sample throughput (120-150 samples per day; 90 s per analysis) with minimal attention of the analyst. In routine use, the precision (both within day and day to day) and limit of detection were of the order of less than 10% and 0.05 micrograms l-1 of Cd, respectively. The method is suitable for the biological monitoring of cadmium in the general population or in occupationally exposed persons.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1989

Interactions of the ulcerogen cysteamine with enteric inhibitory nerves and putative transmitters in the rat small intestine.

1. The effects of the ulcerogen cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol HCL) on spontaneous activity and evoked responses of rat isolated small intestine preparations were investigated in vitro. 2. Cysteamine induced concentration-dependent relaxations of isolated segments of the rat duodenum, jejunum and ileum. These actions were manifest simultaneously in both the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, where the responses displayed a similar profile. 3. Treatment with tetrodotoxin (0.1 microM) or cold storage of individual preparations to prevent nerve-mediated responses abolished the effects of cysteamine. The presence of atropine (0.1 microM), propranolol (3.0 microM) and phentolamine (3.0 microM) in the bathing solution did not affect the cysteamine-evoked relaxations, suggesting cysteamine was stimulating non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) intrinsic inhibitory nerves. 4. Applied cysteamine reversibly reduced GABA- and DMPP-evoked NANC nerve-mediated relaxations via actions unrelated to the receptors for these agents. 5. Methysergide-sensitive (direct) actions of 5-HT on the muscularis but not 5-HT neurally evoked responses were blocked by cysteamine. 6. It would appear that cysteamine has excitatory and inhibitory actions on enteric inhibitory nerves as well as specifically interfering with myogenic but not neural actions of 5-HT.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of rubella antibodies in 16-year-old girls within the scope of the final school and youth occupational preventive examinations 1986/88 conducted by the youth health service of the Tempelhof district in Berlin].

574 girls of 16 years of age were examined during 1987/88 for rubella antibody titres as part of their health examination before leaving school. 78.9% of these had a HHT of 1:32 or higher. In 13.1% the titre was 1:16 and in 8% below 1:16 HHT. 75.1% of the girls had been vaccinated against rubella when they were 11 years of age. The titre values of vaccinated and non-vaccinated girls were compared with each other. The results were given to the parents in writing. If the vaccination titre was low, repeat vaccination was recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Food contamination by emissions from dry cleaning compounds].

Tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene) from dry-cleaning units may contaminate adjacent flats in the same building. Increased concentrations of tetrachloroethene have been found in foodstuffs in homes situated above dry cleaning units and in foodstuffs from groceries located neat drycleaning units. The concentrations were extremely high in foods rich in fat.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

[Contamination of foodstuff by gases from tetrachloroethene emissions from a dry cleaners].

Tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene) and other volatile organic compounds may contaminate the surroundings of dry-cleaning units. Increased concentrations of tetrachloroethene were found in food, human hair, textiles and dust from a vacuum cleaner in a home situated above a dry-cleaning unit. The concentrations were found to be extremely high in food rich in fat. The analytical procedure for the above-mentioned samples is described.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1985

Comparing the effects of perinatal and later childhood lead exposure on neuropsychological outcome.

Blood lead values (PbB) from cord blood and maternal samples as well as present PbB from venous blood samples were available for 114 six- to seven-year-old children living in or near the city of Nordenham (FRG). These children represented 30% of all children born between July 1975 and August 1976 in the district hospital (N = 383). The range of cord blood PbB was 4-31 micrograms/100 ml (mean = 8.2 micrograms/100 ml) and of maternal PbB was 4-30 micrograms/100 ml (mean = 9.3 micrograms/100 ml), whereas the range for present PbB was 3.9-22.8 micrograms/100 ml (mean = 8.2 micrograms/100 ml). The degree of correlation between maternal and cord blood PbB was 0.79, despite the poor technical quality of many cord blood samples as compared to maternal blood samples (less coagulation). These children were given a battery of neurophysiological and neuropsychological tests. The present report is restricted to psychological performance measures. The test battery covered intelligence (reduced Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children), visual-motor performance (Bender Test, GFT), serial reaction performance (Wiener Reaction Device), and cued as well as choice reaction times. After correction for confounding by means of stepwise multiple-regression analysis, few significant associations between blood lead levels and performance deficit occurred. In general the degree of association was somewhat stronger for present PbB than for perinatal PbB: With increasing present PbB there was a borderline drop of performance IQ (P less than 0.1), as well as a significant disruption of serial reactions, which was more pronounced for the difficult (P less than 0.01) than for the easier version of the Wiener Device (P less than 0.05). A similar but less pronounced pattern of associations was observed for maternal PbB but not for cord blood PbB. Some influence of perinatal lead exposure on later performance can, thus, still be detected if, in addition to cord blood PbB, maternal PbB is taken into account as well.

Child↗