No harm was done.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
Biomedical subjects
C L Schratz
Publications and source records attributed to C L Schratz.
Intravenous ketorolac tromethamine versus meperidine for adjunctive sedation in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a pilot study.
BACKGROUND: Meperidine is commonly used with a benzodiazepine to achieve conscious sedation but may potentiate respiratory depression. Ketorolac tromethamine has few sedative effects and no respiratory depression. The purpose of this study was to compare ketorolac to meperidine as adjuncts in conscious sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EDG). METHODS: Patients undergoing diagnostic EGD (n = 47) were randomly assigned to receive normal saline solution or 50 mg meperidine or 30 mg ketorolac intravenously. Midazolam was subsequently administered (as needed, to achieve adequate conscious sedation) by endoscopists who were blinded to the test substance given before the procedure. RESULTS: For all treatment groups, there was no significant difference in extent or adequacy of sedation, incidence of oxygen desaturation, patient amnesia, time of procedure, or vital signs (except for a relative procedural tachycardia in the ketorolac and placebo groups as compared to baseline). The ketorolac group experienced more pain and anxiety. The meperidine group experienced less gagging, a shorter sedation time, less midazolam usage, and more discomfort at the intravenous site. Meperidine seemed to offer a "protective" effect against procedural tachycardia. CONCLUSION: There is no benefit to ketorolac as an adjunct in conscious sedation for EGD. Meperidine had several benefits; however, discomfort at the intravenous site was common.
Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
Oral sodium phosphate versus sulfate-free polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution in outpatient preparation for colonoscopy: a prospective comparison.
BACKGROUND: Biochemical abnormalities induced by oral sodium phosphate and the risk of cardiac arrhythmias as potential sequelae have yet to be investigated. METHODS: We studied 98 outpatients scheduled to undergo diagnostic colonoscopy and prospectively randomized them to receive oral sodium phosphate or sulfate-free polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (SF-PEG-ELS) as recommended by the manufacturers. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients received sodium phosphate and 49 received SF-PEG-ELS. There was no significant difference in tolerance or quality of preparation as judged by blinded endoscopists. Significant changes in serum sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, ionized calcium, and inorganic phosphorus levels were noted following sodium phosphate preparation when compared to values before preparation. A significantly greater number of patients who received sodium phosphate preparation had serum potassium and ionized calcium levels that fell into the abnormal range. Ambulatory electrocardiogram monitors placed 24 hours before the preparation and removed after colonoscopy showed no increase in ventricular premature contractions or other serious arrhythmias in either group during preparation or colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Sodium phosphate and SF-PEG-ELS are equally well tolerated and effective in preparation for outpatient colonoscopy, and (2) sodium phosphate preparation at the recommended dose causes significant alterations in serum sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, ionized calcium, and phosphorus levels.
Adult↗