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Biomedical subjects

C L Lee

Publications and source records attributed to C L Lee.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Multidrug resistant HOB1 lymphoma cells express P-glycoprotein that does not play the major role in the development of drug resistance to adriamycin.

Two cell lines resistant to 0.1 microM vincristine (VCR) and 2.0 microM adriamycin (ADR), respectively, (designated HOB1/VCR0.1 and HOB1/ADR2.0) were established from a human immunoblastic B lymphoma cell line. These cell lines showed the typical MDR phenotype with overexpression of P-glycoprotein and decreased [3H]VCR accumulation. The retention amounts of intracellular [3H]VCR in these two cell lines could be augmented by verapamil. However, in spite of the overproduction of P-glycoprotein, both HOB1/VCR1.0 and HOB1/ADR2.0 cells did not exhibit decreased accumulation of intracellular [14C]ADR. And the retention of [14C]ADR was not affected by verapamil. Our data support that P-glycoprotein is a drug transporter more important for the development of drug resistance to VCR than to ADR.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1992

The effect of stimulus duration on noxious-stimulus induced c-fos expression in the rodent spinal cord.

C-fos is a proto-oncogene that is expressed within some neurons following depolarization. The protein product, fos, has been proposed as an anatomical marker for neuronal activity following noxious peripheral stimulation. However, the literature on noxious-stimulus induced fos expression contains several puzzling observations on the time course and laminar distribution of neuronal labeling within the spinal cord. This study has analyzed the effect of stimulus duration on the expression of fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) within the spinal cord of anesthetized rats. In order to examine the time course of fos expression following brief periods of stimulation, we required a type of stimulus that was intense enough to activate nociceptors but that did not produce tissue damage. We have therefore employed pulsed, high intensity electrical stimulation, with stimulus durations ranging from 3 s to 24 h. The results indicate that stimulus duration has a profound effect upon the number of labeled cells, the intensity of neuronal labeling, the laminar pattern of FLI, and the time course of fos expression. Brief stimulation periods induce relatively few and relatively lightly labeled neurons, located predominantly within the most superficial laminae of the dorsal horn. Maximal immunoreactivity appears approximately 2 h after stimulation has ceased, and disappears within hours. Continuous stimulation produces many more labeled cells, darker labeling, and FLI within both dorsal and ventral laminar regions. Maximal FLI is seen after approximately 4.5 h of continuous stimulation, with reduction in the number of labeled cells thereafter. These data indicate that the results of any study employing c-fos as a marker for neuronal activity may be affected by the duration of the exciting stimulus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Unbalanced translocation of chromosome 3p in Wilms' tumor.

Genetic studies in Wilms' tumor have most commonly shown a deletion involving band 13 on the p arm of chromosome 11 in association with aniridia. Structural rearrangements of chromosome 3p have been found in carcinoma of renal cell and lung origin but have not been previously reported in Wilms' tumors. We present two phenotypically normal, unrelated patients with Wilms' tumors, one of which was bilateral, in which cytogenetic analysis of the tumors showed an unbalanced translocation of the p arm of chromosome 3. Two biopsies were done in the patient with bilateral Wilms' tumor. The first biopsy specimen showed a translocation between chromosome 3 and 13 with partial trisomy of 3p and loss of material from 13q. The second biopsy three and a half months later again showed trisomy of chromosome 3p. The unilateral Wilms' tumor showed trisomy of 3p with partial loss of 7p. Neither patient showed a constitutional chromosomal abnormality and neither tumor showed any cytogenetic abnormality involving chromosome 11p. Quantitative DNA analysis was performed in the tumors of both patients. The bilateral Wilms' tumor was nearly diploid with a DNA index of 1.284 (mean ploidy, 2.45; SD, 0.854) while the unilateral Wilms' tumor was aneuploid with a DNA index of 1.531 (mean ploidy, 3.35; SD, 0.976). DNA analysis results are discussed in relationship to the chromosome abnormality seen on the karyotype analysis. These cytogenetic findings suggest that genetic oncogenesis in Wilms' tumor is heterogenous.

Aniridia↗
PubMed1992

Postoperative migration of the adductor tendon after posterior adductor transfer in children with cerebral palsy.

The adductor longus tendon was tagged with metallic markers after posterior adductor transfer in 17 children (33 hips) with cerebral palsy: 10 had spastic diplegia and seven had spastic quadriplegia. The average age at operation was 5 years 3 months, time of postoperative immobilization 5.7 weeks and average follow-up 1 year 7 months. In 19 hips the tendon remained attached to the ischium, in 11 hips it pulled away from the ischium and in three hips the result was equivocal. The incidence of detachment was higher among diplegic children than quadriplegic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Immunoreactive beta-core-like material in normal postmenopausal urine: human chorionic gonadotrophin or LH origin? Evidence for the existence of LH core.

