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Biomedical subjects

C L Dolman

Publications and source records attributed to C L Dolman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Glial fibrillary acidic protein and cartilage.

The presence of glial fibrillary acidic protein was tested for in cartilage of bronchi, trachea, pulmonary hamartomas, articular cartilage and chondrosarcomas. The cytoplasm of most chondrocytes in bronchi stained strongly positive, whilst in hamartomas only small foci at the edges reacted. Staining in the trachea was weak. In chondrosarcomas a few cells were positive, but most areas were negative. Articular cartilage was consistently negative. Young chondrocytes expressed the antigen more strongly than mature cartilage. Dedifferentiated cartilage cells such as chondrosarcoma react, in contrast to their cells of origin in articular cartilage.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Melanotic medulloblastoma. A case report with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination.

A melanotic medulloblastoma is reported with electron microscopic and immunohistochemical findings. The cerebellar tumor had seeded through the cerebrospinal fluid to cerebrum and spinal cord, spread through the dura, and metastasized to the lungs. It consisted of (i) anaplastic cells with slight neuronal differentiation, but without the fibrillary background of neuroblastomas, and (ii) epithelial islands pigments with melanin. The latter participated in the spread through the subarachnoid space, but did not extend beyond the dura. Electron microscopy revealed in the pigmented cells tight junctions and oculo-cutaneous melanin, including premelanosomes. The anaplastic cells had undistinguished organelles and only small junctions. On immunohistochemistry, the cytoplasm of the anaplastic cells was positive for neuron-specific enolase and neurofilament, and some of the nuclei were positive to S-100, confirming neuronal differentiation. The cells did not stain for glial fibrillary acidic protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin, alpha fetoprotein, vimentin, and epithelial membrane antigen. The melanotic cells were negative to all reagents tested, even to S-100 protein. The presence of oculo-cutaneous melanin and of neuronal elements indicate a neuroectodermal or neural crest origin.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Massive necrosis of the brain in rabies.

A young man developed virologically proved hydrophobic rabies three months after being scratched on the cheek by a bat in Northern Alberta. He became comatose after 8 days and died 5 weeks after vigorous therapy with immune globulin, interferon and Vidarabine, and excellent maintenance of oxygenation. Electroencephalographic deterioration was gradual. At postmortem examination, the brain showed widespread loss of nerve cells, mild diffuse inflammatory changes and no Negri bodies. The lesions of massive laminar necrosis of the cerebral cortex, total loss of Purkinje cells with preservation of the granule cell layer, and severe softening of the amygdala are attributed to direct viral action rather than to anoxia or brain swelling with respirator brain.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Niemann-Pick disease and juvenile xanthogranuloma. Are they related?

Niemann-Pick disease is a rare autosomal recessive lipidosis with accumulation of sphingomyelin in multiple organs due to sphingomyelinase deficiency. Cutaneous lesions are uncommon. We describe a case of Niemann-Pick disease with multiple cutaneous papules and nodules resembling juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemistry of meningiomas including the angioblastic type.

Immunohistochemical techniques were used to determine the intermediate filament content of normal arachnoidal cells, meningiomas (including the so-called hemangiopericytoma of the meninges), soft tissue hemangiopericytoma, and the normal pericyte. Arachnoid granulations and all types of meningioma stained similarly: positive for vimentin and variably positive for keratin. Soft tissue hemangiopericytomas and normal pericytes were negative for both vimentin and keratin. This suggests that the "hemangiopericytoma" of the meninges is a variant of meningioma and not of pericytic origin.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1987

Infiltrating orbital granular cell tumour: a case report and literature review.

A surgical biopsy of an infiltrative retrobulbar mass in a 44-year-old man was diagnosed as granular cell tumour. Electron microscopy and immunoperoxidase stains were used to confirm the diagnosis and to study the histogenesis of this rare soft tissue neoplasm. S-100 stain was positive, while neuron-specific enolase and myoglobin stains were negative, suggesting a non-specific neural origin for the cells. The capability of this tumour to invade surrounding tissues has seldom been described in the orbit and is demonstrated by this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemistry of so called "neoplastic angioendotheliosis".

Three cases of "neoplastic angioendotheliosis" were examined immunohistochemically by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for Factor VIII-related antigen and various leukocyte markers. In all three cases, the tumor cells stained positively for common leukocyte antigen. IgM, and kappa or lambda light chains were demonstrable in two cases. Stains for carcino-embryonic antigen and muramidase were negative. This indicates that the neoplastic cells in the lumen of blood vessels were of lymphoid origin.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

Radiological and pathological aspects of dural arteriovenous fistulas. Case report.

