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Biomedical subjects

C L Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to C L Vogel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Evaluation of human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein in benign and malignant testicular disorders.

The marker proteins alpha fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin are useful adjuncts to clinical evaluation of patients with non-seminomatous testicular germ cell malignant growths during and after therapeutic interventions. Measuring both markers is better than measuring either one alone. An elevated marker assay indicates the presence of active disease. A normal marker assay does not exclude active disease being present. Lastly, these markers are of limited usefulness in the evaluation of undiagnosed testicular masses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A phase II study of adriamycin (NSC 123127) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from Zambia and the United States.

Nineteen Zambian and 22 American patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with Adriamycin every three weeks in intravenous doses ranging from 20-75 mg/m2 (depending upon their initial serum bilirubin levels). Four of 16 (25%) "good risk" Zambian and American patients who received 75 mg/m2 had objective responses, while in five additional patients there was evidence of either transient tumor regression or disease stabilization. In contrast three of 25 "poor risk" patients who received 20-60 mg/m2 had objective responses. Even in this latter group, however, transient, objective signs of tumor regression were noted in four patients. The results of the present study confirm previous reports suggesting anti-tumor activity for high doses of Adriamycin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Since those responses seen were generally incomplete and transient, further clinical trials of this agent used in combination or sequentially with other agents are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hepatitis B virus infection and primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ninety-three patients with biopsy-proven primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) from Uganda, Zambia, and the United States were examined for serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Patients were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and its antibody (anti-HBs), antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and its antibody (anti-HBe). Active HBV infection, as indicated by positive tests for HBsAg (with or without anti-HBs) and anti-HBc (without anti-HBs), was present in 62% of PHC patients (58 of 93), in contrast with 10% of African controls (9 of 90), and less than 1% of most United States adult populations reported in the literature. The presence of HBeAg or anti-HBe was rare among PHC patients and controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effect of surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment on alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Quantitative determinations of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) by radioimmunoassay in 193 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have demonstrated a wide variation in serum levels that appear to be relatively constant for each patient by the time that diagnosis is made. If there is no therapeutic intervention the serum AFP usually follows a gradual increase as the tumor progresses. A few patients have a fall in serum AFP as a preterminal event. Various forms of chemotherapy cause only minor and transient decrease in serum AFP. Surgical resection of tumor produces an immediate fall that parallels the catabolic decay rate for AFP. All AFP-positive patients treated with surgery had recurrence of their tumor with a rise in serum AFP preceeding clinical discovery. The correlation of serum AFP and effective treatment is demonstration of the usefulness of this oncofetal protein marker as an indicator of neoplastic activity for hepatocellular carcinoma and tumors with embryonal cell components and possibly for some other entodermally derived neoplasms.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1976

Phase I trial of dianhydrogalactitol administered Iv in a weekly schedule.

Dianhydrogalactitol was given to 28 patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors on a weekly schedule in iv doses ranging from 2 to 80 mg/m2. No significant toxicity was encountered at doses up to 40 mg/m2/week for 4 weeks. At higher doses mild-to-moderate nausea and vomiting and hematologic toxicity were noted. Thrombocytopenia was more common than granulocytopenia and frequently resolved more slowly. No adverse drug-realted effects on liver, renal, coagulation, or cardiac function were seen. Although no patient had significant antitumor response (as strictly defined), objective improvement was noted in two patients, one with hypernephroma and the other with malignant melanoma. for phase II studies, a weekly dose of 70 mg/m2 is recommended for patients with normal hematopoiesis, with reduction by 25% (55 mg/m2) in patients with extensive prior radiation therapy, prior chemotherapy, and/or widespread metastasis to the bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma: prognostic factors in Ugandan patients.

A staging scheme for hepatocellular carcinoma was presented at an International Symposium on Liver Cancer in Kampala, Uganda in 1971. Historical, clinical, and laboratory aspects of that staging scheme were examined for prognostic significance in 72 untreated patients with this disease studied at the Uganda Cancer Institute. The median survival for the entire group was 1 month. The presence of a serum bilirubin concentration of greater than 2 mg/100 ml or weight loss greater than 25 percent of body weight were the poorest prognostic features. Other factors with prognostic significance were visible abdominal collateral circulation, ascites, tumor differentiation, and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, alpha fetoprotein, and proline hydroxylase. A modified staging scheme is presented which defines three prognostically different groups of Ugandan patients. It is hoped this staging scheme will serve as a stimulus for analysis of similar prognostic features in other populations of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Immunological studies in Ugandan patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Immunological studies were performed on Ugandan patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to test the hypothesis that the high rate of persistence of hepatitis-associated antigen in these patients is the result of defects in host immune response. The responses to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene sensitization and to a battery of recall skin test antigens were normal, as was the humoral antibody response to tularaemia antigen. Neither hypogammaglobulinaemia nor specific immunoglobulin deficiencies were found. Thus it appears unlikely that generalized defects in host immune responses can account for the high incidence of persistent hepatitis B virus infection found in Ugandan patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Liver cell dysplasia: a premalignant condition.

Liver cell dysplasia is defined as cellular enlargement, nuclear pleomorphism, and multinucleation of liver cells occurring in groups or occupying whole cirrhotic nodules. The prevalence, natural history, and relationship to the Australia or hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA) have been studied in 552 Ugandan African patients with normal, cirrhotic, and cancerous livers. Liver cell dysplasia was found in only two of 200 (1%) patients with normal livers, in three of 43 (6.9%) of patients with normal livers bearing primary liver cell carcinoma, 35 of 175 (20.3%) patients with cirrhosis, and 80 of 124 (64.5%) of patients with cirrhosis and primary liver cell carcinoma. Cirrhotic patients without dysplasia were, on average, ten years younger than those with dysplasia and the latter were on average six years younger than those with cirrhosis and carcinoma. Liver cell dysplasia occurred more frequently in males than in females. It was found in all but one instance in macronodular or mixed forms of cirrhosis only. There was a strong relationship between dysplasia and the presence of HAA in 104 patients that suggests a possible carcinogenic mechanism for the longincubation (serum or B) hepatitis virus in liver cell carcinoma. It is concluded that the presence of liver cell dysplasia identifies a group of patients with a high risk of liver cell carcinoma and that they should be followed up by serial alpha-fetoprotein estimations.

Adolescent↗