Material with the immunochemical properties of the beta-core of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) can be found in the urine of normal postmenopausal women. However, we have been unable to detect intact hCG (using an assay which is specific for the alpha-beta heterodimer of intact hCG) in serum of such subjects. The levels of serum LH and urinary beta-core were compared in matched samples from 28 women (serum LH: median 27 U/l, range 4-70 U/l, urinary beta-core: median 0.27 microgram/l, range less than 0.05-0.645 microgram/l). Urine (4 litres) from three postmenopausal women was concentrated, dialysed and subjected to gel exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100. Fractions were analysed by specific assays for LH, intact hCG, total beta-hCG (free beta-subunit and intact hCG), free alpha-subunit and beta-core. Material eluting at the expected position of the beta-core fragment of hCG was detected in all three samples by the beta-core, beta-hCG and LH assays, despite the fact that the LH antibody does not recognize the authentic beta-core of pregnancy. Electrophoresis and Western blotting of the concentrated urines revealed that material of the same molecular size as beta-core was recognized by the antibody to LH but not by a monoclonal antibody raised to free beta-hCG which also recognizes the beta-core molecule of hCG. We conclude that the predominant core-like material identified in postmenopausal urine is probably derived from the beta-subunit of LH.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Changes of blood viscosity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery during cardiopulmonary bypass].

The patient undergoing open-heart surgery depends on hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to maintain organ perfusion during cardiac arrest. Increased blood viscosity during hypothermic CPB might be life-threatening, so hemodilution is imperative. Fourteen open-heart patients of ASA class II-III were included in this study. Pre- and intra-CPB viscosity changes were observed. Before CPB, 6 ml blood sample was drawn out from open-heart patients after systemic heparinization and another 6 ml blood sample was drawn out from the oxygenator after CPB was established. The hematocrit and relative viscosity of each sample in different temperatures were measured. The result revealed that as the temperature decreases, the viscosity of each sample increases apparently. As compared to the pre-CPB blood sample, the hematocrit of blood obtained intra-CPB decreases from 36.81 to 27.04, (p < 0.001), and the viscosity also decreases at all different temperatures (p < 0.001). Blood viscosity obtained at 37 degrees C pre-bypass is not statistically different from the sample at 25 degrees C during bypass. Obviously, increased viscosity due to hypothermia is buffered by hemodilution after using large amount of fluid as priming solution during CPB. Therefore, the hematocrit and viscosity remain within physiologic ranges.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Mouse embryos co-cultured with various generations of human ampullary cells].

The pregnancy rates for the gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) and tubal embryo transfer (TET) methods have been shown to be high. The oviductal environment appears to be suitable for fertilization and subsequent cleavage. Many authors have reported that when co-cultured with human ampullary cells, the embryos can develop in vitro as well as in vivo. Thus, significantly more embryos reach the early blastocyst stage, and more successful implantation may be obtained. However, the characteristics of the ampullary cells may change after a series of sub-cultures. In this study, we compared the first and the seventh sub-culture ampullary cell co-cultured systems with a control group. There were significantly more embryos cleaved to blastocysts in these two co-cultured systems than in the control group, but no significant difference between these two co-cultured systems. Detoxification of the medium by co-cultured cells may play an important role in improving embryo quality.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic hysterectomy: preliminary report of 24 cases.

From March to November 1991, 24 patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomies at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei. The indications for hysterectomies included seven patients with adenomyosis, 14 with myoma uteri, one with intractable menorrhagia, and two with endometriosis and severe pelvic adhesions. The surgeries were performed using the techniques of videolaparoscopy, including a combination of Kleppinger bipolar forceps for hemostasis and scissors and/or CO2 laser for lysis of adhesions. The mean blood loss was 210 mL; there was one bladder injury during these procedures. Most of the patients were discharged on the second postoperative day. The advantages of a laparoscopic hysterectomy include a short hospitalization, low blood loss and less postoperative discomfort. Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a cost-effective and safe procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Simplified instrumentation for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.

A modified technique that requires fewer specialized instruments for laparoscopic cystectomy is demonstrated. Twelve consecutive cases of laparoscopic management of the ovarian tumors are reported. Patients were not included if there was any suspicion of malignancy. Laparoscopic management of the ovarian tumors included ovarian cyst (N = 8) and endometrioma (N = 4). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The average hospital stay was 2.6 days. The whole tumor was removed through an infraumbilical incision. Laparoscopic cystectomy is a cost effective and safe procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of body height and vertebral column length in Chinese parturients].

