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Biomedical subjects

C L Edwards

Publications and source records attributed to C L Edwards.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A prospective randomized clinical trial of melphalan and cis-platinum versus hexamethylmelamine, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide in advanced ovarian cancer.

From May 1978 until November 1980, 169 previously untreated patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were entered into a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing the combination of hexamethylmelamine, Adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (HAC) to a combination of melphalan and cis-platinum. Eleven patients were excluded from analysis and another 5 patients were excluded from response analysis. Of 153 patients evaluable for response, there were 47, or 30.7%, complete responders (all determined surgically), 6 partial responders, and 100 nonresponders. The response rate for the HAC group was 31% and for the melphalan-platinum group was 37.8%. The overall response rate was 34.6%. Residual tumor diameter (less than or greater than 2 cm) exerted a statistically significant effect on response--47.8 vs 24.4%. Of the 47 complete responders, 7, or 14.9%, have relapsed, with the median duration of remission of 44+ months. Of the 158 patients evaluable for survival, 90 patients have died, with a median survival time of 27.9 months (HAC = 26.4 months, melphalan-platinum = 29.6 months). Age, FIGO stage, histologic grade, and residual disease all exerted a significant effect on survival time. Second-line therapy in the treatment failures was of no benefit. Hematologic toxicity was greater in the melphalan-platinum group. Gastrointestinal toxicity was severe in both groups. Other toxicities were minor and infrequent.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Immunotherapy for vulvar carcinoma with virus-modified homologous extracts.

A membrane-enriched extract of a virus-infected vulvar carcinoma cell line was evaluated as adjunctive immunotherapy in 16 patients who had vulvar carcinoma with lymph node metastases. Thirteen patients also received adjunctive radiation therapy based on individually assessed risk factors. Two patients developed progressive disease. The median disease-free survival for the group was 26+ months, as compared with nine months for a historical group that had undergone surgery alone and 16 months for a second group that had received surgery and adjunctive radiation therapy. The median disease-free survival of the immunotherapy group was longer than that of either of the two historical groups. Over 400 doses of extract, each equivalent to 1.5 mg protein, were administered without significant side effects. Evidence is presented for humoral and cellular augmented immune reactivity. The authors suggest that this approach be evaluated further to determine its efficacy in preventing recurrence in selected high-risk patients who have vulvar carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Isoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in piglets.

A haemorrhagic diathesis due to isoimmune thrombocytopenia occurred in the fourth litter of a Landrace sow. Maternal antibodies, absorbed by piglets from the colostrum, were incompatible with platelet antigens inherited from the sire. The severity of haemorrhage varied between piglets although all were thrombocytopenic. Two deaths occurred, one at 24 h and the other at 3 weeks of age. The surviving 11 piglets were clinically and haematologically normal at 16 weeks of age.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cisplatin chemotherapy for disseminated endometrial cancer.

Twenty-six women with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer were treated with cisplatin at a dose of 50, 70, or 100 mg/m2 every 4 weeks. An objective response was obtained in 11 of 26 patients (42%), with 10 partial responses and 1 complete response. The median duration of remission was 5 months, with a range of 2 to 11 months. The complete response lasted 8 months. Five patients had stable disease lasting an average of 5 months. One of 6 patients (16.6%) responded to cisplatin at a dose of 50 mg/m2, 4 of 7 (57%) responded to the dose of 70 mg/m2, and 6 of 13 (46%) responded to the dose of 100 mg/m2, but the differences were not statistically significant (P = .2). In 8 of 26 cases (31%) cisplatin was discontinued because of toxicity. Three patients developed a peripheral neuropathy, 1 patient refused further therapy because of vomiting, 2 patients had nephrotoxicity, and 2 others had both nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. The average total cumulative dose of cisplatin administered when renal deterioration and neuropathy occurred was approximately 500 mg/m2. Cisplatin is definitely active against endometrial cancer, but toxicity precludes its prolonged administration in high doses on an outpatient basis. By maintaining a forced diuresis, toxicity can probably be decreased, thereby permitting continued administration of cisplatin. The drug may also be more useful when used at a lower dose in combination with other active agents against endometrial cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Progressive chromosome changes associated with different sites of one ovarian carcinoma.