A case of dural arteriovenous (AV) fistula is presented with detailed radiological and pathological findings. The complex hemodynamic alterations that may result from dural AV fistulas are described. Pathological examination in this case demonstrated widespread occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus with multiple abnormal fistulous communications between abnormal arteries and arterialized veins. A portion of the lesion resembled a recanalized blood clot, in support of the theory proposed by others that dural AV fistulas are acquired lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Rupture of posterior inferior cerebellar artery by single blow to head.

Two cases of isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery are described. The rupture was caused in one instance by a fist blow to the face and in the other by a kick to the head. One patient survived for three days, the other patient for three weeks. In the latter patient, intimal fibrosis was progressing and the brain stem was partly infarcted. Necrosis and fragmentation of the wall adjacent to the rupture suggested both devitalization due to stretching and jarring as pathogenetic mechanisms. These lesions can be distinguished from berry aneurysms by their location along the trunk of the artery instead of in the fork of the bifurcation, by the lack of a fibrous aneurysmal sac, and often by fragmentation of the arterial wall at the edge and also near and opposite the rupture.

Arteries↗
PubMed1985

Prenatal diagnosis of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses.

We report on the successful prenatal diagnosis of the late infantile "Jansky-Bielschowsky" variant of the neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL). The fetus was studied at 16 weeks of gestation because of an affected sib. Uncultured amniotic fluid cells were studied by conventional electron microscopic techniques. About one-third of a subpopulation of dark, elongated cells contained one or more deposits of curvilinear cytosomes bound by a single unit membrane. These findings were considered typical of the late infantile variant of NCL. After delivery at term, a skin punch biopsy and a buffy coat preparation from the baby were examined and found to have similar characteristic inclusions, which confirmed our prenatal diagnosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Intratumoral autologous mononuclear cells in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. A phase 1 (toxicity) study.

Four patients with malignant gliomas recurring after surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were entered into a trial of immunotherapy. Partial removal of the recurrent tumors was performed and autologous mononuclear cell infusions were given into the resection cavity via a subgaleal reservoir that had been inserted at the time of tumor resection. Mononuclear cells were obtained using a cell separator and Ficoll-hypaque separation techniques. Patients were followed carefully with clinical examinations, CT brain scans and immunological testing. All patients have died and complete autopsies were done. We looked specifically for evidence of mononuclear cell penetration into the tumor and possible adverse effects on the normal brain or in the rest of the body. The results indicate that this type of therapy can be performed safely and may be useful in the treatment of patients with malignant gliomas.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of neurometabolic disorders by examination of skin biopsies and lymphocytes.

Morphologic diagnosis of many neurometabolic storage diseases can be achieved by electron microscopic examination of skin biopsies and/or peripheral lymphocytes. Pathognomonic inclusions of specific shape allow accurate diagnosis in ceroid neuronal lipofuscinosis, generalized glycogenosis, Tangier disease, metachromatic and globoid leukodystrophy, and sometimes in adrenoleukodystrophy. Vacuolation of cells and membranous cytoplasmic and zebra bodies, while not specific for individual diseases, still indicate the presence of one of a limited group of disorders. This method is especially useful in those inborn errors of metabolism for which biochemical tests are not available.

Brain Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMed1983

Non-specific senile dementia mimicking Huntington's disease in two siblings.

Two elderly brothers developed a progressive organic dementia associated with choreiform movements which was clinically suggestive of Huntington's disease. Necropsy studies disclosed non-specific cerebral atrophy in both patients. A precise diagnosis is of paramount importance in cases such as this because of the social and genetic implications of the diagnosis of Huntington's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with contralateral hemiplegia: identification of cause.

A patient with herpes zoster ophthalmicus developed hemiparesis that at first responded to steroids but, when these were reduced, culminated in massive cerebral infarction and death. The cause was an extensive necrotizing arteritis of large and small cerebral arteries. Herpes-like virions were identified in smooth muscle cells of the middle cerebral artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

A review of the morphology of Perthes' disease.

There are differences of opinion about the pathogenesis of Perthes' disease. All are agreed that it is due to ischaemia, but the cause of this and the size and number of infarctions are in dispute. Through the generosity of the contributors six whole femoral heads and core biopsies of five other cases have been studied radiographically and histologically. The findings ranged from an ischaemic arrest of ossification in the capital articular cartilage without infarction to multiple complete infarctions of the epiphysial bone. The ensuing reparative process contributes to the pathology, which is of a range to warrant grading or grouping.

Cartilage, Articular↗