Spinal anesthesia (SA) is frequently used in parturients undergoing Cesarean sections (C/S). The body height (BH) is commonly believed to be one of the factors influencing the spread of SA, especially in patients with extremes of the BH. Recent studies, however, show that the spread of SA is not related to the BH but to the vertebral column length (VL). This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the BH and VL in Chinese parturients. 258 parturients without vertebral column abnormality undergoing C/S were included in this study. The VL (between C7 prominence and sacral hiatus) of each patient was measured in the right decubitus position. They were divided into 3 groups according to their BH (group A less than 152 cm; group B = in the range of 153-161 cm; group C greater than 162 cm). In each group correlation between the BH and VL was made by linear regression analysis. Also determined is whether there is significant difference between each two groups by unpaired Student's t-test. A p values less than 0.05 is considered as statistical significance. The results of the present study showed that although there exists correlation between the BH and VL, the correlation coefficient (r value) is small in each group (0.29, 0.13, and 0.31 in Group A, B, and C respectively; p less than 0.05). There is, also, no significant difference of the VL among the three groups. Therefore we concluded that the BH and VL did not closely correlate and therefore BH might contribute little to the spread of SA in the Chinese parturients, including those with extremes of BH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Homodimer and heterodimer subunits of human prostate acid phosphatase.

Human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) isoenzymes, designated PAP-A and PAP-B, were isolated from human seminal plasma by sequential affinity chromatography on concanavalin A and L(+)-tartrate, a classic inhibitor of PAP. Both the major PAP-A and the minor PAP-B isoenzymes exhibited a similar molecular mass (100 and 105 kDa respectively), multiple pI values (5.05-5.35 and 5.05-5.12), and substrate and inhibitor specificity. Immunological characterization revealed that PAP-B possesses distinct antigenic determinants, in addition to the common sites shared with PAP-A. SDS/PAGE indicated that both isoenzymes are composed of two subunits of 50 kDa each. At high salt concentration, PAP-B dissociated completely into single subunits of 50 kDa, whereas PAP-A remained intact at 100 kDa. PAP-B was resolved by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. into three components, designated alpha, beta and gamma, each of 50 kDa, at a molar ratio of approx. 2:1:1. PAP-A contained a single component of molecular mass 50 kDa. The single component of PAP-A and the alpha component of PAP-B possessed identical amino acid compositions and N-terminal sequences, which were different from those of the beta and gamma components. These results indicate that human PAP contains three isoforms, alpha 2, alpha beta and alpha gamma. PAP-A, the major isoenzyme, is a homodimer consisting of two identical subunits (alpha 2), and PAP-B, the minor isoenzyme, is a mixture of two heterodimers, consisting of non-identical subunits (alpha beta and alpha gamma).

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Retardation in tumor growth and metastasis demonstrated in a human CLL B-cell line after the acquisition of an extra chromosome 11.

In this study we described the isolation of a subclonal EBV-transformed human CLL B-cell line with retarded growth rate and metastatic potential from its clonal parent (D10-1), which was karyotyped: 46.XY.dup(1)(q11----q32). The subclone, designated D10-1C, was isolated by limiting dilution of D10-1 following selection in 8-azaguanine-supplemented medium. Chromosome analysis of D10-1C revealed a constitution of 47,XY, + 11.dup(1)(q11----q32). This is the first demonstration that partial trisomy 1q-associated growth advantage in human cancer cells can be retarded by the presence of an additional dose of chromosome 11. Human chromosome 11 had been shown to be responsible for the suppression of tumor development. Whether the same suppressor genes are involved in D10-1C remains to be elucidated. The procedure described here for the enrichment and isolation of a growth-retarded mutant from D10-1 may be applicable in other malignant cell systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Endogenous protein substrates for prostatic acid phosphatase in human prostate.

In order to identify the endogenous phosphoprotein substrates for human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), cellular proteins of human normal, benign, and malignant prostatic tissues as well as carcinoma cell lines were phosphorylated by the cellular kinases in the presence of (gamma-32P)-ATP and then were subjected to dephosphorylation reaction by PAP. Of several endogenous phosphoproteins, PAP preferentially dephosphorylated a cytosolic protein of Mr 83 kDa. The dephosphorylation of the 83 kDa phosphoprotein (designated pp83) by PAP was uniformly observed in all cells/tissues of prostate origin, and was completely inhibited by L(+)-tartrate, the classic inhibitor of PAP. Phosphoamino acid analysis revealed that pp83 was a tyrosine-poor phosphoprotein and was mostly dephosphorylated by PAP at serine/threonine residues rather than tyrosine residues. Further comparison of dephosphorylation rate with that of an endogenous phosphotyrosine-containing phosphoprotein (pp53) revealed that PAP possessed both phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase and phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase activity. These results demonstrate that pp83 apparently is an endogenous substrate of PAP in human prostate, and that, instead of a phosphotyrosine protein specific phosphatase, PAP is a universal protein phosphatase hydrolyzing equally well the phosphotyrosine, serine, and threonine residues.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of the antigenic peptides between human prostatic and lysosomal acid phosphatases.