Karyotype analyses were done on cells from the primary and metastatic sites, as well as on the ascitic fluid, from 1 patient with serous carcinoma of the ovary. An increase in the proportion of near-tetraploid cells occurred in the following order: cells from the primary site less than cells from the metastatic site less than cells from ascitic fluid. In addition, two new marker chromosomes appeared among the polyploid cells of ascitic fluid.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Hexamethylmelamine chemotherapy for disseminated endometrial cancer.

To evaluate the role of hexamethylmelamine (HMM) in the treatment of endometrial cancer, 20 women with metastatic or recurrent endometrial carcinoma received HMM orally at a dose of 8 mg/kg/day. Six patients (30%) showed a partial response, with a median duration of response of 3.5 months and a range of 1 to 7 months. Two patients responded to HMM as a second-line agent following previous treatment with nonhormonal chemotherapy. There were no complete responses. The major toxicities noted with HMM therapy were nausea, vomiting, and neurotoxicity. In 6 patients (30%), therapy with HMM was discontinued because of toxicity. Although HMM is active against endometrial cancer when given at a dose of 8 mg/kg/day, it appears to have limited usefulness because toxicity precludes its prolonged administration.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Single-agent cis-platinum therapy for advanced ovarian cancer.

From May 1976 to July 1978, 100 patients with untreated stage III or IV ovarian carcinoma were entered into a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing melphalan, cis-platinum, hexamethylmelamine and cyclophosphamide, and a combination of hexamethylmelamine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin). The 22 patients who received cis-platinum, 18 of whom ultimately received hexamethylmelamine and cyclophosphamide therapy, are analyzed, and surgical and chemotherapeutic treatments are described. Response was evaluated by either clinical or surgical methods. Eleven of the 22 patients (50%) responded to cis-platinum treatment. Survival times ranged from 2 to 24 months, with a median survival time of 21.2 months. Gastrointestinal, hematologic, renal, and neurologic toxicities are reported; peripheral neuropathy constituted the major toxicity. Methods of alleviating or preventing neurotoxicity are discussed. It is concluded that cis-platinum as a single agent possesses definite activity against ovarian cancer.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1981

Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for disseminated endometrial cancer.

Twenty-six cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the endometrium treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin) and cyclophosphamide at M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute were retrospectively analyzed. Thirteen patients were treated initially for disseminated disease and 13 for a recurrence. Eight of 26 patients, or 31%, showed a partial response. There were no complete responses. The median duration of remission was 4 months, with a range of 2 to 12 months. Previous exposure to progestins did not significantly affect subsequent response to doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Toxicity from chemotherapy was moderate. Four patients (15%) developed serious myelosuppression, 2 developed cardiac arrhythmia, and 1 developed a doxorubicin extravasation. No deaths were attributable to chemotherapy. The combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide has demonstrable, albeit limited, activity against metastatic endometrial cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Primary ovarian nongestational choriocarcinoma. Report of a case in a young woman of childbearing age.

Nongestational, pure ovarian choriocarcinoma is decidedly rare; the unequivocal diagnosis is rarely established in women of childbearing age. Differentiation of nongestational from gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is crucial, the prognosis and therapy being distinct in each type. We report a case of primary ovarian, nongestational, pure choriocarcinoma in a 27-year-old woman treated with surgery and aggressive chemotherapy. The distinction of nongestational from gestational choriocarcinoma and its variants, including latent choriocarcinoma, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Improved method for cytogenetic studies of solid tumors.

Solid human tumors were dissociated with collagenase, cultured for 16-48 hours, and harvested for cytogenetic preparation. Of the 19 tumors used, 14 showed sufficient numbers of metaphases to be useful for chromosome analysis.

Chromosome Banding↗