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Biomedical subjects

C Kretzschmar

Publications and source records attributed to C Kretzschmar.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Examination of systemic tumor necrosis factor activity under physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions].

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) activity in the circulation of several animal species was determined by a bioassay, using the murine cell line L929. In healthy adult cattle, horses, pigs and dogs, species specific differences of systemic TNF activity were visible. In cattle, TNF activity in the circulation increased during growing up from calf to adult animal. In cattle suffering from various diseases, unchanged, elevated, but also reduced systemic TNF activity have proved to possess clinical relevance. Low systemic TNF activity frequently occurs during lethal inflammatory diseases and may be an indicator of generalized monozyte paralysis.

Aging↗
PubMed1996

[The evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration in body fluids in local and systemic endotoxin exposure].

Tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNF) has been shown to have a pivotal role in mediating biological effects of endotoxins. Therefore, TNF measurement in the circulation is thought to be a useful diagnostic and prognostic instrument in patients exposed to endotoxin. However, the character of the TNF response depends on the mode of endotoxin exposure and is influenced by a variety of factors. Furthermore, to interpret the TNF state, the regulative effects of the two soluble TNF receptors have to be considered. Finally, the current techniques of TNF determination have to be improved and standardized to obtain reliable and comparable results and to establish TNF measurement as a valuable laboratory parameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Development and testing of an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies against avian encephalomyelitis].

Because of the intensive efforts required and the dissatisfactory sensitivity achieved with the traditional serological diagnostic techniques for Avian Encephalomyelitis, an ELISA was developed and tested to show the presence of antibodies in chicken serum. Using a multi-phase antigen preparation and optimizing the reagents and serum dilutions, a method was developed which shows considerable advantages in sensitivity, specificity, practicability and costs compared with the Embryo Serum Neutralization Test.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[An experimental contribution to the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia of rabbits (rabbit hemorrhagic disease, RHD)--transmission by flies].

In experiments adapted to natural conditions it was established that--a conjunctival infection with about 100 RHD-virus particles was successful--in a milieu without flies transmission over a distance of only 50 cm did not take place--iridescent flies (Phormia spp.) seven hours after contamination with RHD-virus material from died rabbits transmitted RHD to susceptible rabbits in an isolated cage. It ist supposed that transmission in this way will be an epizootiological important one for spreading in narrow distances.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A hitherto unknown reaction pattern in vertebrate cells (RiV). 2. The protective effect of RiV particle preparations against foot-and-mouth disease in guinea pigs].

Further observations concerning the previously described RiV-particles are reported. They were isolated from a diploid cell line of bovine origin, embryonal duck fibroblasts and BHK-21 cells. A protective effect against foot-and-mouth-disease virus in guinea pigs could be observed following inoculation with the RiV-preparation of bovine origin. All 3 preparations isolated from the 3 cell lines showed immunologic cross reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease caused by aerosolized tap water from respiratory devices.

Five cases of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease which occurred over a five-month period were retrospectively investigated. Chart review showed that during the two- to 10-day incubation period before the onset of illness, all of the patients inhaled aerosolized tap water from jet nebulizers (four patients) or from a portable room humidifier (one patient), and all received high dosages of corticosteroids or adrenocorticotropic hormone. Exposure to both factors was highly significant (P less than 0.000001) when compared with the rate of exposure in 69 control patients. Environmental cultures yielded Legionella pneumophila from tap water and from reservoirs of tap water-filled respiratory devices. The yield was highest from hot tap water, in which the free chlorine level was less than 0.05 parts per million. Thus, Legionnaires' disease may be caused by contaminated aerosols from respiratory devices, and the use of contaminated tap water in such devices represents a previously unrecognized hazard to which corticosteroid-treated patients should not be exposed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Erwin Stransky and intrapsychic ataxy].

The eventful beginnings of the concept of schizophrenia are not widely known in France. Most of the relevant texts are German in origin and French readers have access to very few of them. Yet the concept of schizophrenia has largely been adopted; everything that can contribute to the understanding of its elaboration is of importance. This elaboration did not take the form of a series of brilliant ideas from Kahlbaum, Kraepelin and Bleuler but rather the synthesis by these authors of the theories of their time - theories generally unknown to the French public. One such is the theory of intrapsychical incoordination, propounded by the prolific and interesting Viennese, Erwin Stransky, well known in German-speaking countries but not in France. He was, in 1903, the first to emphasize the importance of inaffectivity in dementia praecox. He devised an explanatory model of this disease, indicating its origin as the variable alteration of the relationship between what he termed thymo and noopsyche. Stransky was the first to speak of intrapsychical ataxy, his model offers an explanation for spectacular remissions from dementia praecox and for pseudo-lucidity. Intrapsychical ataxy, according to the model, is of diagnostic value, allowing a distinction to be made between the paralogies and "wordsalads" of hysterics (only thymopsychic) and those of dementia praecox (only noopsychic).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Affective Symptoms↗