The relative antigenicity (capacity to bind antibodies raised against the intact prostatic acid phosphatase) of the selected peptides from human prostatic and lysosomal acid phosphatases was evaluated in a competitive assay. Both prostatic and lysosomal acid phosphatases were shown to possess similar antigenic determinants on both terminal regions, along with more similarity on NH2-terminal peptide than COOH-terminal site. At least one additional antigenic site is present at the internal region of prostatic acid phosphatase, since the mixture of both amino- and carboxyl-terminal peptides exhibited only 70% inhibition.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Transesophageal echocardiography in acute aortic transection.

Confirming the diagnosis of acute transection of the descending aorta can be problematic. Unnecessary patient movement and time delay are often associated with conventional investigations. We describe a patient in whom such an injury was clearly and quickly defined at the bedside by transesophageal echocardiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Adoptive immunotherapy using lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2 in preventing and treating spontaneous pulmonary metastases of syngeneic Dunning rat prostate tumor.

Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from splenocytes of rats bearing a weakly immunogenic Dunning prostate tumor (R-3227 AT-3) and activated with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). The maximal LAK activity was obtained from splenocytes of rats bearing tumors for 10 to 14 days after incubation with 1000 U/ml./day of rIL-2 for five to eight days. The majority of these LAK cells expressed high levels of asialo GM1 (89%), laminin (83%), OX-19 (80%) and OX-8 (88%) surface markers. LAK cells exhibited higher cytotoxicity to rat prostate tumor cells and mouse lymphoma in vitro than to other non-prostate tumor cells or normal rat splenocytes and thymocytes. Splenocytes of rats bearing prostate tumors have higher LAK activity than normal splenocytes. The Winn type assay showed that Dunning prostate tumor growth was inhibited effectively by LAK cells at a tumor cell:LAK cell ratio of 1:50. The therapeutic efficacy of LAK cells in the treatment of primary solid prostate tumors and pulmonary metastases of Dunning rats was evaluated. LAK cells in combination with rIL-2 showed a greater therapeutic benefit in 1) prevention of prostate tumor metastases to lung, 2) retardation of the primary tumor growth, 3) regression of spontaneously established pulmonary metastases, and 4) prolongation of survival as compared to untreated controls or those groups treated with LAK cells or rIL-2 alone. The results of this study indicate that the conjunctive therapeutic approach of using surgical therapy to remove primary solid tumors followed by adoptive immunotherapy with LAK cells plus in vivo administration of IL-2 may be potentially valuable in the treatment of prostate tumors, particularly for the spontaneous pulmonary metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Murine monoclonal antibodies reactive with a variety of androgen independent Dunning rat prostate adenocarcinoma sublines also reactive with human prostate adenocarcinoma.

Murine hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody (MCA) to Dunning rat prostate adenocarcinoma R-3327HIS (androgen independent type) has been produced by fusing P3x63 Ag8-653 myeloma cells with splenocytes of BALB/c mice which were immunized with R-3327HIS tumor cell membranes. One monoclonal antibody designated MCA-R1 (IgG2a subtype) produced an intense immunostaining of various androgen independent Dunning rat prostate tumor sublines (HIS, HIM, HIF, AT-1, AT-2, AT-3, MAT-Lu and MAY-Ly-Lu), but did not stain other tumors of rat origin or normal rat tissues. Marginal immunostaining was detected in the androgen responsive R-3327H and R-3327G tumor subline. Although MCA-R1 antibody did not react with the regressed prostate tumor of R-3327H or R-3327G, it strongly reacted with the relapsed prostate tumor from either R-3327H or R-3327G tumor derived from rats were treated with diethyl stilbestrol (DES) or castration. MCA-R1 antibody also produced a strong cross-reaction with human prostate adenocarcinoma. Like the Dunning rat tumor, human adenocarcinoma exhibited distinct immunostaining patterns with respect to intracellular localization among well differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated tumor. Benign prostatic hyperplasia or other normal tissues did not stain. Immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and radioautographic analysis revealed that the Dunning rat prostate tumor antigen recognized (m.wt. 50 and 120 Kd) by MCA-R1 antibody are localized on both cell surface and in the cytoplasm. This MCA may represent a potential reagent for the study of tumor biology and immunotherapy of prostate tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