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Biomedical subjects

C L Janes

Publications and source records attributed to C L Janes.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Using focus groups to assess primary care patients' satisfaction.

The present report describes the use of patient focus groups by a primary health care facility. We review our rationale for using focus groups and the process we used to prepare for and conduct them. We then highlight the results and lessons learned through this experience. Focus groups can be an excellent method for primary care practices to assess the complexities of patient satisfaction issues and engage patients in the continuous quality improvement process. Focus groups can uncover unanticipated issues that surveys fail to identify. Our experience demonstrated that this benefit can be critical in identifying and prioritizing quality of care improvements and that focus group results can be used to make immediate improvements in the quality of care, even though this type of study is not intended to generalize.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMed1995

The Claxton Elementary School Health Program: merging perceptions and behaviors to identify problems.

The Claxton Elementary School Health Program was developed to improve the health of a school community in a western North Carolina city of 60,000. Using the principles of Community-Oriented Primary Care (COPC) in fall 1991, a health advisory board composed of interested parents, teachers, and physicians was organized. A comprehensive needs assessment was implemented, including focus groups with teachers and parents, a self-administered health behavior survey for children in grades three-five, and a self-administered survey of parents' health problems. Teachers, children, and parents agreed on perceived problems requiring attention. The Board then prioritized health problems, selecting nutrition and self-concept as the most critical areas in which to develop programs. Using target population members to identify needs can be a valuable approach to the development of community-based programs for improving children's health behaviors.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1984

Intelligence, classroom behavior, and academic achievement in children at high and low risk for psychopathology: a structural equation analysis.

The intelligence, academic achievement, and classroom behavior of 158 children were assessed in a sample that is being followed longitudinally. The sample included children at high risk for mental disorder by virtue of having a parent with a psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia or affective disorder, children at moderate risk, and children at low risk. A series of path analyses indicated that in this sample (1) classroom behavior was more likely an affect that a cause of academic achievement, and (2) the influence of parental psychopathology on classroom behavior was mediated by a child's intelligence and academic achievement. We were unable to substantiate an unmediated causal link between parental psychopathology and children's academic achievement or classroom behavior.

Achievement↗
PubMed1983

School behavior in adolescent children of parents with mental disorder.

This study examined teachers' evaluations of adolescent children of parents who had been hospitalized for mental disorder. Classroom behavior of these children as well as that of children of parents with physical illness was compared to that of adolescents whose parents had not been hospitalized for mental disorder. Both DSM-III and DSM-II categorizations were used. Two teacher-rated instruments were used. Adolescents with a parent with DSM-III diagnoses of schizophrenia and major affective disorder, as compared to children of nonill parents, were rated as less motivated, less harmonious, less stable, more dogmatic, and more verbally negative. Differences among children of parents with other diagnoses were generally less striking. Results using DSM-II diagnoses were similar to but weaker than those using DSM-III.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Clinic children with poor peer relations: who refers them and why?

Children who have poor peer relationships are at high risk for developing psychopathology in adulthood. Schools can provide an essential link between these children and mental health services by proper identification and referral. The role of schools in the referral process was evaluated for 298 boys and 98 girls seen at a child guidance clinic. Half of these referrals were made by schools, but referral because of poor peer relationships was unusual. It is suggested that teachers learns to attend more closely to children's social functioning as an important identifier of children at risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Agreement measurement and the judgment process.

This paper reviews the rationale for correcting for chance agreement beween two raters. It is suggested that under certain conditions correction for chance agreement is both unnecessary and inappropriate. When a chance correction is indicated, the chosen measure should be one that can be shown to be logically in accord with the two judges' method of determining each case's disposition. Two agreement measures, kappa (K) and Maxwell's Random Error Coefficient of Agreement (RE), are described in common terms and are then compared in terms of their assumptions about the judgment process. The plausibility of K's assumptions are challenged, and K's use is discouraged on the grounds that judgment table data are not treated in a way compatible with the process by which the table was constructed during the judgment process itself. Use of Maxwell's RE is recommended under conditions of equal proportions in the disagreement cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

An extension of the Random Error Coefficient of Agreement to N x N tables.

Maxwell has proposed the Random Error Coefficient of Agreement (RE), as a measure of agreement for the binary case based upon the assumption of random distribution of questionable cases. The present paper presents a more general formula for RE's computation and shows how the new form is applicable to cases with more than two response categories.

Models, Theoretical↗
PubMed1976

Electrodermal response configuration as a function of rated psychopathology in children.

Electrodermally labile children of schizophrenic, manic-depressive, and normal parents were identified as either uniphasic or biphasic responders, in each of three phases of a psychophysiological experiment. Psychological disturbance ratings, based upon test protocols, were determined independently. Analysis of the relationship between electrodermal response configuration and rated psychological pathology showed that biphasic responders were evaluated as more disturbed than uniphasic responders. The results were interpreted within a framework provided by Edelberg's work on the information content of the electrodermal recovery limb, and were seen as relevant to notions regarding schizophrenic information processing. It was hypothesized that in this situation, uniphasic responding reflected an adaptive defense against stimuli perceived as potentially threatening, whereas biphasic responding indicated overprocessing and inappropriate goal orientation.

Age Factors↗