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Biomedical subjects

C L Rumbaugh

Publications and source records attributed to C L Rumbaugh.

85 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Time-related contrast enhancement of blood, normal muscle, and V2 carcinoma in the rabbit as determined by CT scanning.

After a bolus of intravenous Renografin, the delivery and washout of contrast in malignant V2 carcinoma, normal muscle, and blood using CT scanning was evaluated over a two-hour period. Diagnostically useful differences in enhancement between V2 carcinoma and muscle predictably lasted one hour, but in selected rabbits lasted longer. Delivery and washout was greater in tumor than in normal muscle, and it was these differences which accounted for the diagnostically useful differences in enhancement. After two hours, attenuation in V2 and normal muscle remained elevated, while blood returned to nearly control levels, suggesting a large amount of contrast distributed throughout the extravascular space and probably in equilibrium with excretion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Direct sagittal computed tomography of the temporal bone.

A technique of obtaining direct sagittal (lateral) CT images of the temporal bone is described, and the normal sagittal CT landmarks are illustrated. Using this technique, structures seen to advantage by lateral polytomography may now be imaged by CT. The ability to scan the temporal bone in the sagittal plane should be a useful adjunct to coronal and axial images.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT guided lateral C1-C2 puncture.

A technique for CT guided intrathecal contrast material administration via lateral C1-C2 puncture is described as an efficient strategy for evaluation of patients with recent cervical spine injury and quadriplegia.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cocaine- and methamphetamine-induced acute cerebral vasospasm: an angiographic study in rabbits.

Stroke is a frequently reported, though uncommon, complication of drug abuse, primarily cocaine. The pathogenesis is uncertain, although such cerebrovascular events may result from sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels. Amphetamine, another sympathomimetic amine that is commonly abused, may also cause strokes by producing cerebral vasospasm and/or vasculitis. Amphetamine and its derivatives are frequent adulterants of illegally obtained cocaine and may also be used concurrently; the effect(s) of this combination of drugs upon the cerebral vasculature is not known. Our aim was to develop an animal model that would enable us to study the ability of these drugs to produce acute cerebral vasospasm and to observe the response to IV administration of amphetamine and cocaine, either alone or together. Magnified basilar artery arteriograms were obtained in 12 New Zealand white rabbits before and after IV administration of cocaine, methamphetamine, or both, at various dosages. Low doses produced mild vasodilatation. At higher doses, the animals who received cocaine and methamphetamine alone showed little or no basilar artery spasm, but coadministration produced definite basilar artery vasospasm, reflecting a synergistic vasoconstrictive effect. If a similar response exists in the human cerebral vasculature, then this could help explain the cause of strokes associated with drug abuse.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual CT patterns of multiple sclerosis.

In three patients with histologically confirmed, acute demyelinating disease (multiple sclerosis), serial cranial computed tomography revealed unusual findings. Computed tomography showed contrast-enhancing lesions with mass effect, which suggested brain tumors and the need for surgical biopsy. Steroids were administered to each patients; in two, the large mass lesions resolved dramatically. These and other rapid changes may help in the recognition of multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central nervous system changes after radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy: correlation of CT and autopsy findings.

This is a restrospective correlative study of cranial computed tomography (CT) and autopsy findings in 50 patients after central nervous system radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Most patients had more than one posttherapy CT scan and all cases were autopsied. Twenty-six cases (52%) showed no posttherapy CT changes. In 18 cases (36%) enlargement of intracranial subarachnoid spaces and/or ventricles was seen on CT, but only two of these cases showed gross atrophy on postmortem examination; even in these, the cortex was histologically normal, suggesting that these CT changes may be reversible. In six cases a decrease in white-matter density was seen on CT. Two of these cases were histologically normal, two cases showed some white-matter rarefaction, one case contained multiple foci of white-matter and vessel well necrosis, and one case had progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiography of posttraumatic syringomyelia.

Posttraumatic syringomyelia was studied in 15 patients. Gas myelography in 12 patients showed a definite spinal cord swelling in 10 and a probable cord enlargement in two. Plain spinal computed tomography (CT) in four patients demonstrated intramedullary radiolucent zones in three. After intrathecal injection of metrizamide in 10 patients, cysts were opacified in eight. Postoperative CT in two patients demonstrated collapse of the cyst in one. Gas myelography shows the extent and site of maximal dilatation of the cyst where a shunt can be placed. CT is less invasive and provides a definitive diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental treatment of cerebral vascular spasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Cerebral artery spasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment or prevention methods are most desirable. Using the basilar artery of the rabbit, cerebral arterial spasm was induced with an injection of 4 ml of autologous blood via cisternal puncture in six treated, four pre-treated and six control animals. Vertebral angiography was performed before and at ten, twenty, thirty and sixty minutes after the injection of blood was carried out, and the presence of spasm and its cause were followed in these animals. Pre-treated and treated subjects received 2 mg/kg of diltiazem (a calcium antagonist) either before and after the injection of blood, respectively. Analysis of vessel diameters by computer assisted densitometry showed that the treated group had a significant reduction of basilar artery spasm when compared to the control group, while in the pre-treated group, spasm was prevented.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurological applications of computed tomography.

Prior to the development of computed tomography, radiographic visualization of the brain and spinal cord relied on the indirect imaging methods of angiography, pneumography, and myelography. Although those invasive techniques still play an important diagnostic role, computed tomography has largely replaced them as the main imaging modality of the brain. Its rapid noninvasive nature heralds a major advance in clinical neurological diagnosis.

Brain Diseases↗